A second primary cancer (SPC) is a new primary cancer developing in a person with a history of cancer at a new site or tissue and subsequent to the initial cancer. Advances in cancer treatment have led to marked improvements in cancer cure rates over the past 30 years, and the control of risk factors has further increased longevity. Still, cancer survivors are at increased risk not only for recurrence of the primary cancer but also for the development of second primary malignancies, the latter being especially true for survivors of childhood cancer. SPCs are now more common, and research into them has intensified.This monograph provides a synthesis of the current research on SPC, culminating in pertinent summary charts, covering the whole spectrum of first and second primary cancers and the association between them. Readers will gain a general understanding of the epidemiology and of the excess risk of SPCs following an implicated first malignancy. The known or suspected etiologic factors for SPCs are identified, and the field is further narrowed to those factors that are modifiable in practice. Effective preventive measures that might reduce the burden of SPC, both for individuals and across at-risk populations, are presented.Providing practical guidance in terms of possibilities and priorities, this monograph will be a valuable tool for oncologists, general practitioners and health administrators.
Cancer and chronic disease are a rapidly increasing global health burden: according to the Milken Institute, the annual cost to the national US economy of the seven most common chronic conditions will rise to $4.2 trillion by 2023. The data are just as dramatic in Canada, Europe, Australia, and increasingly, in countries in the developing world. As communities, governments, and health organizations worldwide struggle to avoid being swamped by health care costs not to mention the impact of suffering and poor quality of life the only long-term, sustainable hope must be based on prevention efforts. This book presents a promising new approach to educating, engaging, empowering, and generating action within communities as part of that broader prevention agenda. The authors review representative global experiences with community based prevention educators, focusing on the prevention coordination work that can be accomplished within geographical areas ranging from local communities to broader regions. Among the findings they reveal in this book are the fundamental elements of successful Community Based Prevention programs skilled staff, high-quality evaluation, and sustained investment in prevention efforts.
This synthesis will be of interest to state department of transportation and consulting bridge, structural, and research engineers. The synthesis describes the current state of the practice for determining dynamic impact factors for bridges. Information for the synthesis was collected by surveying U.S. and Canadian transportation agencies and by conducting a literature search using domestic and foreign sources. This report of the Transportation Research Board documents relevant background and recent information with regard to vehicular dynamic load effects on bridges. It provides details on the basic concepts of bridge dynamics, including identification of the main variables affecting bridge dynamic response. In addition, current code provisions for accounting for vehicular dynamic load effects for new bridge design and load evaluation of existing bridges are reported, including a discussion on the background of the provisions. Finally, a discussion of observed field problems associated with vehicular dynamic load effects, as obtained from the survey, are included.
Praised by JAMA as "The most complete description of the development, structure, function, pathophysiology, and treatment of the retina and its diseases to be found anywhere," this monumental three-volume work puts all of today's scientific and clinical knowledge of the retina at readers' fingertips. The New Edition has been comprehensively updated and reorganized to reflect all of the very latest scientific and genetic discoveries, diagnostic imaging methods, drug therapies, treatment recommendations, and surgical techniques. The result is an indispensable reference and diagnostic tool for generalists and specialists alike. Delivers the editorial expertise of four highly respected authorities, as well as contributions from internationally recognized leaders in visual science, ophthalmology, and vitreoretinal studies. Presents more than 3,400 superb illustrations (2,200 in full color) that capture all forms of retinal disease from every perspective. Offers the very latest information on the genetic basis of retinal disease, diagnostic retinal imaging, photodynamic therapy, and age-related macular degeneration. Examines the most recent advances in diagnostic indocyanine green angiography � optical coherence tomography (OCT) and quantitative fluoroscein angiography � macular translocation with 360� peripheral retinectomy � surgery for diffuse macular edema due to multiple causes, including proliferative vitreoretinopathy � artificial vision � and much more. Features a completely restructured section on age-related macular degeneration that includes epidemiology and risk factors � prophylaxis and prevention knowledge gained from large clinical trials like AREDS � proven and experimental treatments for AMD � and pharmacotherapy. Incorporates a multitude of new full-color images, 2200 in all.
lt is a tremendous achievement to have provided this highly comprehensive but readable text, which informs such a large group of researchers and clinicians." Christopher Kennard, PhD, FRCP, FMedSci, Professor of Clinical Neurology, Head, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom. "A monograph written with deep knowledge, understanding, wisdom, clarity, intelligibility - the superlatives could go on and on... A remarkable achievement and a great gift to all of us from the two modern giants of eye movement disorders." Michael Halmagyi, MD, Eye and Ear Research Unit, Neurology Department, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, The University of Sydney, Australia. "The fifth edition of The Neurology of Eye Movements is a must for all neurologists and neuroscientists interested in how the human vestibular and oculomotor systems adapt to movement in space and to optimally viewing the world and its contents." Louis R. Caplan, MD, Department of Neurology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.
Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus is your one-stop source for comprehensive coverage of all the pediatric ophthalmic conditions you are likely to encounter in practice. Extensively updated with expert contributions from leaders in the field and now featuring online instructional videos, this ophthalmology reference delivers all the state-of-the-art guidance you need to effectively diagnose and manage even the most challenging eye diseases and disorders seen in children. Take a holistic approach to patient management that considers the family and ensures optimal doctor-patient relationships.Get a balanced view of etiology, diagnosis, and management, and access unique guidance on the practical problems encountered in real-life clinical cases.Impresses the importance of systemic disease in diagnosis and management. Apply all the latest clinical advances through updated coverage of strabismus diagnosis, management and complications; retinal dystrophies; imaging & investigation; AIDS in children; developmental biology; cerebral visual impairment; child abuse; severe developmental glaucoma; and corneal dystrophies.Get rich visual guidance in diagnosis and management from over 1,700 full-color illustrations.Access advice from the experts with contributions from several new top researchers and clinicians.Find the answers you need quickly and easily through a consistent chapter organization and highly accessible clinical information. Browse the complete contents of Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus online, download all the images, and watch brand-new procedural videos at www.expertconsult.com.
V. 1 The plant cell. v. 2. Metabolism and respiration. v. 3. Carbohydrates. v. 4. Lipids. v. 5. Amino acids and derivates. v. 6. Proteins and nucleic acids. v. 7. Secondary plant products. v. 8. Photosynthesis. v. 9. Lipids: structure a nd function. v. 10. Photosynthesis. v. 11. Biochemistry of metabolism. v. 12. P hysiology of metabolism. v. 13. Methodology. v. 14. Carbohydrates. v. 15. Molecular biology. v.16. Intermediary nitrogen metabolism.
A good political community is one whose citizens are actively engaged in deciding their common future together. Bound together by ties of national solidarity, they discover and implement principles of justice that all can share, and in doing so they respect the separate identities of minority groups within the community. In the essays collected in this book, David Miller shows that such an ideal is not only desirable, but feasible. He explains how active citizenship on the republican model differs from liberal citizenship, and why it serves disadvantaged groups better than currently fashionable forms of identity politics. By deliberating freely with one another, citizens can reach decisions on matters of public policy that are both rational and fair. He couples this with a robust defence of the principle of nationality, arguing that a shared national identity is necessary to motivate citizens to work together in the name of justice. Attempts to create transnational forms of citizenship, in Europe and elsewhere, are therefore misguided. He shows that the principle of nationality can accommodate the demands of minority nations, and does not lead to a secessionist free-for-all. And finally he demonstrates that national self-determination need not be achieved at the expense of global justice. This is a powerful statement from a leading political theorist that not only extends our understanding of citizenship, nationality and deliberative democracy, but engages with current political debates about identity politics, minority nationalisms and European integration.
Just in time for the 2000 Olympics, this guide goes down under to provide in-depth accounts of every region, from Tasmania to the tropics, from wildlife to wild Melbourne nightlife. This fully updated edition features more information on exploring the Outback and adventure activities as well as the latest on getting to - or staying away from - the Olympic Games.
Members of Parliament in the United Kingdom are elected to represent geographic constituencies; but how are these defined and what are the consequences for democracy? Tracing the UK’s system of parliamentary representation from its origins in the thirteenth century right through to the present, this comprehensive new survey reveals how a system initially designed to restrain the power of monarchs gradually evolved to serve their interests, then those of political parties before the twentieth century ‘settlement’ of an independent process for revising the constituency map. That settlement is now under pressure, with the traditional pattern of constituencies representing communities about to be replaced by one which elevates numbers above community. Advanced under the slogan of ‘making votes equal’, this new regime promises fairness yet, as the authors show, is destined to fail to address the disproportional and biased election results that have long been a feature of UK politics. Concluding with a detailed consideration of the ways in which various parts of the UK have embraced alternatives to first-past-the-post over the last two decades, this book serves as a timely reminder that the needs of political parties do not always coincide with those of us, the electors.
Media and Society into the 21st Century captures the breathtaking revolutionary sweep of mass media from the late 19th century to the present day. Updated and expanded new edition including coverage of recent media developments and the continued impact of technological change Newly reworked chapters on media, war, international relations, and new media A new "Web 2.0" section explores the role of blogging, social networking, user-generated content, and search media in media landscape
This collection is a pioneering effort to bring together in fruitful interaction the two dominant perspectives on social rules. One, shared by philosophers, lawyers, anthropologists, and sociologists, directly invites formalization by a logic of rules. The other, originating with economists, emphasizes cost considerations and invites mathematical treatment, often in game-theoretical models for problems of coordination?models that some philosophers have taken up as well.Each perspective is represented by new and recent work that moves this important topic toward increased conceptual precision and deeper insight. As a whole, the collection strikes a balance between historical illustrations and theoretical argument, offering in both a rich body of suggestions for further work.
This volume combines current academic research on British elections, parties and public opinion with a detailed reference section including a chronology of the major political events of 1993, opinion polls and by-election results for 1993, as well as an up-to-date digest of party and media addresses and contacts.
This is a comprehensive guide to the diagnosis, clinical management, surgery, and postoperative management of many retinal disorders. As such it will be invaluable to both trainee and consultant ophthalmologists but will also be useful to optometrists and ophthalmic opticians who are becoming increasingly involved in the diagnosis and treatment of ophthalmic disorders. The authors bring a wealth of experience in this field and present methods to help maximize the benefits of surgery.
An exhaustive resource for penguin-o-philes, amateur and academic alike, Penguin-Pedia unites careful analysis of the behavior, habitat, reproduction, feeding habits, and population levels of all seventeen penguin species with the author s personal observations and reflections. Each chapter draws on a wealth of scientific data and reports, as well as providing detailed measurements and weights of penguins from various colonies and nests. An extensive bibliography will direct students of the penguin to scholarly books and journals, while dozens of full-color photographs of penguins in their natural habitat and personal accounts provide entertainment for the layman. A full directory of penguin exhibiting zoos from around the world completes this source of all things penguin.
In the world of plentiful, cheap food that so many of us in the Western World have come to accept as our birthright, it takes sensational journalism and horrific television coverage to make us realise that not all of the world's population shares this abundance. Visits to the Soviet Bloc countries, to China, most African states and various other coun tries of the Third World make one quickly realise that widespread shortage of food is just over the horizon and would be common experi ence to all were it not for the advanced technologies of Western agricul ture, food production and food manufacture. Without doubt, pesticides and other agricultural chemicals have made enormous contributions to world food production - and indeed to world peace. The introduction of many food additives, especially antioxidants, has also contributed greatly to the amount and quality of food which is available, preventing early spoilage and waste, and possibly indirectly contributing to man's health, as these antioxidants have been shown to have beneficial proper ties in the prevention of experimental malignancy and cardiovascular disease. Nevertheless, despite the enormous benefits derived from the use of agrochemicals and food additives, it is essential to remember that these are all selectively toxic chemicals, with no absolute guarantee of safety, and where the benefit to risk ratio is always a compromise adjusted by the expediency of political and financial aspects of food production.
The world’s leading resource for to diagnosing and treating any injury—quickly, safely, and effectively Doody's Core Titles for 2023! Unparalleled in its breadth and depth of expertly crafted content, Trauma takes you through the full range of injuries you are likely to encounter. With a full-color atlas of anatomic drawings and surgical approaches, this trusted classic provides thorough coverage of kinematics and the mechanisms of trauma injury, the epidemiology of trauma, injury prevention, the basics of trauma systems, triage, and transport, and more. It then reviews generalized approaches to the trauma patient, from pre-hospital care and managing shock, to emergency department thoracotomy and the management of infections; delivers a clear, organ-by-organ survey of treatment protocols; and shows how to handle specific challenges in trauma―including alcohol and drug abuse, and combat-related wounds―in addition to post-traumatic complications such as multiple organ failure. 500 photos and illustrations Color atlas Numerous X-rays, CT scans, and algorithms High-yield section on specific approaches to the trauma patient A-to-Z overview of management of specific traumatic injuries Detailed discussion of the management of complications
The groundbreaking text on critical care emergency medicine – updated with the latest evidence and recommendations A Doody’s Core Title for 2021! Critical Care Emergency Medicine has become the standard reference for all clinicians who wish to understand the overlap between emergency medicine and critical care. Much like the field of emergency medicine itself, this text is a collaborative effort involving emergency physicians as well as clinicians from trauma, critical care, infectious diseases, and pulmonary medicine. Critical Care Emergency Medicine teaches emergency physicians everything they must know and do to better care for critically ill patients in an emergency department or to provide care in an ICU. Enhanced by numerous algorithms that speed decision making and full-color illustrations demonstrating anatomy and technique, this book is an essential practice tool. Incorporating the wisdom of both academic and community emergency medicine experts, Critical Care Emergency Medicine, Second Edition delivers expert coverage of: Airway and Ventilatory Support Pulmonary Disorders Cardiovascular Disorders Gastrointestinal and Renal Disorders Neurologic and Neurosurgical Disorders Hematologic and Endocrine Disorders Infectious Disorders Toxicologic Conditions Ultrasonography in Critical Care Special Considerations (including nutritional support, end-of-life issues, fluid management, and more) If you are looking for an up-to-date, evidence-based text designed to take your critical care to the next level, your search ends here.
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