This volume does not offer a complex perspective of the L2 lexicon, but rather represents a sustained attempt to answer some very basic questions clustered around the relationship between the L2 mental lexicon and the L1 mental lexicon. It provides a review of L1 and L2 lexical research issues such as similarities and differences between the conditions of L1 and L2 acquisition, the respective roles of forming and meaning in L1 and L2 processing, and the degree of separation/integration between L1 and L2 lexical operations.
Learning a foreign language can be both challenging and intimidating. Lucky for you, The Everything Learning French Book (Enhanced Edition) makes it simple. Featuring easy-to-follow vocabulary lists, along with complete instruction on written and spoken grammar, The Everything Learning French Book (Enhanced Edition) will have you learning how to follow everyday language and carry on basic conversation in a matter of days. Features easy-to-follow instructions on: The French alphabet and pronunciation Greetings for strangers and people you know Proper usage of nouns, verbs, pronouns, and articles The easiest ways to ask questions Day-to-day language when traveling, dining out, conducting business, and shopping French etiquette and style Also, this eBook is enhanced with audio icons throughout which allow you to hear correct pronunciation or participate in various exercises so you can perfect your French pronunciation and understanding with ease! Including many helpful exercises, self-tests, and an English to French dictionary, The Everything Learning French Book (Enhanced Edition) will have you speaking and understanding French in no time.
Compared to many of MI5's other double agents, HARLEQUIN’s career was very short-lived, lasting only for a few months in 1943. However, during that time he provided insights into the various parties involved in the Appeasement process in 1938; the Czech crisis of 1939; the enterprises of a Franco-American businessman who hosted the Duke and Duchess of Windsor’s marriage in France; the espionage activities of an aristocratic German family; Admiral Canaris, the head of the Abwehr – many of the Abwehr’s personalities with whom he had come into contact or had known about and the agents he employed – as well as relations between the disparate organisations of the German intelligence services – the Abwehr, Gestapo, and Sicherheitsdienst (SD), the intelligence arm of the SS. Furthermore, he revealed the German Armistice Commission’s involvement in espionage and their links to the Abwehr. MI5 shared this intelligence with the FBI and the Office of Strategic Services (OSS) before HARLEQUIN requested that he be returned to American custody where he remained for the rest of the war. His effectiveness as a double agent will be examined using newly-released official files as a primary source.
David Bate examines automatism and the photographic image, the Surrealist passion for insanity, ambivalent use of Orientalism, use of Sadean philosophy and the effect of fascism of the Surrealists. The book is illustrated wtih a wide range of surrealist photographs.
How can psychologists explain strange experiences such as hallucinations or unusual beliefs in ghosts and angels? This compelling introduction aims to uncover how and why such beliefs occur, exploring explanations based on different psychological models, and evaluating the scientific basis of parapsychology and the challenges that researchers face.
Earn College Credit with REA's Test Prep for CLEP* Core Exams Everything you need to pass 6 CLEP* exams and get the college credit you deserve. CLEP* is the most popular credit-by-examination program in the country, accepted by more than 2,900 colleges and universities. For over 15 years, REA has helped students pass CLEP* exams and earn college credit while reducing their tuition costs. Our CLEP* test preps are perfect for adults returning to college (or attending for the first time), military service members, high-school graduates looking to earn college credit, or home-schooled students with knowledge that can translate into college credit. The CLEP* Core Exams test prep assesses the skills tested on 6 official CLEP* exams. Our comprehensive review chapters cover: College Composition, College Composition Modular, Humanities, College Mathematics, Natural Sciences, and Social Sciences & History. The book includes 1 full-length practice test for each subject area. Each exam comes with detailed feedback on every question. We don't just say which answers are right-we explain why the other answer choices are wrong-so you can identify your strengths and weaknesses while building your skills. Ten practice tests are offered on our interactive TestWare CD and give you the added benefits of timed testing, automatic scoring, and diagnostic feedback. We help you zero in on the topics and types of questions that give you trouble now, so you'll succeed when it counts. REA is the acknowledged leader in CLEP* preparation, with the most extensive library of CLEP* titles available. Our test preps for CLEP* exams help you earn college credit, save on tuition, and get a college degree.
Off to the sidelines of the brutal western front of World War I was a nasty little campaign by British and India troops sent to secure Persian oil fields. Explaining what and how this happened in the early decades of the twentieth century goes beyond being just another history of a distant campaign in the 1914 to 1918 war. The highs and lows of what many British military planners in London considered to be a minor campaign in a distant theatre of operations proved to be a long, costly conflict the results of which still influence events today. Oil and the Creation of Iraq describes how the policies of allied military leaders of the time resulted in pushing the Ottoman government into partnership with Germany and Austria during World War I, resulting in its disintegration and loss of its Middle Eastern territories. The book then describes how the political and economic aims of the nations involved in the Mesopotamian campaign influenced the fighting and subsequent creation of Iraq, a new nation with few defensible boundaries, but one sitting atop an almost inexhaustible supply of oil and gas.
This is the official Naval Staff history of the Norway campaign, originally published internally in 1951. It covers the period from early April 1940 to the completion of operations in June. The operation involved most of the Royal Navy's ships in the Home theatre at the time.
This volume deals with the first 15 months of the Mediterranean Campaign including the preparations for war, the effect of the entry of Italy into the war in June, 1940, the tragic actions against the French Fleet, and the achievement of British command of the sea, which was the defining factor for all subsequent Mediterranean operations. It ends with the first Mediterranean convoy battle to run supplies from Gibraltar to Alexandria - Operation Hat.
America and World War I, the first volume in the new Routledge Research Guides to American Military Studies series, provides a concise, annotated guide to the vast amount of resources available on the Great War. With over 2,000 entries selected from a wide variety of publications, manuscript collections, databases, and online resources, this volume will be an invaluable research tool for students, scholars, and military history buffs alike. The wide range of topics covered include war films and literature, to civil-military relations, to women and war. Routledge Research Guides to American Military Studies will include concise, easy-to-use bibliographic volumes on different American military campaigns throughout history, as well as tackling timely subjects such as women in the military and terrorism.
Introduction -- Expression. The two curious moments in Chopin's E-flat major prelude / Charles Burkhart ; Circular motion in Chopin's late B-major nocturne (op. 62, no. 1) / William Rothstein ; Of species counterpoint, gondola songs, and sordid boons / Poundie Burstein -- Theory. The spirit and technique of Schenker pedagogy / David Gagné and Allen Cadwallader ; Prolongational and hierarchical structures in 18th-century theory / Joel Lester ; Thoughts on Schenker's treatment of diminution and repetition in part III of Free composition, and its implications for analysis / Wayne Petty ; Looking at the Urlinie / Hedi Siegel -- Style. Rhythmic displacement in the music of Bill Evans / Steven Larson ; Levels of voice leading in the music of Louis Couperin / Drora Pershing ; The analysis of east Asian music / David Loeb ; Baroque styles and the analysis of baroque music / Channan Willner -- Words and music. Schumann's Das ist ein Flöten und Geigen : conflicts between local and global perspectives / Lauri Suurpaa ; Reinterpreting the past : Brahms's link to Bach in the setting of Mit Fried und Freud ich fahr dahin, from the motet op. 74, no. 1 / Robert Cuckson ; Hinauf strebt's : song study with Carl Schachter / Timothy Jackson ; Intimate immensity in Schubert's The shepherd on the rock / Frank Samarotto -- Form. Tonal conflicts in Haydn's development sections : the role of C major in symphonies nos. 93 and 102 / Mark Anson-Cartwright ; Aspects of structure in Bach's F-minor fugue, WTC II / William Renwick ; The andante from Mozart's symphony no. 40, K. 5
Scottish History: A Complete Introduction is a comprehensive guide to the exciting story of this nation, from pre-history right through to the present day. With the question of Scottish independence once again on the agenda, this book will allow you to trace the events, both peaceful and bloody, that have brought the country to this point. Tracing events from the pre-history of the land and the coming of the Scots to the rise of the Scottish National Party, it provides an informative and accessible introduction to Scotland's history. Whether it is the Jacobite Rebellion, the advances of the Scottish Enlightenment or its role in WWI and WWII, this is the perfect place to start. AUTHOR INSIGHTS Lots of instant help with common problems and quick tips for success, based on the author's many years of experience. TEST YOURSELF Tests in the book and online to keep track of your progress. FIVE THINGS TO REMEMBER Quick refreshers to help you remember the key facts. TRY THIS Innovative exercises illustrate what you've learnt and how to use it.
Written by David Hornsby, who is a current Linguistics lecturer and researcher at the University of Kent, Linguistics - The Essentials is designed to give you everything you need to succeed, all in one place. It covers the key areas that students are expected to be confident in, outlining the basics in clear jargon-free English, and then providing added value features like summaries of key books, and even lists of questions you might be asked in your seminar or exam. The book uses a structure that mirrors many university courses on linguistics - with separate chapters focusing on linguistic thought, syntax, sound systems, morphology, semantics, pragmatics, language acquisition, and much more.
Presents the principles of human gene evolution in a concise and easy to understand fashion. Uses examples of how evolutionary processes have molded present day genes, drawn from the evolution of humans and other primates, as well as from more primitive organisms. With increasing attention in this expanding area, this review forms a timely publication of our current knowledge of this important field. Structure and function in the human genome The evolution of gene structure Mutational mechanisms in evolution
In the wake of modern genocide, we tend to think of violence against minorities as a sign of intolerance, or, even worse, a prelude to extermination. Violence in the Middle Ages, however, functioned differently, according to David Nirenberg. In this provocative book, he focuses on specific attacks against minorities in fourteenth-century France and the Crown of Aragon (Aragon, Catalonia, and Valencia). He argues that these attacks--ranging from massacres to verbal assaults against Jews, Muslims, lepers, and prostitutes--were often perpetrated not by irrational masses laboring under inherited ideologies and prejudices, but by groups that manipulated and reshaped the available discourses on minorities. Nirenberg shows that their use of violence expressed complex beliefs about topics as diverse as divine history, kinship, sex, money, and disease, and that their actions were frequently contested by competing groups within their own society. Nirenberg's readings of archival and literary sources demonstrates how violence set the terms and limits of coexistence for medieval minorities. The particular and contingent nature of this coexistence is underscored by the book's juxtapositions--some systematic (for example, that of the Crown of Aragon with France, Jew with Muslim, medieval with modern), and some suggestive (such as African ritual rebellion with Catalan riots). Throughout, the book questions the applicability of dichotomies like tolerance versus intolerance to the Middle Ages, and suggests the limitations of those analyses that look for the origins of modern European persecutory violence in the medieval past.
A comprehensive overview of clinically important infections of the urinary tract Urinary tract infections (UTIs) continue to rank among the most common infectious diseases of humans, despite remarkable progress in the ability to detect and treat them. Recurrent UTIs are a continuing problem and represent a clear threat as antibiotic-resistant organisms and infection-prone populations grow. Urinary Tract Infections: Molecular Pathogenesis and Clinical Management brings the scientific community up to date on the research related to these infections that has occurred in the nearly two decades since the first edition. The editors have assembled a team of leading experts to cover critical topics in these main areas: clinical aspects of urinary tract infections, including anatomy, diagnosis, and management, featuring chapters on the vaginal microbiome as well as asymptomatic bacteriuria, prostatitis, and urosepsis the origins and virulence mechanisms of the bacteria responsible for most UTIs, including uropathogenic Escherichia coli, Proteus mirabilis, and Klebsiella pneumoniae the host immune response to UTIs, the rise of antibiotic-resistant strains, and the future of therapeutics This essential reference serves as both a resource and a stimulus for future research endeavors for anyone with an interest in understanding these important infections, from the classroom to the laboratory and the clinic. If you are looking for online access to the latest clinical microbiology content, please visit www.wiley.com/learn/clinmicronow.
The Last Hug, A Storm is Coming is a real-life story of David C. French the Author. The story opens in the spring of 2010 and moves to events from the past in chapter one. The fall of 2009, David woke one morning and shared with his wife Lori about a dream. The dream was about a terrible storm coming. The Perfect Storm brings two manuscripts together, The Last Hug was a six page document recounting of overcoming and loss which would later become Chapter One and initially was shared as a message for a Sunday morning church service in November of 2009. Four months after the message was shared and the event of the dream the author had a near fatal accident by falling head first from a ladder. Trying to find purpose from surviving, what followed next were twelve chapters written over the course of nine years since.The book is about his family struggles, heartache, and tragedies that have tested himself and the family’s faith on this Earth. The message of the author is of inspiration and hope to all. Chapter Two thru Five take place during the early 1960’s to 1980. From a dysfunctional family trying to survive from separation, divorce, adoption, the loss of a second father, multiple homes, schools, and dreaming of goals while working the fields as a teenager. The dream of the terrible storm in the fall of 2009 is documented in Chapter Four. Chapter six and seven are devoted as memories to his siblings Matt and Janice, the tragedy’s rock the family. He was moved to forgiveness and prayed with his minister when he lost his second sibling in 2005. Life needed to move forward from 1977 tragedy’s so that the grief, anger, and hurt would not continue to smother him for the rest of his life. Chapter Eight, the author describes four incidents that he had been called to bear Witness, three of which involved fatalities. Chapter Nine and Ten are titled “Heads and…..Hearts”. He shares with the reader experiences with dealing with his own family’s heart issues and traumatic brain injuries. Chapter Eleven is about the author’s son Andy who wore number 15 as a high school football player. Chapter Twelve is the only part of the book not about the author’s family. Nathan Stiles, Spring Hill, Kansas student/athlete died during a high school game while the author was an assistant coach on the opposite sideline. From this tragedy the author experienced the birth of The Nathan Project. The author’s accident is described in the final chapter. David discovers his purpose in life, to share a gift to others through God and help others.
On July 9, 1755, British and colonial troops under the command of General Edward Braddock suffered a crushing defeat to French and Native American enemy forces in Ohio Country. Known as the Battle of the Monongahela, the loss altered the trajectory of the Seven Years' War in America, escalating the fighting and shifting the balance of power. An unprecedented rout of a modern and powerful British army by a predominantly Indian force, Monongahela shocked the colonial world--and also planted the first seeds of an independent American consciousness. The culmination of a failed attempt to capture Fort Duquesne from the French, Braddock's Defeat was a pivotal moment in American and world history. While the defeat is often blamed on blundering and arrogance on the part of General Braddock--who was wounded in battle and died the next day--David Preston's gripping new work argues that such a claim diminishes the victory that Indian and French forces won by their superior discipline and leadership. In fact, the French Canadian officer Captain Beaujeu had greater tactical skill, reconnaissance, and execution, and his Indian allies were the most effective and disciplined troops on the field. Preston also explores the long shadow cast by Braddock's Defeat over the 18th century and the American Revolution two decades later. The campaign had been an awakening to empire for many British Americans, spawning ideas of American identity and anticipating many of the political and social divisions that would erupt with the outbreak of the Revolution. Braddock's Defeat was the defining generational experience for many British and American officers, including Thomas Gage, Horatio Gates, and perhaps most significantly, George Washington. A rich battle history driven by a gripping narrative and an abundance of new evidence,Braddock's Defeat presents the fullest account yet of this defining moment in early American history.
Rayside conducted informal interviews with more than 150 Glengarrians and attended numerous meetings of local councils, school boards, planning boards, and conservation authorities. This field research provides the basis for a detailed examination of the self-image of the town as a friendly, caring, united community, and of the unequal power relations that exist between different social classes, language groups, and men and women. Working-class life is disadvantaged in Alexandria much as it is in large cities, French-English relations are strained, and the experience of women has not been affected to any great extent by the challenges of feminism. Local government in Alexandria may be more accessible to the ordinary citizen than it is elsewhere but, as Rayside shows, the local council rarely engages in issues of genuine concern to residents, who themselves largely ignore municipal politics. Most local politicians seem inclined to avoid controversy and innovation, hoping to retain an environment favourable to business investment. Rayside examines the impact of the external world on a small community. He situates this impact and the resulting changes in historical context and reveals economic and social relationships that differ from what many of Alexandria's inhabitants believe to be the case. A Small Town in Modern Times will be of interest not only to students and scholars of political science, sociology, history, and Canadian studies but also to residents of Alexandria and any other small community in transition.
This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 25th International Conference on Conceptual Modeling, ER 2006, held in Tucson, AZ, USA in November 2006. The 37 revised full papers presented together with two keynote talks, two panel session papers, six industrial papers, and five demo/posters papers were carefully reviewed and selected from 158 submissions.
This book investigates the reasons why the Catholic population of Paris increasingly tolerated the minority Protestant Huguenot population between 1685 and 1789.
American Battlefields of World War I:Chateau-Thierry--Then and Now is a 304-page book filled with photos from the actual battlefields, photos of the soldiers, photos taken after the liberation of the area. These are juxtaposed with photos as the sites look now. The book text is comprised of the actual words of the soldiers who were there telling their side of the battle."--Publisher description.
Cyberwarfare: Information Operations in a Connected World puts students on the real-world battlefield of cyberspace! It reviews the role that cyberwarfare plays in modern military operations–operations in which it has become almost impossible to separate cyberwarfare from traditional warfare.
Bach's Well-tempered Clavier (or the 48 Preludes and Fugues) stands at the core of baroque keyboard music and has been a model and inspiration for performers and composers ever since it was written. This invaluable guide to the 96 pieces explains Bach's various purposes in compiling the music, describes the rich traditions on which he drew, and provides commentaries for each prelude and fugue. In his text, David Ledbetter addresses the main focal points mentioned by Bach in his original 1722 title page. Drawing on Bach literature over the past three hundred years, he explores German traditions of composition types and Bach's novel expansion of them; explains Bach's instruments and innovations in keyboard technique in the general context of early eighteenth-century developments; reviews instructive and theoretical literature relating to keyboard temperaments from 1680 to 1750; and discusses Bach's pedagogical intent when composing the Well-tempered Clavier. Ledbetter's commentaries on individual preludes and fugues equip readers with the concepts necessary to make their own assessment and include information about the sources when details of notation, ornaments, and fingerings have a bearing on performance.
Venice holds a unique place in literary and cultural history. Barnes looks at the themes of war, occupation, resistance and fascism to see how the political background has affected the literary works that have come out of this great city. He focuses on key British and American writers, including Byron, Ruskin, Pound and Eliot.
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