Using data from 1980-2017, this paper estimates a Global VAR (GVAR) model taylored for the Caribbean region which includes its major trading partners, representing altogether around 60 percent of the global economy. We provide stilyzed facts of the main interrelations between the Caribbean region and the rest of the world, and then we quantify the impact of external shocks on Caribbean countries through the application of two case studies: i) a change in the international price of oil, and ii) an increase in the U.S. GDP. We confirmed that Caribbean countries are highly exposed to external factors, and that a fall in oil prices and an increase in the U.S. GDP have a positive and large impact on most of them after controlling for financial variables, exchange rate fluctuations and overall price changes. The results from the model help to disentangle effects from various channels that interact at the same time, such as flows of tourists, trade of goods, and changes in economic conditions in the largest economies of the globe.
This book explores the application of service design to urban commons. It originates from a project developed by the research group of POLIMI DESIS Lab of Politecnico di Milano, aimed at imagining the future of the Reggio Emilia Ducal Palace and its park - the Reggia di Rivalta. The peculiarity of the project lays in the idea that the design of a (public) space should be informed by the design of its services, because the development of specific activities actually builds a fundamental part of the identity of a place, conceiving both the tangible and intangible dimensions as part of a single creative process. The combination of a participatory process and the integration of spatial and service design led to infrastructuring a multi-stakeholder participatory action research of envisioning the future of a public good. This effort has been thus framed into a working methodology, specific tools and progressive outputs, which are defined as Service Master Planning (the process), and Service Master Plan (the product), allowing service design professionals to expand their knowledge and develop skills for a new field of application connected to urban planning.
Soft errors are a multifaceted issue at the crossroads of applied physics and engineering sciences. Soft errors are by nature multiscale and multiphysics problems that combine not only nuclear and semiconductor physics, material sciences, circuit design, and chip architecture and operation, but also cosmic-ray physics, natural radioactivity issues, particle detection, and related instrumentation. Soft Errors: From Particles to Circuits addresses the problem of soft errors in digital integrated circuits subjected to the terrestrial natural radiation environment—one of the most important primary limits for modern digital electronic reliability. Covering the fundamentals of soft errors as well as engineering considerations and technological aspects, this robust text: Discusses the basics of the natural radiation environment, particle interactions with matter, and soft-error mechanisms Details instrumentation developments in the fields of environment characterization, particle detection, and real-time and accelerated tests Describes the latest computational developments, modeling, and simulation strategies for the soft error-rate estimation in digital circuits Explores trends for future technological nodes and emerging devices Soft Errors: From Particles to Circuits presents the state of the art of this complex subject, providing comprehensive knowledge of the complete chain of the physics of soft errors. The book makes an ideal text for introductory graduate-level courses, offers academic researchers a specialized overview, and serves as a practical guide for semiconductor industry engineers or application engineers.
This book presents the achievements in bionanoelectronics in a coherent manner. It deals with nanodevices applied to biostructures, molecular motors, molecular pumps, molecular nanoactuators and electronic biodevices, including nanodevices for sensing and imaging biomolcules. The book describes bionanoelectronics, detection of biomolecules and targets various biological applications such as detection and sequencing of DNA and early detection of various deseases and nanomedicine. Further important topics of the book are biomimetics and bioinspired electronics.The book also deals with biomolecules as building blocks of nanodevices for nanoelectronics or future computing architecture The application of scanning probe techniques to biological samples is described.
This book focuses on innovations in culture having the potential to drive overall development. It analyses public policies and offers inspiring examples of innovations in culture which solve various societal problems as well as recommendations for public policies. The “culturinno effect” (culture + innovations), thus presents evidence of the inherent power culture has in fostering development. The volume leads us through the role of culture in different concepts of development, providing the theoretical and historical context of development and theory of change. Analysis of theoretical cultural policy models is followed by practical examples of innovations in culture, culminating in a text that is a must have for innovative decision makers ready to respond to the challenges of today as well as students, artists and cultural workers who are prepared to offer a new view on arts/culture.
An unprecedented visual exploration of the intertwined histories of art and science, of the old world and the new From the voyages of Christopher Columbus to those of Alexander von Humboldt and Charles Darwin, the depiction of the natural world played a central role in shaping how people on both sides of the Atlantic understood and imaged the region we now know as Latin America. Nature provided incentives for exploration, commodities for trade, specimens for scientific investigation, and manifestations of divine forces. It also yielded a rich trove of representations, created both by natives to the region and visitors, which are the subject of this lushly illustrated book. Author Daniela Bleichmar shows that these images were not only works of art but also instruments for the production of knowledge, with scientific, social, and political repercussions. Early depictions of Latin American nature introduced European audiences to native medicines and religious practices. By the 17th century, revelatory accounts of tobacco, chocolate, and cochineal reshaped science, trade, and empire around the globe. In the 18th and 19th centuries, collections and scientific expeditions produced both patriotic and imperial visions of Latin America. Through an interdisciplinary examination of more than 150 maps, illustrated manuscripts, still lifes, and landscape paintings spanning four hundred years, Visual Voyages establishes Latin America as a critical site for scientific and artistic exploration, affirming that region's transformation and the transformation of Europe as vitally connected histories.
Optoelectronics will undoubtedly playamajor role in the applied sciences of the next century. This is due to the fact that optoelectronics holds the key to future communication developments which require high data transmission rates and of a extremely large bandwidths. For example, an optical fiber having a diameter few micrometers has a bandwidth of 50 THz, where an impressive number of channels having high bit data rates can be simultaneously propagated. At present, optical data streams of 100 Gb/s are being tested for use in the near future. Optoelectronics has advanced considerably in the last few years. This is due to the fact that major developments in the area of semiconductors, such as hetero structures based on III-V compounds or mesoscopic structures at the nanometer scale such as quantum weHs, quantum wires and quantum dots, have found robust applications in the generation, modulation, detection and processing of light. Major developments in glass techniques have also dramaticaHy improved the performance of optoelectronic devices based on optical fibers. The optical fiber doped with rare-earth materials has aHowed the amplification of propagating light, compensating its own los ses and even generating coherent light in fiber lasers. The UV irradiation of fibers has been used to inscribe gratings of hundreds of nanometer size inside the fiber, generating a large class of devices used for modulation, wavelength selection and other applications.
Living Well Together investigates the development of the Neolithic in southeast and central Europe from 6500-3500 cal BC with special reference to the manifestations of settling down. A collection of reports and comments on recent fieldwork in the region, Living Well Together? provides 14 tightly written and targeted papers presenting interpretive discussions from important excavations and reassessments of our understanding of the Neolithic. Each paper makes a significant contribution to existing knowledge about the period, and the book, like its companion (Un)settling the Neolithic (Oxbow 2005) will be a benchmark text for work in this region. The reports in Living Well Together? play out the critical questions posed in the earlier volume: how should one interpret settlement; what of the difference between tells and flat sites; what do we mean by permanent occupation; can we avoid the assumptions that underlie claims for year-round residence or seasonal occupation; why, in some regions and at some times, did people maintain residence for so many generations that monumental tell settlements grew to dominate the visual and social landscape; what would a viewshed analysis of tells reveal; what are the dynamics of households in Neolithic Greece; how should we see the emergence of pottery in terms of material culture; and what were the origins of the LBK, and how can we understand its development? The volume's authors have succeeded in attacking existing thought, in provoking new discussion and in creating new paths to understanding the nature of human existence in the Neolithic. Together they set a new agenda for studying the Neolithic across and beyond southeastern and central Europe.
Little comparative knowledge exists on how the radical transformations that constitute the late 20th century’s ‘era of globalization’ have affected gender relations and their particular structural manifestation on the labour market, thereby neglecting a core element of the changes and problems currently underway. This book analyses how converging tendencies in the life courses and employment careers of men and women interfere with developments of increasing diversity and instability, both within and between sexes, as economies move from ‘industrial’ to ‘global’. Using the shifting welfare regimes of West Germany and Denmark as illustrative evidence of how national context ‘genders’ the risks and chances associated with globalisation and increasing employment flexibility, this study provides a timely, comprehensive longitudinal analysis of the gendered career consequences of recent political and economic change.
It is unanimously accepted that the quantum and the classical descriptions of the physical reality are very different, although any quantum process is "mysteriously" transformed through measurement into an observable classical event. Beyond the conceptual differences, quantum and classical physics have a lot in common. And, more important, there are classical and quantum phenomena that are similar although they occur in completely different contexts. For example, the Schrödinger equation has the same mathematical form as the Helmholtz equation, there is an uncertainty relation in optics very similar to that in quantum mechanics, and so on; the list of examples is very long. Quantum-classical analogies have been used in recent years to study many quantum laws or phenomena at the macroscopic scale, to design and simulate mesoscopic devices at the macroscopic scale, to implement quantum computer algorithms with classical means, etc. On the other hand, the new forms of light – localized light, frozen light – seem to have more in common with solid state physics than with classical optics. So these analogies are a valuable tool in the quest to understand quantum phenomena and in the search for new (quantum or classical) applications, especially in the area of quantum devices and computing.
This book traces the origins of the Postmodern eclectic grammar of linguistic collision back in the Surrealist poetics of ruins. Keeping in mind the images of lost direction in the big city as a central figure in the discussion of both the Modern and Postmodern aesthetics of displacement, Daniele starts comparing the epiphanic encounters of the Baudelairian flâneur in metropolitan Paris - in constant search for the traces of a lost symbolic order - with Breton's enigmatic pursuit of Nadja, the elusive sphinx in the crowd who moves in a mental territory of puzzling condensations and of ineffable objets trouvé. In his visual and written work, Marcel Duchamp was probably the first artist to envision the space of the crowd as a trans-urban, multiple dimension: a cool arena of disjunctive encounters contributing to transform the Surrealist erotic space of desire in a cooler, open field of performance. Deeply influenced by Duchamp's hybrid aesthetics, American Postmodern writers such as Donald Barthelme and Thomas Pynchon, and the performance artist Laurie Anderson, represent metropolis as a “geographical incest”, as a plural, entropic semiosphere which transcends the notion of urban community to become the tolerant receptacle of an ethnic and discoursive multiplicity, an electronic area of linguistic collisions translatable in new fragmented and unfinished narratives. Evoking the assemblages of Abstract Expressionists, the debris of Simon Rodia “junk art”, and the hybrid language of Postmodern architecture, this neo-Surrealist narrative discourse transforms the epiphanic traces envisioned by the Baudelairian and Bretonian heroes in partial parodies, in enigmatic fragments whose ultimate source transcends the narrator's knowledge. The conceptual strategy which is constitutive of these texts implicitly asks the puzzled reader to disentangle the entropic plots, immerging him in the midst of a “linguistic wilderness,” where all opposites - fact and fiction, man and machine, man and female - enigmatically and humorously coexist.
English In Eine wahrhaft königliche Stadt, Daniela Kah describes how contemporary residents and visitors were able to experience and perceive the presence of the Holy Roman Empire (or its representatives, e.g., the king) in three late medieval cities -- Augsburg, Nürnberg and Lübeck. After receiving privileges from the king, these cities initiated large construction projects designed to assert their imperial status. These projects had a major impact on everyday life and made the Empire visible and graspable within the city. However, in the 13th century the cities increasingly deployed symbols and signs to represent their self-understanding as 'imperial'. ‘Being immediate to the Empire’ or ‘being privileged’ provided important political, economic, and social benefits. Therefore it became very important to the cities to represent their status in visible form. For this reason, the Empire achieved a permanent and lasting presence in free imperial cities. Deutsch In Eine wahrhaft königliche Stadt beschreibt Daniela Kah, wie das mittelalterliche Reich oder seine Repräsentanten, wie zum Beispiel der König, in den Reichsstädten Augsburg, Nürnberg und Lübeck für die zeitgenössischen Bewohner und Besucher erfahrbar war und wahrgenommen wurde. Zunächst führte die Vergabe von königlichen Privilegien zu großangelegten repräsentativen Bauprojekten in den Städten, die das Reich so im städtischen Alltag erkennbar werden ließen. Ab dem 13. Jahrhundert kam es dazu, dass die Stäte vermehrt Symbole und Zeichen im Stadtraum anbrachten, die ihr Selbstverständnis visualieren. Der Status ‚unmittelbar dem Reich zugehörig“ beziehungsweise ‚vom Reich privilegiert’ zu sein, wurde aufgrund seiner politischen, wirtschaftlichen und prestigesteigernden Bedeutung ein wichtiger Bezugspunkt, der zur dauerhaften Präsenz des Reichs in den Reichsstädten führte.
• Explains how to determine your personal tree of life depending on your date of birth and how this tree reveals your gifts, talents, and life path • Features full-color photos that capture the true spirit of the trees • Details each tree’s spiritual meaning, element family, essential qualities, healing effects, gifts and talents, and symbolism Drawing on her intimate knowledge of trees and connections to Celtic traditions, Daniela Christine Huber shares a new interpretation of the tree horoscope calendar--where 22 archetypal trees are associated with different dates throughout the year and just like birth stones or astrological signs can reveal your innate talents and unique life path. Featuring full-color photos that capture the true spirit of the trees as well as in-depth descriptions of the characteristic qualities of the tree personality types, Huber’s guide explains how to determine your personal tree of life depending on your date of birth and reveals how this tree stands by your side with its gifts and talents as a faithful friend and companion for a lifetime. The 22 trees of the calendar are Oak, Hazelnut, Rowan, Maple, Walnut, Yew, Chestnut, Ash, Hornbeam, Fig, Birch, Apple, Fir, Elm, Olive, Cypress, Poplar, Cedar, Pine, Willow, Linden, and Beech. Each tree species occurs twice in the annual cycle, except for Oak, Birch, Olive, and Beech, which are specially assigned to the equinoxes and solstices. Each tree description explores the tree’s spiritual meaning, element family, essential qualities, healing effects, gifts and talents, and symbolism. The author also includes an everlasting birthday calendar to record the birthdates of your family and friends, and she looks at the birth trees of several famous people. Showing how each of the 22 trees of the tree horoscope holds great power, Huber explains how your birth tree is the guardian of your individual potential and reveals the abilities and talents available to you in your life. Recognizing and developing the gifts that your birth tree reveals can help you dissolve entrenched habits and patterns, regain inner balance, and activate the full potential of your tree horoscope destiny.
Fascist and colonial legacies have been determinant in shaping how Italian colonialism has been narrated in Italy till the late 1960s. This book deals with the complex problem of public memory and discursive amnesia. The detailed research that underpins this book makes it no longer possible to claim that after 1945 there was an absolute and traumatic silence concerning Italy's colonial occupation of North and East Africa. However, the abiding public use of this history confirms the existence of an extremely selective and codified memory of that past. The author shows that colonial discourse persisted in historiography, newspapers, newsreels and film. Popular culture appears intertwined with political and economic interests and the power inscribed in elite and scientific knowledge. While readdressing the often mistaken historical time line that ignores that actual Italian colonial ties did not end with the fall of Fascism, but in 1960 with Somalia becoming independent, this book suggests that a new post Fascist Italian identity was the crucial issue in reappraisals of a national colonial past.
Food gardening is becoming increasingly popular, as people look for new ways to live more sustainably and minimize harm to the environment. This book addresses the 21st century trends which bring new challenges to food gardening - anthropogenic climate change, environmental degradation, natural resource scarcity, and social inequity - and explains the basic biological, ecological and social concepts needed to understand and respond to them. Examples throughout the text demonstrate how to successfully use these concepts, while supporting gardeners' values, and their goals for themselves, their communities and the world.
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