A sweeping intellectual history of the welfare state's policy-in-waiting From Thomas More to Thomas Paine, Milton Friedman to Mark Zuckerberg, centuries of public figures have hailed the power of government payments as a tool for advancing social justice. For some advocates, basic income is a moral imperative, a policy with potential to upend structural inequalities; for others, it's a market-friendly version of the welfare state that doesn't constrain capitalism. By appealing differently to different political sensibilities, basic income has persisted in the political imagination for centuries. In this deeply erudite and original work, Anton Jäger and Daniel Zamora offer the first historical examination of basic income as a policy of convenience--and, critically, as an intellectual backstop for the shortcomings of capitalism. With modern origins in works of neoliberals like Friedrich Hayek, basic income was conceived as a form of market-friendly welfare state-a safety net around capitalism that wouldn't impinge on capitalism. Although neoliberals failed to make the idea a reality, they succeeded in seeding a fascination that would permeate all corners of late-century capitalism, from supply-side Democrats to neoclassical economists and barons of Silicon Valley. Basic income, Jäger and Zamora show, is no mere political sideshow. Amid societies' ongoing search for market-friendly utopianism, it may be a policy whose time has finally come"--
A sweeping intellectual history of the welfare state's policy-in-waiting From Thomas More to Thomas Paine, Milton Friedman to Mark Zuckerberg, centuries of public figures have hailed the power of government payments as a tool for advancing social justice. For some advocates, basic income is a moral imperative, a policy with potential to upend structural inequalities; for others, it's a market-friendly version of the welfare state that doesn't constrain capitalism. By appealing differently to different political sensibilities, basic income has persisted in the political imagination for centuries. In this deeply erudite and original work, Anton Jäger and Daniel Zamora offer the first historical examination of basic income as a policy of convenience--and, critically, as an intellectual backstop for the shortcomings of capitalism. With modern origins in works of neoliberals like Friedrich Hayek, basic income was conceived as a form of market-friendly welfare state-a safety net around capitalism that wouldn't impinge on capitalism. Although neoliberals failed to make the idea a reality, they succeeded in seeding a fascination that would permeate all corners of late-century capitalism, from supply-side Democrats to neoclassical economists and barons of Silicon Valley. Basic income, Jäger and Zamora show, is no mere political sideshow. Amid societies' ongoing search for market-friendly utopianism, it may be a policy whose time has finally come"--
No realm on Earth elicits thoughts of paradise more than the tropics. The tropical marine realm is special in myriad ways and for many reasons from seas of higher latitude, in housing iconic habitats such as coral reefs, snow white beaches, crystal clear waters, mangrove forests, extensive and rich seagrass meadows and expansive river deltas, such as the exemplar, the Amazon. But the tropics also has an even more complex side: tropical waters give rise to cyclones, hurricanes and typhoons, and unique oceanographic phenomena including the El Niño- Southern Oscillation which affects global climate patterns. Tropical Marine Ecology documents the structure and function of tropical marine populations, communities, and ecosystems in relation to environmental factors including climate patterns and climate change, and patterns of oceanographic phenomena such as tides and currents and major oceanographic features, as well as chemical and geological drivers. The book focuses on estuarine, coastal, continental shelf and open ocean ecosystems. The first part of the book deals with the climate, physics, geology, and chemistry of the tropical marine environment. The second section focuses on the origins, diversity, biogeography, and the structure and distribution of tropical biota. The third part explores the rates and patterns of primary and secondary production, and their drivers, and the characteristics of pelagic and benthic food webs. The fourth part examines how humans are altering tropical ecosystems via unsustainable fisheries, the decline and loss of habitat and fragmentation, Further, pollution is altering an earth already in the throes of climate change. Tropical Marine Ecology is an authoritative and comprehensive introduction to tropical marine ecology for advanced undergraduate and postgraduate students. It is also a rich resource and reference work for researchers and professional managers in marine science.
The history of modern Nicaragua is populated with leaders promising a new and better day. Inevitably, as Nicaragua and the Politics of Utopia demonstrates, reality casts a shadow and the community must look to the next leader. As an impoverished state, second only to Haiti in the Americas, Nicaragua has been the scene of cyclical attempts and failures at modern development. Author Daniel Chavez investigates the cultural and ideological bases of what he identifies as the three decisive movements of social reinvention in Nicaragua: the regimes of the Somoza family of much of the early to mid-twentieth century; the governments of the Sandinista party; and the present-day struggle to adapt to the global market economy. For each era, Chavez reveals the ways Nicaraguan popular culture adapted and interpreted the new political order, shaping, critiquing, or amplifying the regime's message of stability and prosperity for the people. These tactics of interpretation, otherwise known as meaning-making, became all-important for the Nicaraguan people, as they opposed the autocracy of Somocismo, or complemented the Sandinistas, or struggled to find their place in the Neoliberal era. In every case, Chavez shows the reflective nature of cultural production and its pursuit of utopian idealism.
Latin America constitutes a region well-endowed with sovereign nations, cultural differences, and varying states of development and political stability. The end of the cold war and the decline of revolutionary movements and regimes has cast political perceptions of the region in a new light even as it has wrought momentous changes in the individual countries themselves. Latin American Political Yearbook: 1997 provides a comprehensive overview, analysis, and summary of the major political and economic trends and events in Mexico, Central and South America, and the Caribbean both for their significance within special countries, the entire region, and relations with the world at large.Elections and the status of political forces in Latin America are the focus of part 1. It provides an up-to-date, realistic definition of today's political ""Left"" and describes the political situations in the Central American, MERCOSUR, Andean, and Caribbean nations. Moreover, special consideration is given to the case of Nicaragua. In part 2 the politico-economic backgrounds of such representative Latin American nations as Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Ecuador, Honduras, Paraguay, and Venezuela are updated to demonstrate that corruption and collectivism have been responsible for most, if not all of the region's economic woes. The next two parts are concerned with the Hemispheric left (HL) and the Hemispheric Left Support, respectively, the former dealing with the loose association of Latin American Marxist and Marxist-Leninist organizations. It begins with an in-depth look at its enigmatic chief, Fidel Castro, and then discusses HL umbrella organizations; Colombian, Mexican, and Central American terrorist groups; HL narcoterrorism; and the special case of Peru. The book concludes with a look at Latin American international organizations Including trade and tariff associations, technical groupings, regional associations, and hemisphere-wide
Surveillance, the Cold War, and Latin American Literature examines secret police reports on Gabriel García Márquez, Pablo Neruda, Octavio Paz, Elena Poniatowska, José Revueltas, Otto René Castillo, Carlos Cerda, and other writers, from archives in Mexico, Chile, Guatemala, Uruguay, the German Democratic Republic, and the USA. Combining literary and cultural analysis, history, philosophy, and history of art, it establishes a critical dialogue between the spies' surveillance and the writers' novels, short stories, and poems, and presents a new take on Latin American modernity, tracing the trajectory of a modern gaze from the Italian Renaissance to the Cold War. It traces the origins of today's surveillance society with sense of urgency and consequence that should appeal to academic and non-academic readers alike throughout the Americas, Europe and beyond.
An Open Access edition of this book is available on the Liverpool University Press website and the OAPEN library as part of the Opening the Future project with COPIM.Empire Found: Racial Identities and Coloniality in Twenty-First Century Portuguese Popular Cultures examines how the discourses and narratives of Portuguese imperial exceptionalism and Portuguese racial identity, developed during the last centuries of Portuguese settler colonialism continue to inform an array of cultural production and consumption in the four decades since decolonization. By examining a range of contemporary popular cultural production (literature, football, musical production, and celebrity culture) in critical conversation with intellectual production of the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, Empire Found examines how narratives of Portuguese racial hybridity and indeterminacy operate alongside ongoing structures of coloniality and white supremacy in the realms of cultural production. I argue that these implied or overt historical dialogues carried out through cultural production are integral to the very reproduction of the Portuguese nation-state apparatus, as well as its racial structures and claims to whiteness in the wake of decolonization and marginal integration into the European Union.
This new edition brings Daniel C. Hellinger’s brilliantly succinct and accessible introduction to Latin America up to date for a new generation of educators. In crisp detail, Hellinger gives a panoramic overview of the continent and offers a unique balance of comparative politics theory and interdisciplinary country-specific context, of a thematic organization and in-depth country case studies, of culture and economics, of scholarship and pedagogy. Insightful historical background in early chapters provides students with ways to think about how the past influences the present. However, while history plays a part in this text, comparative politics is the primary focus, explaining through fully integrated, detailed case studies and carefully paced analysis. Country-specific narratives are integrated with concepts and theories from comparative politics, leading to a richer understanding of both. Updates to this new edition include: • Revisiting contemporary populism and the global emergence of right-wing populism. • The pros and cons of extractivism; the impact of Chinese investment and trade. • Contemporary crisis in Venezuela; expanded treatment of Colombia and Peru. • The role of the military; LGBTQ+ issues; corruption; violence; identity issues. • New sections on social media, artificial intelligence, and big data cyber technologies. • Examination of post-Castro Cuba; Costa Rica’s exceptionalism. • Broader study of environmental movements; how governments relate to social movements. • Examination of personalist parties; refugee and asylum rights. • Interventionist policies of the current U.S. administration. • Early impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. Comparative Politics of Latin America is a thoughtful, ambitious, and thorough introductory textbook for students beginning Latin American Studies at the undergraduate level.
The biggest news and most significant events of 1989 are vividly brought to life. Includes more than 1,000 memorable events with 340 color and 40 black-and-white photographs.
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