Dispelling the myth of scientific purity and detachment, Daniel S. Greenberg documents in revealing detail the political processes that underpinned government funding of science from the 1940s to the 1970s.
Each year, Congress appropriates billions of dollars for scientific research. In this book, veteran science reporter Daniel S. Greenberg takes us behind closed doors to show us who gets it, and why. What he reveals is startling: an overlooked world of false claims, pork, and cronyism, where science, money, and politics all manipulate one another.
In recent years the news media have been awash in stories about increasingly close ties between college campuses and multimillion-dollar corporations. Our nation’s universities, the story goes, reap enormous windfalls patenting products of scientific research that have been primarily funded by taxpayers. Meanwhile, hoping for new streams of revenue from their innovations, the same universities are allowing their research—and their very principles—to become compromised by quests for profit. But is that really the case? Is money really hopelessly corrupting science? With Science for Sale, acclaimed journalist Daniel S. Greenberg reveals that campus capitalism is more complicated—and less profitable—than media reports would suggest. While universities seek out corporate funding, news stories rarely note that those industry dollars are dwarfed by government support and other funds. Also, while many universities have set up technology transfer offices to pursue profits through patents, many of those offices have been financial busts. Meanwhile, science is showing signs of providing its own solutions, as highly publicized misdeeds in pursuit of profits have provoked promising countermeasures within the field. But just because the threat is overhyped, Greenberg argues, doesn’t mean that there’s no danger. From research that has shifted overseas so corporations can avoid regulations to conflicts of interest in scientific publishing, the temptations of money will always be a threat, and they can only be countered through the vigilance of scientists, the press, and the public. Based on extensive, candid interviews with scientists and administrators, Science for Sale will be indispensable to anyone who cares about the future of scientific research.
Dispelling the myth of scientific purity and detachment, Daniel S. Greenberg documents in revealing detail the political processes that underpinned government funding of science from the 1940s to the 1970s.
Philosopher Daniel Milo offers a vigorous critique of the quasi-monopoly that Darwin's natural selection has on our idea of the natural world. In popular thought, Darwinism has even acquired the trappings of an ethical system, focused on optimization, competition, and innovation. Yet in nature, imperfect creatures often have the evolutionary edge.
In recent years the news media have been awash in stories about increasingly close ties between college campuses and multimillion-dollar corporations. Our nation’s universities, the story goes, reap enormous windfalls patenting products of scientific research that have been primarily funded by taxpayers. Meanwhile, hoping for new streams of revenue from their innovations, the same universities are allowing their research—and their very principles—to become compromised by quests for profit. But is that really the case? Is money really hopelessly corrupting science? With Science for Sale, acclaimed journalist Daniel S. Greenberg reveals that campus capitalism is more complicated—and less profitable—than media reports would suggest. While universities seek out corporate funding, news stories rarely note that those industry dollars are dwarfed by government support and other funds. Also, while many universities have set up technology transfer offices to pursue profits through patents, many of those offices have been financial busts. Meanwhile, science is showing signs of providing its own solutions, as highly publicized misdeeds in pursuit of profits have provoked promising countermeasures within the field. But just because the threat is overhyped, Greenberg argues, doesn’t mean that there’s no danger. From research that has shifted overseas so corporations can avoid regulations to conflicts of interest in scientific publishing, the temptations of money will always be a threat, and they can only be countered through the vigilance of scientists, the press, and the public. Based on extensive, candid interviews with scientists and administrators, Science for Sale will be indispensable to anyone who cares about the future of scientific research.
This book explores citizens' perceptions and experiences of security threats in contemporary Britain, based on twenty focus groups and a large sample survey conducted between April and September 2012. The data is used to investigate the extent to which a diverse public shares government framings of the most pressing security threats, to assess the origins of perceptions of security threats, to investigate what makes some people feel more threatened than others, to examine the effects of threats on other areas of politics and to evaluate the effectiveness of government messages about security threats. We demonstrate widespread heterogeneity in perceptions of issues as security threats and in their origins, with implications for the extent to which shared understandings of threats are an attainable goal. While this study focuses on the British case, it seeks to make broader theoretical and methodological contributions to Political Science, International Relations, Political Psychology, and Security Studies.
This book provides a comprehensive, interdisciplinary and holistic analysis of the socio-psychological dynamics of intractable conflicts. Daniel Bar-Tal's original conceptual framework is supported by evidence drawn from different disciplines, including empirical data and illustrative case studies. His analysis rests on the premise that intractable conflicts share certain socio-psychological foundations, despite differences in context and other characteristics. He describes a full cycle of intractable conflicts - their outbreak, escalation and reconciliation through peace building. Bar-Tal's framework provides a broad theoretical view of the of the socio-psychological repertoire that develops in the course of long-term and violent conflicts, outlines the factors affecting its formation, demonstrates how it is maintained, points out its functions and describes its consequences. The book also elaborates on the contents, processes and other factors involved in the peace building process.
The Handbook of Multimodal-Multisensor Interfaces provides the first authoritative resource on what has become the dominant paradigm for new computer interfaces— user input involving new media (speech, multi-touch, gestures, writing) embedded in multimodal-multisensor interfaces. These interfaces support smart phones, wearables, in-vehicle and robotic applications, and many other areas that are now highly competitive commercially. This edited collection is written by international experts and pioneers in the field. It provides a textbook, reference, and technology roadmap for professionals working in this and related areas. This first volume of the handbook presents relevant theory and neuroscience foundations for guiding the development of high-performance systems. Additional chapters discuss approaches to user modeling and interface designs that support user choice, that synergistically combine modalities with sensors, and that blend multimodal input and output. This volume also highlights an in-depth look at the most common multimodal-multisensor combinations—for example, touch and pen input, haptic and non-speech audio output, and speech-centric systems that co-process either gestures, pen input, gaze, or visible lip movements. A common theme throughout these chapters is supporting mobility and individual differences among users. These handbook chapters provide walk-through examples of system design and processing, information on tools and practical resources for developing and evaluating new systems, and terminology and tutorial support for mastering this emerging field. In the final section of this volume, experts exchange views on a timely and controversial challenge topic, and how they believe multimodal-multisensor interfaces should be designed in the future to most effectively advance human performance.
This volume explores the value of business integrity and ethics as a "best practice" model in business strategy. The authors define business integrity, explore areas in which integrity is often absent or discredited, and provide a framework and tools to help build better business ethics and corporate social responsibility. The volume aims to reveal that beyond the immediate economic effect, corruption can ruin entire countries by destabilizing key economic and political players, warping their vision for state development. Against the backdrop of global financial and ethical crises, the authors argue that integrity in business is a key component for long-term success. Integrity includes the ability to be consistent with one’s moral values and principles and places society’s wishes at the center of business decision-making. The cornerstone upon which a culture of integrity is built within a certain business is the ethics code. It explicitly states the values and principles to which a company adheres. The continuous promotion, support and communication of the ethics code stipulations provide the basis upon which integrity in business is built. Featuring case studies from countries such as Sweden, Great Britain and France and companies such Starbucks, Nike, PSEG, and Anglo-American PLC, this volume provides a comprehensive study of business integrity and social responsibility that will be of interest to students, scholars, professionals and policy-makers from around the world.
Scientists, clinicians, and mindfulness teachers discuss training the mind to bring more health and resiliency to our lives. In this book, Daniel J. Siegel and Marion F. Solomon have gathered leading writers to discuss such topics as: attention, resilience, and mindfulness; neuroplasticity—how the brain changes its function and structure in response to experience; “loving awareness” as the foundation for mindful living; how mindfulness training can help build empathy and compassion in clinicians; self-compassion; addictions; using breath practice to cultivate well-being; tools for clients who feel disconnected; “therapeutic presence”—how we show up for our clients, how we embody being aware and receptive. The latest entry in the acclaimed Norton Series on Interpersonal Neurobiology, this book brings fresh voices to the all-important topics of meditation, mental training, and consciousness. Mind, Consciousness, and Well-Being offers a unique window into the science and art of taking our understanding of the mind and consciousness and applying it to cultivating well-being in our personal lives and our professional work. Contributors include Pat Ogden, Shauna Shapiro, Bonnie Goldstein, Trudy Goodman Kornfield, Jack Kornfield, Kristin Neff, Judson Brewer, Gary Small, Amishi Jha, and more.
Greenberg explores how scientific research is funded in the United States, including why the political process distributes the funds the way it does and how it can be corrupted by special interests in academia, business, and political machines.
Employing a lively and accessible writing style, author Daniel W. Barrett integrates up-to-date coverage of social psychology’s core theories, concepts, and research with a discussion of emerging developments in the field—including social neuroscience and the social psychology of happiness, religion, and sustainability. Engaging examples, Applying Social Psychology sections, and a wealth of pedagogical features help readers cultivate a deep understanding of the causes of social behavior.
This comprehensive introduction to the functions of the mammalian ear describes the major steps by which sound is transformed into nerve impulses. The author leads the reader along the pathway followed by the acoustic signal. He starts with the collection of sound by the outer ear, proceeds to its transfer by the middle ear, and finally analyzes its modification in the inner ear, where the sound waves are transformed into nerve impulses. The book concludes with descriptions of some common ear impairments and a brief survey of the treatments available for them. At each stage of the ear's sound processing, Professor Geisler discusses the basic mechanisms, covering current theories and illustrating the discussions with experimental data. Although he uses an extensive array of analogies and mathematical models, he considers only the basic theory and the outputs of the models, not their derivation or formal usage. Where appropriate, related mechanisms in the ears of other vertebrates are considered. From Sound to Synapse is written in lucid, accessible style that makes no assumptions about the scientific background of the reader apart from a basic familiarity with pulse generation by neurons. It will be of value to researchers and students in sensory physiology, neurophysiology, acoustics, bioengineering, psychoacoustics, and neuroscience. It will also benefit neurologists, audiologists, otolaryngologists, and other clinicians interested in a more detailed description of sound processing.
The language of argument uses particular words with particular, sometimes shifting meanings, though time. It is true that politicians may act as though they are part of no particular ideological tradition, but history shows that they mainly use an understood meaning to enhance their actions.
Reads like a good book… Written in the style of their award-winning nonfiction books, the Dans capture students’ attention in a way few textbooks can claim. Each chapter, each page is written with narrative hooks that retain student interest by engaging their curiosity, compassion, and interest in the world around them. Students who read Introducing Psychology will quickly learn to critically examine the world around them and apply the lessons of psychology to their own lives. …Teaches like a great textbook. The Dans focus the essential topics within psychology without diluting the explanation or removing examples intended to illustrate concepts. By refining their coverage to the most clear, thought-provoking, and illustrative examples, the Dans manage to accomplish two difficult goals: making thoughtful content choices covering the various fields of psychology, and doing so in a manner that retains clarity and emphasizes student engagement.
Recent trends and events worldwide have increased public interest in nonviolence, pacifism, and peace psychology as well as professional interest across the social sciences. Nonviolence and Peace Psychology assembles multiple perspectives to create a more comprehensive and nuanced understanding of the concepts and phenomena of nonviolence than is usually seen on the subject. Through this diverse literature—spanning psychology, political science, religious studies, anthropology, and sociology—peace psychologist Dan Mayton gives readers the opportunity to view nonviolence as a body of principles, a system of pragmatics, and a strategy for social change. This important volume: Draws critical distinctions between nonviolence, pacifism, and related concepts. Classifies nonviolence in terms of its scope (intrapersonal, interpersonal, societal, global) and pacifism according to political and situational dimensions. Applies standard psychological concepts such as beliefs, motives, dispositions, and values to define nonviolent actions and behaviors. Brings sociohistorical and cross-cultural context to peace psychology. Analyzes a century’s worth of nonviolent social action, from the pathbreaking work of Gandhi and King to the Courage to Refuse movement within the Israeli armed forces. Reviews methodological and measurement issues in nonviolence research, and suggests areas for future study. Although more attention is traditionally devoted to violence and aggression within the social sciences, Nonviolence and Peace Psychology reveals a robust knowledge base and a framework for peacebuilding work, granting peace psychologists, activists, and mediators new possibilities for the transformative power of nonviolence.
Operative Techniques in Surgery is a new comprehensive, 2-volume surgical atlas that helps youmaster a full range of general surgical procedures. Ideal for residents as well as experienced surgeons, it guides you step-by-step through each technique using concise, bulleted text, full-color illustrations, and intraoperative photographs to clarify exactly what to look for and how to proceed.
An introduction to psychology doesn't have to be science-challenged to be student-friendly. After all, what more powerful tool is there for captivating students than the real science behind what we know? This skillful presentation centers on a smart selection of pioneering and cutting-edge experiments and examples, it effectively conveys the remarkable achievements of psychology (with the right amount of critical judgment) to introduce the field's fundamental ideas to students" - from publisher.
Introducing HEMATOPATHOLOGY, a definitive new diagnostic reference on diseases of the hematopoietic system by Dr. Elaine S. Jaffe and her fellow editors, all collaborators on the World Health Organization's classification of lymphoid and myeloid disorders. These experts provide you with today's most effective guidance in evaluating specimens from the lymph nodes, bone marrow, peripheral blood, and more, equipping you to deliver more accurate and actionable pathology reports. More than 1,100 high-quality color images mirror the findings you encounter in practice. Overcome the toughest diagnostic challenges with authoritative guidance from the world's leading experts. Make optimal use of the newest diagnostic techniques, including molecular, immunohistochemical, and genetic studies. Compare specimens to more than 1,100 high-quality color images to confirm or challenge your diagnostic interpretations. Search the full contents online and download any of the images at expertconsult.com.
This text is an unbound, three hole punched version. The 13th Edition of Cervone's Personality: Theory and Research significantly updates and expands on previous editions of this classic text. New to this edition, Personality and the Brain coverage throughout the text shows readers how cutting-edge advances in neuroscience inform all aspects of personality theory and research. Cervone and Pervins, 13th edition provides uniquely up-to-date coverage of contemporary personality science while continuing to ground the student in the field's classic, and contemporary, theoretical statements.
New discoveries in genetics, molecular, and cell biology are not only enhancing our understanding of the etiology and progression of disease, but are finding applications in the development of new drugs or the implementation of new kinds of therapy. This book provides an in-depth review of emerging areas in biomedical research at the interface of s
The leading textbook of hospital medicine – completely updated to reflect today’s challenges A Doody’s Core Title for 2021! Since its publication in 2012, Principles and Practice of Hospital Medicine, Second Edition has become the field’s premier resource. Comprehensive, authoritative, and practical, this landmark text provides a solid grounding in clinical, organizational, and administrative areas central to the practice of hospital medicine. The Second Edition has been completely updated to reflect the evolving practice responsibilities of hospitalists. Examples include value-based medicine, expanded surgical content, bedside clinical reasoning, and a new segment devoted to rehabilitation and skilled nursing care. This edition also features a more accessible and streamlined full-color design enriched by more than 600 illustrations. Each clinical chapter opens with boxed Key Clinical Questions that are addressed in the text and summarized in hundreds of tables. Case studies demonstrate how to apply this information specifically to the management of hospitalized patients. Representing the expertise of more than two hundred renowned contributors, Principles and Practice of Hospital Medicine, Second Edition is logically divided into six sections: The Specialty of Hospital Medicine and Systems of Care Medical Consultation Rehabilitation and Skilled Nursing Care The Approach to the Patient at the Bedside Diagnostic Testing and Procedures Clinical Conditions in the Inpatient Setting Principles and Practice of Hospital Medicine, Second Edition is essential reading for clinicians who strive to optimize inpatient care and sharpen their leadership skills.
You read with a rising sense of despair and outrage, and you finish it as if awakening from a nightmare only Kafka could have conceived."--Christopher Lehmann-Haupt, New York Times David Baltimore won the Nobel Prize in medicine in 1975. Known as a wunderkind in the field of immunology, he rose quickly through the ranks of the scientific community to become the president of the distinguished Rockefeller University. Less than a year and a half later, Baltimore resigned from his presidency, citing the personal toll of fighting a long battle over an allegedly fraudulent paper he had collaborated on in 1986 while at MIT. From the beginning, the Baltimore case provided a moveable feast for those eager to hold science more accountable to the public that subsidizes its research. Did Baltimore stonewall a legitimate government inquiry? Or was he the victim of witch hunters? The Baltimore Case tells the complete story of this complex affair, reminding us how important the issues of government oversight and scientific integrity have become in a culture in which increasingly complicated technology widens the divide between scientists and society.
Schacter, Gilbert, Wegner, and Nock’s Psychology, Third Edition is widely acclaimed for captivating students with contemporary psychology research on the major topics of the introductory course, while helping them develop critical thinking skills that will stay with them beyond the course term. Expert coverage of the DSM-5, quirky examples of thinking gone awry, scenarios based on common psychological misconceptions, and contributions from new co-author Matthew Nock highlight the new edition. And now, this breakthrough text is available in a version created just for Canadian students and teachers. It offers the same fascinating writing, helpful study tools, and keen eye for intriguing stories as Psychology, Third Edition, but with a wide range of Canadian examples and impactful work by Canadian researchers incorporated throughout. Welcome Canadian author, Ingrid Johnsrude Ingrid’s principal area of investigation is the neural basis of understanding speech, and she leads experiments examining how utterances are transformed into acoustic signals and then into meaning via a variety of cognitive processes. Her investigations span multiple levels—from understanding the brain structures involved in hearing and comprehension to observing the ways listeners deal with challenges such as background noise.
The last decade has seen a major shift in how nations prioritize issues of national and international security, with terrorism coming to the fore as one of the most significant threats with which to contend. Building on prior research in this area, The Political Psychology of Terrorism Fears presents an integrated collection of empirical and theoretical studies that examine how emotional responses to terrorism, and fear specifically, influence political processes. These include not only how people make decisions about specific governmental policies they support, but also who they endorse for political office and why. Given that terrorism and political violence are an international phenomenon, this volume further demonstrates how these dynamics vary as a function of cultural and political context. It highlights how "high trust" societies may in fact buffer against negative emotional responses (e.g., fear), which in turn informs subsequent political processes in ways that are meaningfully different from other societies where baseline trust is not as prevalent. The volume concludes with a series of papers that discuss how western society at large has become a "fear-conditioned" society, which in turn has given rise to a new political and security culture with a vested interest in such fear dynamics. This book also addresses questions regarding how issues of terrorism are operationalized and studied, whether the resulting data are reliable, and the potential effects of this research on the existing political dynamic.
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