This book argues that in order to understand dibao (China's minimum livelihood guarantee) we need to look at how the programme emerged and how it has developed in the years since.
The field of pediatric oncology encompasses four groups of malignancies - acute leukemias, brain tumors, lymphomas and solid tumors. 1'he history, diagnosis and management of children with acute leukemias and lymphomas has been thoroughly examined in several excellent textbooks of pediatric hematology and oncology. Bl"ain tumors have historically been managed by neurosurgeons and radiation therapists. 1'he role of the pediatric oncologist in the management of these patients is evolving. This book was written to provide a thorough historical evaluation of the most frequent solid tumors of children. A detailed examination of the natural history of these tumors is essential to the design and evaluation of therapeutic trials. The highly lethal nature of many of these tumors, the occurrence of some of them at several different primary sites and the rarity of these tumors have made systematic study of them difficult. Conclusions regarding the efficacy of a particular modification of the therapeutic strategy can be strongly influenced by the assumed natural history of the tumor. I have tried to develop as accurateJy as the literature would allow a picture of the natural history of the common malignant solid tumors, knowing that the image would be imperfect. I adopted a convention which was employed in all graphs constructeil from case reports summarized from the literature.
The most terrible emergency in Britain's history, the Second World War required an unprecedented national effort. An exhausted country had to fight an unexpectedly long war and found itself much diminished amongst the victors. Yet the outcome of the war was nonetheless a triumph, not least for a political system that proved well adapted to the demands of a total conflict and for a population who had to make many sacrifices but who were spared most of the horrors experienced in the rest of Europe. Britain's War is a narrative of these epic events, an analysis of the myriad factors that shaped military success and failure, and an explanation of what the war tells us about the history of modern Britain. As compelling on the major military events as he is on the experience of ordinary people living through exceptional times, Todman suffuses his extraordinary book with a vivid sense of a struggle which left nobody unchanged - and explores why, despite terror, separation and deprivation, Britons were overwhelmingly willing to pay the price of victory.
The second volume of Daniel Todman's account of Great Britain and World War II The second of Daniel Todman's two sweeping volumes on Great Britain and World War II, Britain's War: A New World, 1942-1947, begins with the event Winston Churchill called the "worst disaster" in British military history: the Fall of Singapore in February 1942 to the Japanese. As in the first volume of Todman's epic account of British involvement in World War II ("Total history at its best," according to Jay Winter), he highlights the inter-connectedness of the British experience in this moment and others, focusing on its inhabitants, its defenders, and its wartime leadership. Todman explores the plight of families doomed to spend the war struggling with bombing, rationing, exhausting work and, above all, the absence of their loved ones and the uncertainty of their return. It also documents the full impact of the entrance into the war by the United States, and its ascendant stewardship of the war. Britain's War: A New World, 1942-1947 is a triumph of narrative and research. Todman explains complex issues of strategy and economics clearly while never losing sight of the human consequences--at home and abroad--of the way that Britain fought its war. It is the definitive account of a drama which reshaped Great Britain and the world.
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