Examines the impact that guerrilla warfare had on the Civil War, discussing how Confederate guerrillas' increasing use of plunder and violence led to a decline of support for them among Southerners and was a factor in the final defeat of the South.
Following the American Civil War, many former Confederates fled their southern homeland. Some became expatriates, settling in Canada, Europe, Mexico, South America, and Asia. Others mi-grated to the western United States, seeking fresh starts in the newly forming territories. But a third, somewhat more audacious group invaded the land of their Yankee foe. Settling in northeastern and midwestern towns and cities, these "Confederate carpetbaggers" believed that northern economic and educational opportunities offered the quickest means of rebuilding shattered fortunes and lives. In The Confederate Carpetbaggers, Daniel E. Sutherland examines the lives of those southern men and women who moved north between 1865 and 1880. Dealing with their various motives for moving north, problems of adaptation to northern society, attempts to find new identities, and efforts to maintain personal ties with other Confederates in the North as well as with old friends in the South, Sutherland provides a detailed and illuminating account of the contributions these displaced southerners made to the financial, literary, artistic, and political life of the nation. The principal characters in Sutherland’s story are Burton Norvell Harrison, who served as private secretary to Jefferson Davis, and his wife, Constance Cary Harrison, a popular belle in wartime Richmond. In 1867 the Harrisons moved to New York City, where they remained for four decades. Their exploits, beliefs, and emotions serve as a prism through which to view the successes and failures of other Confederate carpetbaggers. Although some emigrants returned to the South after brief, unpleasant northern sojourns, others spent the remainder of their lives in the North. Some became millionaires; others suffered poverty and ill health. Some became famous; most settled into tolerable, unobtrusive lives as productive citizens in a reunited nation. Sutherland’s study breaks new and significant ground in explaining the complexities of Reconstruction and late nineteenth-century American life. Traditional approaches to Reconstruction history concentrate on the South, particularly on the plight of freedmen and on the political battle for control of state governments. Some scholars have made passing references to the most prominent Confederates in the North, but until now no one has explored the lives of these men and women in detail. In this entertaining and well-written account, Sutherland suggests that while the Confederate carpetbaggers were relatively few in number, they made significant contributions to American progress in the years following the war—contributions they might not have made had they remained in the South.
Focusing on a little-known yet critical aspect of the American Civil War, this must-read history illustrates how guerrilla warfare shaped the course of the war and, to a surprisingly large extent, determined its outcome. The Civil War is generally regarded as a contest of pitched battles waged by large armies on battlefields such as Gettysburg. However, as American Civil War Guerrillas: Changing the Rules of Warfare makes clear, that is far from the whole story. Both the Union and Confederate armies waged extensive guerrilla campaignsagainst each other and against civilian noncombatants. Exposing an aspect of the War Between the States many readers will find unfamiliar, this book demonstrates how the unbridled and unexpectedly brutal nature of guerrilla fighting profoundly affected the tactics and strategies of the larger, conventional war. The reasons for the rise and popularity of guerrilla warfare, particularly in the South and lower Midwest, are examined, as is the way each side dealt with its consequences. Guerrilla warfare's impact on the outcome of the conflict is analyzed as well. Finally, the role of memory in shaping history is touched on in an epilogue that explores how veteran Civil War guerrillas recalled their role in the war.
A biography of James McNeill Whistler (1834-1903) that dispels the popular notion of Whistler as merely a combative, eccentric and unrelenting publicity seeker, a man as renowned for his public feuds with Oscar Wilde and John Ruskin as for the iconic portrait of his mother.
During this period, five states joined the Union--Kansas, West Virginia, Nevada, Nebraska and Colorado--and the population reached nearly forty million. The westward movement was given a boost by the cornpletion of the first intercontinental railroad, and migration from farms and villages to towns and cities increased, accompanied by a shift from rural occupations and crafts to industrial tasks and trades. Overall, the pursuit of middle-class status became a driving force. As this book illustrates, however, most people, though affected by the major upheavals of history, simply pursued their personal lives. Sutherland chronicles dating and marriage customs, the dangers and discomforts of mining, and life in the gambling dens, saloons, dance halls, and "cathouses" of the period. Through extensive quotations from diaries, letters, and the popular press, the reader glimpses an American middle class just beginning to grope its way toward the modern world.
The story of Culpeper County, Virginia, is a unique one in Civil War history. Nestled in one of the South’s most strategically important locations, it was occupied by the Northern army, recaptured by the Confederacy, and finally ceded to the North. Told largely through diaries, papers, and correspondence of residents, common infantrymen, and such eminent personalities as Robert E. Lee, Walt Whitman, Ulysses S. Grant, Clara Barton, and Stonewall Jackson, all of whom spent time in Culpeper, this story wonderfully captures both the intimacy and grandeur of war. Seasons of War moves from the primitive squalor of filled hospitals and the daily indignities of a soldier’s life to the editorials of a local newspaperman and the struggles of women and children left to the mercy of an occupying and hostile army. While famous Culpeper visitors like Lee and Whitman compose dispatches and lyric poetry, private citizens mourn their dead and defend their homes. Here are the very personal aspirations, losses, and sometimes gruesome banalities of an unforgettable American war. Sutherland’s account of the war is unlike any other. Both a military and a social history, it details the life of a single Confederate community without losing sight of the titanic struggle of a nation divided. It allows readers to join the councils of Lee and Grant while sharing the letters of young couples separated by war. We frolic with the fun-loving Jeb Stuart, experience the confused terror of men in battle, feel the anguish of civilians surrounded by contending armies, observe the tensions between neighbors with different loyalties, and sense the joy of liberated slaves. Written in a daring style that thrusts readers into the vortex of war, Seasons of War tells the story of a place and a nation. It is a tale by turns heroic and mean, hopeful and bleak, humorous and grave. It is a story of the American people—Northern and Southern, white and black, free and unfree—at the defining hour of their history.
Examines the impact that guerrilla warfare had on the Civil War, discussing how Confederate guerrillas' increasing use of plunder and violence led to a decline of support for them among Southerners and was a factor in the final defeat of the South.
A biography of James McNeill Whistler (1834-1903) that dispels the popular notion of Whistler as merely a combative, eccentric and unrelenting publicity seeker, a man as renowned for his public feuds with Oscar Wilde and John Ruskin as for the iconic portrait of his mother.
Focusing on a little-known yet critical aspect of the American Civil War, this must-read history illustrates how guerrilla warfare shaped the course of the war and, to a surprisingly large extent, determined its outcome. The Civil War is generally regarded as a contest of pitched battles waged by large armies on battlefields such as Gettysburg. However, as American Civil War Guerrillas: Changing the Rules of Warfare makes clear, that is far from the whole story. Both the Union and Confederate armies waged extensive guerrilla campaignsagainst each other and against civilian noncombatants. Exposing an aspect of the War Between the States many readers will find unfamiliar, this book demonstrates how the unbridled and unexpectedly brutal nature of guerrilla fighting profoundly affected the tactics and strategies of the larger, conventional war. The reasons for the rise and popularity of guerrilla warfare, particularly in the South and lower Midwest, are examined, as is the way each side dealt with its consequences. Guerrilla warfare's impact on the outcome of the conflict is analyzed as well. Finally, the role of memory in shaping history is touched on in an epilogue that explores how veteran Civil War guerrillas recalled their role in the war.
Following the American Civil War, many former Confederates fled their southern homeland. Some became expatriates, settling in Canada, Europe, Mexico, South America, and Asia. Others mi-grated to the western United States, seeking fresh starts in the newly forming territories. But a third, somewhat more audacious group invaded the land of their Yankee foe. Settling in northeastern and midwestern towns and cities, these "Confederate carpetbaggers" believed that northern economic and educational opportunities offered the quickest means of rebuilding shattered fortunes and lives. In The Confederate Carpetbaggers, Daniel E. Sutherland examines the lives of those southern men and women who moved north between 1865 and 1880. Dealing with their various motives for moving north, problems of adaptation to northern society, attempts to find new identities, and efforts to maintain personal ties with other Confederates in the North as well as with old friends in the South, Sutherland provides a detailed and illuminating account of the contributions these displaced southerners made to the financial, literary, artistic, and political life of the nation. The principal characters in Sutherland’s story are Burton Norvell Harrison, who served as private secretary to Jefferson Davis, and his wife, Constance Cary Harrison, a popular belle in wartime Richmond. In 1867 the Harrisons moved to New York City, where they remained for four decades. Their exploits, beliefs, and emotions serve as a prism through which to view the successes and failures of other Confederate carpetbaggers. Although some emigrants returned to the South after brief, unpleasant northern sojourns, others spent the remainder of their lives in the North. Some became millionaires; others suffered poverty and ill health. Some became famous; most settled into tolerable, unobtrusive lives as productive citizens in a reunited nation. Sutherland’s study breaks new and significant ground in explaining the complexities of Reconstruction and late nineteenth-century American life. Traditional approaches to Reconstruction history concentrate on the South, particularly on the plight of freedmen and on the political battle for control of state governments. Some scholars have made passing references to the most prominent Confederates in the North, but until now no one has explored the lives of these men and women in detail. In this entertaining and well-written account, Sutherland suggests that while the Confederate carpetbaggers were relatively few in number, they made significant contributions to American progress in the years following the war—contributions they might not have made had they remained in the South.
A history of Harvard Law School in the twentieth century, focusing on the school’s precipitous decline prior to 1945 and its dramatic postwar resurgence amid national crises and internal discord. By the late nineteenth century, Harvard Law School had transformed legal education and become the preeminent professional school in the nation. But in the early 1900s, HLS came to the brink of financial failure and lagged its peers in scholarly innovation. It also honed an aggressive intellectual culture famously described by Learned Hand: “In the universe of truth, they lived by the sword. They asked no quarter of absolutes, and they gave none.” After World War II, however, HLS roared back. In this magisterial study, Bruce Kimball and Daniel Coquillette chronicle the school’s near collapse and dramatic resurgence across the twentieth century. The school’s struggles resulted in part from a debilitating cycle of tuition dependence, which deepened through the 1940s, as well as the suicides of two deans and the dalliance of another with the Nazi regime. HLS stubbornly resisted the admission of women, Jews, and African Americans, and fell behind the trend toward legal realism. But in the postwar years, under Dean Erwin Griswold, the school’s resurgence began, and Harvard Law would produce such major political and legal figures as Chief Justice John Roberts, Justice Elena Kagan, and President Barack Obama. Even so, the school faced severe crises arising from the civil rights movement, the Vietnam War, Critical Legal Studies, and its failure to enroll and retain people of color and women, including Justice Ruth Bader Ginsburg. Based on hitherto unavailable sources—including oral histories, personal letters, diaries, and financial records—The Intellectual Sword paints a compelling portrait of the law school widely considered the most influential in the world.
Narrative, to correcting some misspellings, and to providing dates and explanatory notes, Daniel Sutherland allows Bevens to tell his story in his own words--a remarkable story of a young Arkansan at war. His unassuming voice will speak to all readers with compelling candor.
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