In 1946, approximately 40,000 U.S. military personnel participated in Operation CROSSROADS, an atmospheric nuclear test that took place at Bikini Atoll in the Marshall Islands. Congress passed a law directing the Veterans Administration to determine whether there were any long-term adverse health effects associated with exposure to ionizing radiation from the detonation of nuclear devices. This book contains the results of an extensive epidemiological study of the mortality of participants compared with a similar group of nonparticipants. Topics of discussion include a breakdown of the study rationale; an overview of other studies of veteran participants in nuclear tests; and descriptions of Operation CROSSROADS, data sources for the study, participant and comparison cohorts, exposure details, mortality ascertainment, and findings and conclusions.
Throughout our history, humans have been fascinated by the possibility of improving the length and quality of life. In the past, this was the purview of poets and philosophers but increasingly this is becoming the hard targets for science and medicine. But what are the social, ethical and economic ramifications of extending life? This book highlights debates between the country's top scientists, political experts, journalists and ethicists as the come face to face to share their futuristic, and often radical, predictions and views. At a time when our country's older population is increasing at an unprecedented rate, these experts cautiously contemplate the public policy consequences of advances in the science of aging. These transcripts are the products of monthly debates and interviews hosted on SAGECrossroads.net, a unique web portal committed to shining a bright and often controversial spotlight on emerging issues surrounding aging research. SAGE Crossroads is an initiative of the American Association for the Advancement of Science, SAGE KE, and the Alliance for Aging Research.
As optical fiber communication systems have moved out of the laboratory and into commercial use over the past several years, the general field of guided wave and coherent optics has undergone a radical transformation. Research in optical communication has turned heavily towards single-mode technology and, totally new phenomena and applications of the existing technology, outside the communication field, have begun to proliferate. It was for this reason that we decided to organize a NATO Advanced Study Institute assembling the leading workers in this new domain, in order to define the state of the art, and, develop an idea of the new directions the field might take. The lectures and seminars presented at this Advanced Study Institute form the basis for this book. The subjects treated can be roughly grouped as : - New phenomena in optical fibers such as non-linear effects, soliton propagation and polarization conservation. - New applications of fibers, to measurements of rotation pressure, temperature etc ... and medical uses. - Advanced and exploratory work on single-mode fiber communica tion systems including the use of coherent transmission schemes and optical amplification. - Recent developments of optical information treatment based on four-wave mixing. - Integrated optical devices and technologies including bistable devices, parametric oscillators, and optical logic. In addition to these major topics, a number of national reviews and specialized seminars treating new guided wave structures and materials are included. The co-editors admit being rather pleased with the result.
Beautiful and enchanting paintings portraying the life of Christ are combined with biblical texts and commentary on the meaning of the art. Sixteen rich reproductions of classic paintings are highlighted.
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