Council of Europe. Directorate General III--Social Cohesion's Books

This publication presents a series of studies conducted by the European Population Committee between 1998 and 2001 together with specialised research institutes in eight European countries: Belgium, Germany, Great Britain, the Netherlands, Switzerland, Norway, Portugal and Estonia. These focus on groups that are well established in several countries to enable comparison. The studies describe the origin of migrants, inflows and outflows of immigrant populations, fertility, family formation, intermarriage, mortality and the spatial distribution in the countries of settlement. They also include a co-ordinated modelling exercise to estimate the demographic impact of immigration on receiving populations since the Second World War.

What international and European legal instruments protect the right to social security? What are the obligations which states have assumed under these instruments? How is their application monitored? What are the trends in national legislation in relation to the standards of the European Code of Social Security and its protocol, the main Council of Europe instruments in the social security field? Is social security considered as a human right and how has the case law of the European Court of Human Rights developed in this area? These are some of the key issues addressed in this publication, where the code and its protocol are viewed against the background of other standard-setting instruments, developments at national level and human rights.

This publication examines the impact of socio-economic policies on social exclusion of vulnerable groups in central and eastern Europe and identifies types, degrees and common characteristics of social deprivation. It also focuses on developing and evaluating regional statistical indicators of social deprivation and investigates the emergence of new forms of social exclusion. It includes case studies from the former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Latvia, Hungary and the Russian Federation.

If we are to build an inclusive institutional culture within the increasingly pluralist societies of 21st century Europe, focusing solely on the development of skills and knowledge is not enough. There have to be changes in the way in which administrative authorities and the organisations providing services to the public view their role and in the action they take. While it is essential for migrants to learn the language of their host country, understanding the codes of conduct, standards, allegiances, rules and exceptions is perhaps an even greater challenge. This clearer understanding of the institutional fabric is an inevitable part of what is termed "integration" and also applies to minorities. Since this process does not occur unassisted, this guide puts forward a number of proposals to help acquire the institutional skills which are vital for understanding, dialogue, guidance, negotiation and conflict resolution, to name but a few. These are all aspects inherent in interaction processes and essential for respecting diversity. This guide is an indispensable tool for public and private operators, social workers, mediators and all other stakeholders aware of the need to incorporate these aspects into their exchanges, particularly when rights and human dignity are at stake. This will help nurture confidence in public institutions and avoid the development of fear or any other barrier which could lead to unequal access - or indeed no access - to social, health-care or other services. Through this work, the Council of Europe reminds us that in pluralist societies the most effective guarantee of successful integration and harmonious co-existence is social justice.

This publication examines the demographic challenges posed by population ageing trends and the policy implications in relation to health, employment, public expenditure and social relationships. It contains two reports prepared for the European Population Conference, held in Strasbourg in April 2005.

This report examines the demographic factors likely to have an impact on social exclusion and poverty, including the patterns of young adults leaving the parental home; family household dynamics; cohabitation and separation; reproductive behaviour, and morbidity. It is based on the international study into the complex relationship between demography and social exclusion. Issues considered include: concepts, data and methodology; social disadvantage and the elderly, one-person and one-parent households; and groups most at risk, such as children in poverty, immigrants experiencing deprivation, and the homeless.

This report studies poverty and social exclusion in central and eastern Europe. The first part of the report describes the impact of social and economic policies on social exclusion of vulnerable groups and identifies types and degrees of social deprivation. The second study focuses on developing and evaluating regional statistical indicators of social deprivation and investigates the emergence of new forms of social exclusion. The report considers common characteristics that drive poverty and social exclusion, such as poor employment situation, adequacy and coverage of social protection syste.

Conclusions of the conference.

Este libro forma parte de una serie de informes escritos para acompañar la investigación publicada por el Consejo de Europa con el título "Community and ethnic relations in Europe" y que trata todos los aspectos de las relaciones entre inmigrantes o grupos étnicos de inmigrantes con la sociedad en la que van a vivir. En este caso se ocupa de la integración laboral de los inmigrantes. 08.

This publication contains guidance on developing a methodological framework for social cohesion indicators which can be applied at local, regional, national and European levels, covering the conceptual approach used and its practical application. It sets out the results of the main applications and trials carried out in 2003 and 2004 and how they tie in with devising a framework of action.

Far from considering the integration problems faced by migrants to be the result of alleged «cultural incompatibility, the articles and conversations in this volume reflect on the combined effects of exclusion stemming from social policy and policy on immigration, employment and nationality. Furthermore, as «intercultural competencies developed in certain hospitals and schools have clearly shown, there are other, much more effective strategies for treating differences in a favourable light which make social rights more accessible to all. These alternative approaches can effectively help to foster social cohesion only if migrants themselves are committed to them, in particular as recognised political players in the European public arena.

Poverty has become a challenge for European societies. Employment is often considered to be a key route out of poverty, whereas unemployment is seen as a major cause of poverty and social exclusion. Employment does not prevent poverty among the working population, however, and low-income employment has become an important policy issue in Europe. Empowerment of those experiencing extreme poverty in their daily life is one strategy to combat this phenomenon. Empowerment provides individuals living in poverty with the tools which enhance their ability to deal with the situation. This publication is designed to assist policy makers and service providers at national and local levels to develop effective strategies to improve the situation of low-income workers and to empower people experiencing extreme poverty in Europe. it is an important contribution To The implementation of the Council of Europe's Revised Social Cohesion Strategy, As well as To The European Year for Combating Poverty and Social Exclusion, launched by the European Union in 2010.

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