Committee to Update Science, Medicine, and Animals's Books

Science, Medicine, and Animals

By: National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Institute for Laboratory Animal Research,Committee to Update Science, Medicine, and Animals

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Science, Medicine, and Animals

By: National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Institute for Laboratory Animal Research,Committee to Update Science, Medicine, and Animals

Science, Medicine, and Animals explains the role that animals play in biomedical research and the ways in which scientists, governments, and citizens have tried to balance the experimental use of animals with a concern for all living creatures. An accompanying Teacher's Guide is available to help teachers of middle and high school students use Science, Medicine, and Animals in the classroom. As students examine the issues in Science, Medicine, and Animals, they will gain a greater understanding of the goals of biomedical research and the real-world practice of the scientific method in general. Science, Medicine, and Animals and the Teacher's Guide were written by the Institute for Laboratory Animal Research and published by the National Research Council of the National Academies. The report was reviewed by a committee made up of experts and scholars with diverse perspectives, including members of the U.S. Department of Agriculture, National Institutes of Health, the Humane Society of the United States, and the American Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals. The Teacher's Guide was reviewed by members of the National Academies' Teacher Associates Network. Science, Medicine, and Animals is recommended by the National Science Teacher's Association.

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National Academies Press

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ISBN 10

0309088941

ISBN 13

9780309088947

Science, Medicine, and Animals

By: National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Institute for Laboratory Animal Research,Committee to Update Science, Medicine, and Animals

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Science, Medicine, and Animals

By: National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Institute for Laboratory Animal Research,Committee to Update Science, Medicine, and Animals

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National Academies Press

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ISBN 10

0309088941

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9780309088947

Animal Care and Management at the National Zoo

Final Report

By: National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Institute for Laboratory Animal Research,Board on Agriculture and Natural Resources,Committee on the Review of the Smithsonian Institution's National Zoological Park

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Animal Care and Management at the National Zoo

Final Report

This report follows up on an interim report released in February 2004 that focused on immediate needs in the areas of animal care and management, recordkeeping, and pest control. The report finds that the zoo has made good-faith efforts to correct deficiencies noted in the interim report and has made some noticeable improvements in the past year in zoo operations and animal care. However, problems in areas such as staff training, workplace culture, and strategic planning still need to be addressed. Specifically, the report recommends that the zoo immediately develop and implement animal-care training programs to ensure that people who are directly responsible for the well-being of its animal collection are adequately prepared and competent. The report commends a zoo-initiated strategic planning process as a positive step, but recommends it contain a more detailed, comprehensive strategy of how it will meet short-term goals and that it should link plans to upgrade facilities with those to acquire animals. The zoo should also focus on improving communication among keepers, veterinarians, nutritionists, senior managers, and curators.

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304

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National Academies Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

0309095832

ISBN 13

9780309095839

Critical Role of Animal Science Research in Food Security and Sustainability

By: National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Sciences,Board on Agriculture and Natural Resources,Policy and Global Affairs,Science and Technology for Sustainability Program,Committee on Considerations for the Future of Animal Science Research

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Critical Role of Animal Science Research in Food Security and Sustainability

By 2050 the world's population is projected to grow by one-third, reaching between 9 and 10 billion. With globalization and expected growth in global affluence, a substantial increase in per capita meat, dairy, and fish consumption is also anticipated. The demand for calories from animal products will nearly double, highlighting the critical importance of the world's animal agriculture system. Meeting the nutritional needs of this population and its demand for animal products will require a significant investment of resources as well as policy changes that are supportive of agricultural production. Ensuring sustainable agricultural growth will be essential to addressing this global challenge to food security. Critical Role of Animal Science Research in Food Security and Sustainability identifies areas of research and development, technology, and resource needs for research in the field of animal agriculture, both nationally and internationally. This report assesses the global demand for products of animal origin in 2050 within the framework of ensuring global food security; evaluates how climate change and natural resource constraints may impact the ability to meet future global demand for animal products in sustainable production systems; and identifies factors that may impact the ability of the United States to meet demand for animal products, including the need for trained human capital, product safety and quality, and effective communication and adoption of new knowledge, information, and technologies. The agricultural sector worldwide faces numerous daunting challenges that will require innovations, new technologies, and new ways of approaching agriculture if the food, feed, and fiber needs of the global population are to be met. The recommendations of Critical Role of Animal Science Research in Food Security and Sustainability will inform a new roadmap for animal science research to meet the challenges of sustainable animal production in the 21st century.

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264

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National Academies Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

0309316472

ISBN 13

9780309316477

Necessity, Use, and Care of Laboratory Dogs at the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs

By: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Health and Medicine Division,Board on Health Sciences Policy,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Institute for Laboratory Animal Research,Committee on Assessment of the Use and Care of Dogs in Biomedical Research Funded by or Conducted at the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs

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Necessity, Use, and Care of Laboratory Dogs at the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs

For many years, laboratory dogs have served as important animal models for biomedical research that has advanced human health. Conducted at the request of the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs (VA), this report assesses whether laboratory dogs are or will continue to be necessary for biomedical research related to the VA's mission. The report concludes that using laboratory dogs in research at the VA is scientifically necessary for only a few areas of current biomedical research. The report recommends that the VA adopt an expanded set of criteria for determining when it is scientifically necessary to use laboratory dogs in VA biomedical research; that the VA promote the development and use of alternatives to laboratory dogs; and highlights opportunities for the VA to enhance the welfare of laboratory dogs that are being used in biomedical research areas for which they have been deemed necessary.

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171

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National Academies Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

0309676444

ISBN 13

9780309676441

Toxicity Testing for Assessment of Environmental Agents

Interim Report

By: National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Institute for Laboratory Animal Research,Board on Environmental Studies and Toxicology,Committee on Toxicity Testing and Assessment of Environmental Agents

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Toxicity Testing for Assessment of Environmental Agents

Interim Report

Toxicity testing in laboratory animals provides much of the information used by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) to assess the hazards and risks associated with exposure to environmental agents that might harm public health or the environment. The data are used to establish maximum acceptable concentrations of environmental agents in drinking water, set permissible limits of exposure of workers, define labeling requirements, establish tolerances for pesticides residues on food, and set other kinds of limits on the basis of risk assessment. Because the number of regulations that require toxicity testing is growing, EPA called for a comprehensive review of established and emerging toxicity-testing methods and strategies. This interim report reviews current toxicity-testing methods and strategies and near-term improvements in toxicity-testing approaches proposed by EPA and others. It identifies several recurring themes and questions in the various reports reviewed. The final report will present a long-range vision and strategic plan to advance the practices of toxicity testing and human health assessment of environmental contaminants.

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271

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National Academies Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

0309100925

ISBN 13

9780309100922

Toxicity Testing in the 21st Century

A Vision and a Strategy

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Toxicity Testing in the 21st Century

A Vision and a Strategy

Advances in molecular biology and toxicology are paving the way for major improvements in the evaluation of the hazards posed by the large number of chemicals found at low levels in the environment. The National Research Council was asked by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency to review the state of the science and create a far-reaching vision for the future of toxicity testing. The book finds that developing, improving, and validating new laboratory tools based on recent scientific advances could significantly improve our ability to understand the hazards and risks posed by chemicals. This new knowledge would lead to much more informed environmental regulations and dramatically reduce the need for animal testing because the new tests would be based on human cells and cell components. Substantial scientific efforts and resources will be required to leverage these new technologies to realize the vision, but the result will be a more efficient, informative and less costly system for assessing the hazards posed by industrial chemicals and pesticides.

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217

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National Academies Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

0309151732

ISBN 13

9780309151733

The Development of Science-based Guidelines for Laboratory Animal Care

Proceedings of the November 2003 International Workshop

By: National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Institute for Laboratory Animal Research,International Workshop on the Development of Science-based Guidelines for Laboratory Animal Care Program Committee

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The Development of Science-based Guidelines for Laboratory Animal Care

Proceedings of the November 2003 International Workshop

The Development of Science-based Guidelines for Laboratory Animal Care is the summary of an international workshop held in Washington, DC, in November 2003 to bring together experts from around the world to discuss the available knowledge that can positively influence current and pending guidelines for laboratory animal care, identify gaps in that knowledge in order to encourage future research endeavors, and discuss the scientific evidence that can be used to assess the benefits and costs of various regulatory approaches affecting facilities, research, and animal welfare.

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262

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National Academies Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

0309093023

ISBN 13

9780309093026

Microbial and Phenotypic Definition of Rats and Mice

Proceedings of the 1998 US/Japan Conference

By: National Research Council,Institute for Laboratory Animal Research,International Committee of the Institute for Laboratory Animal Research

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Microbial and Phenotypic Definition of Rats and Mice

Proceedings of the 1998 US/Japan Conference

By: National Research Council,Institute for Laboratory Animal Research,International Committee of the Institute for Laboratory Animal Research

US-Japan meetings on laboratory animal science have been held virtually every year since 1980 under the US-Japan Cooperative Program on Science and Technology. Over the years these meetings have resulted in a number of important documents including the Manual of Microbiologic of Monitoring of Laboratory Animals published in 1994 and the article Establishment and Preservation of Reference Inbred Strains of Rats for General Purposes published in 1991. In addition to these publications, these meetings have been instrumental in increasing awareness of the need for microbiologic monitoring of laboratory rodents and the need for genetic definition and monitoring of mice and rats.

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114

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National Academies Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

0309065917

ISBN 13

9780309065917

Opportunities in the Nutrition and Food Sciences

Research Challenges and the Next Generation of Investigators

By: Institute of Medicine,Committee on Opportunities in the Nutrition and Food Sciences

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Opportunities in the Nutrition and Food Sciences

Research Challenges and the Next Generation of Investigators

By: Institute of Medicine,Committee on Opportunities in the Nutrition and Food Sciences

Thanks to increased knowledge about nutrition, many threats to human health have been curbed. But there is much more to be learned. This new volume identifies the most promising opportunities for further progress in basic and clinical research in the biological sciences, food science and technology, and public health. The committee identifies cross-cutting themes as frameworks for investigation and offers a history of nutrition and food science research with nine case studies of accomplishments. The core of the volume identifies research opportunities in areas likely to provide the biggest payoffs in enhancing individual and public health. The volume highlights the importance of technology and instrumentation and covers the spectrum from the effects of neurotransmitters on food selection to the impact of federal food programs on public health. The book also explores the training of nutrition and food scientists. This comprehensive resource will be indispensable to investigators, administrators, and funding decisionmakers in government and industry as well as faculty, students, and interested individuals.

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329

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National Academies Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

0309048842

ISBN 13

9780309048842

Critical Needs for Research in Veterinary Science

By: National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Board on Agriculture and Natural Resources,Committee on the National Needs for Research in Veterinary Science

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Critical Needs for Research in Veterinary Science

By: National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Board on Agriculture and Natural Resources,Committee on the National Needs for Research in Veterinary Science

Research in veterinary science is critical for the health and well-being of animals, including humans. Food safety, emerging infectious diseases, the development of new therapies, and the possibility of bioterrorism are examples of issues addressed by veterinary science that have an impact on both human and animal health. However, there is a lack of scientists engaged in veterinary research. Too few veterinarians pursue research careers, and there is a shortage of facilities and funding for conducting research. This report identifies questions and issues that veterinary research can help to address, and discusses the scientific expertise and infrastructure needed to meet the most critical research needs. The report finds that there is an urgent need to provide adequate resources for investigators, training programs, and facilities involved in veterinary research.

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239

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National Academies Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

030909660X

ISBN 13

9780309096607

Book's by Committee to Update Science, Medicine, and Animals

Science, Medicine, and Animals

Science, Medicine, and Animals

Science, Medicine, and Animals

Science, Medicine, and Animals

Animal Care and Management at the National Zoo

Animal Care and Management at the National Zoo

Critical Role of Animal Science Research in Food Security and Sustainability

Critical Role of Animal Science Research in Food Security and Sustainability

Necessity, Use, and Care of Laboratory Dogs at the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs

Necessity, Use, and Care of Laboratory Dogs at the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs

Toxicity Testing for Assessment of Environmental Agents

Toxicity Testing for Assessment of Environmental Agents

Toxicity Testing in the 21st Century

Toxicity Testing in the 21st Century

The Development of Science-based Guidelines for Laboratory Animal Care

The Development of Science-based Guidelines for Laboratory Animal Care

Microbial and Phenotypic Definition of Rats and Mice

Microbial and Phenotypic Definition of Rats and Mice

Opportunities in the Nutrition and Food Sciences

Opportunities in the Nutrition and Food Sciences

Critical Needs for Research in Veterinary Science

Critical Needs for Research in Veterinary Science

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