Committee to Review the Dietary Reference Intakes for Sodium and Potassium's Books

Dietary Reference Intakes for Sodium and Potassium

By: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Health and Medicine Division,Food and Nutrition Board,Committee to Review the Dietary Reference Intakes for Sodium and Potassium

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Dietary Reference Intakes for Sodium and Potassium

By: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Health and Medicine Division,Food and Nutrition Board,Committee to Review the Dietary Reference Intakes for Sodium and Potassium

As essential nutrients, sodium and potassium contribute to the fundamentals of physiology and pathology of human health and disease. In clinical settings, these are two important blood electrolytes, are frequently measured and influence care decisions. Yet, blood electrolyte concentrations are usually not influenced by dietary intake, as kidney and hormone systems carefully regulate blood values. Over the years, increasing evidence suggests that sodium and potassium intake patterns of children and adults influence long-term population health mostly through complex relationships among dietary intake, blood pressure and cardiovascular health. The public health importance of understanding these relationships, based upon the best available evidence and establishing recommendations to support the development of population clinical practice guidelines and medical care of patients is clear. This report reviews evidence on the relationship between sodium and potassium intakes and indicators of adequacy, toxicity, and chronic disease. It updates the Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs) using an expanded DRI model that includes consideration of chronic disease endpoints, and outlines research gaps to address the uncertainties identified in the process of deriving the reference values and evaluating public health implications.

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595

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National Academies Press

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ISBN 10

0309488346

ISBN 13

9780309488341

Dietary Reference Intakes for Sodium and Potassium

By: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Health and Medicine Division,Food and Nutrition Board,Committee to Review the Dietary Reference Intakes for Sodium and Potassium

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Dietary Reference Intakes for Sodium and Potassium

By: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Health and Medicine Division,Food and Nutrition Board,Committee to Review the Dietary Reference Intakes for Sodium and Potassium

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National Academies Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

0309488370

ISBN 13

9780309488372

Dietary Reference Intakes for Water, Potassium, Sodium, Chloride, and Sulfate

By: Institute of Medicine,Food and Nutrition Board,Standing Committee on the Scientific Evaluation of Dietary Reference Intakes,Panel on Dietary Reference Intakes for Electrolytes and Water

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Dietary Reference Intakes for Water, Potassium, Sodium, Chloride, and Sulfate

By: Institute of Medicine,Food and Nutrition Board,Standing Committee on the Scientific Evaluation of Dietary Reference Intakes,Panel on Dietary Reference Intakes for Electrolytes and Water

Dietary Reference Intakes for Water, Potassium, Sodium, Chloride, and Sulfate The Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs) are quantitative estimates of nutrient intakes to be used for planning and assessing diets for healthy people. This new report, the sixth in a series of reports presenting dietary reference values for the intakes of nutrients by Americans and Canadians, establishes nutrient recommendations on water, potassium, and salt for health maintenance and the reduction of chronic disease risk. Dietary Reference Intakes for Water, Potassium, Sodium, Chloride, and Sulfate discusses in detail the role of water, potassium, salt, chloride, and sulfate in human physiology and health. The major findings in this book include the establishment of Adequate Intakes for total water (drinking water, beverages, and food), potassium, sodium, and chloride and the establishment of Tolerable Upper Intake levels for sodium and chloride. The book makes research recommendations for information needed to advance the understanding of human requirements for water and electrolytes, as well as adverse effects associated with the intake of excessive amounts of water, sodium, chloride, potassium, and sulfate. This book will be an invaluable reference for nutritionists, nutrition researchers, and food manufacturers.

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639

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National Academies Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

0309091691

ISBN 13

9780309091695

Dietary Reference Intakes for Calcium and Vitamin D

By: Institute of Medicine,Food and Nutrition Board,Committee to Review Dietary Reference Intakes for Vitamin D and Calcium

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Dietary Reference Intakes for Calcium and Vitamin D

By: Institute of Medicine,Food and Nutrition Board,Committee to Review Dietary Reference Intakes for Vitamin D and Calcium

Calcium and vitamin D are essential nutrients for the human body. Establishing the levels of these nutrients that are needed by the North American population is based on the understanding of the health outcomes that calcium and vitamin D affect. It is also important to establish how much of each nutrient may be "too much." Dietary Reference Intakes for Calcium and Vitamin D provides reference intake values for these two nutrients. The report updates the DRI values defined in Dietary Reference Intakes for Calcium, Phosphorus, Magnesium, Vitamin D, and Fluoride, the 1997 study from the Institute of Medicine. This 2011 book provides background information on the biological functions of each nutrient, reviews health outcomes that are associated with the intake of calcium and vitamin D, and specifies Estimated Average Requirements and Recommended Dietary Allowances for both. It also identifies Tolerable Upper Intake Levels, which are levels above wish the risk for harm may increase. The book includes an overview of current dietary intake in the U.S. and Canada, and discusses implications of the study. A final chapter provides research recommendations. The DRIs established in this book incorporate current scientific evidence about the roles of vitamin D and calcium in human health and will serve as a valuable guide for a range of stakeholders including dietitians and other health professionals, those who set national nutrition policy, researchers, the food industry, and private and public health organizations and partnerships.

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1133

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National Academies Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

0309212030

ISBN 13

9780309212038

Guiding Principles for Developing Dietary Reference Intakes Based on Chronic Disease

By: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Health and Medicine Division,Food and Nutrition Board,Committee on the Development of Guiding Principles for the Inclusion of Chronic Disease Endpoints in Future Dietary Reference Intakes

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Guiding Principles for Developing Dietary Reference Intakes Based on Chronic Disease

Since 1938 and 1941, nutrient intake recommendations have been issued to the public in Canada and the United States, respectively. Currently defined as the Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs), these values are a set of standards established by consensus committees under the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and used for planning and assessing diets of apparently healthy individuals and groups. In 2015, a multidisciplinary working group sponsored by the Canadian and U.S. government DRI steering committees convened to identify key scientific challenges encountered in the use of chronic disease endpoints to establish DRI values. Their report, Options for Basing Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs) on Chronic Disease: Report from a Joint US-/Canadian-Sponsored Working Group, outlined and proposed ways to address conceptual and methodological challenges related to the work of future DRI Committees. This report assesses the options presented in the previous report and determines guiding principles for including chronic disease endpoints for food substances that will be used by future National Academies committees in establishing DRIs.

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335

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National Academies Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

0309462568

ISBN 13

9780309462563

Sodium Intake in Populations

Assessment of Evidence

By: Institute of Medicine,Board on Population Health and Public Health Practice,Food and Nutrition Board,Committee on the Consequences of Sodium Reduction in Populations

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Sodium Intake in Populations

Assessment of Evidence

By: Institute of Medicine,Board on Population Health and Public Health Practice,Food and Nutrition Board,Committee on the Consequences of Sodium Reduction in Populations

Despite efforts over the past several decades to reduce sodium intake in the United States, adults still consume an average of 3,400 mg of sodium every day. A number of scientific bodies and professional health organizations, including the American Heart Association, the American Medical Association, and the American Public Health Association, support reducing dietary sodium intake. These organizations support a common goal to reduce daily sodium intake to less than 2,300 milligrams and further reduce intake to 1,500 mg among persons who are 51 years of age and older and those of any age who are African-American or have hypertension, diabetes, or chronic kidney disease. A substantial body of evidence supports these efforts to reduce sodium intake. This evidence links excessive dietary sodium to high blood pressure, a surrogate marker for cardiovascular disease (CVD), stroke, and cardiac-related mortality. However, concerns have been raised that a low sodium intake may adversely affect certain risk factors, including blood lipids and insulin resistance, and thus potentially increase risk of heart disease and stroke. In fact, several recent reports have challenged sodium reduction in the population as a strategy to reduce this risk. Sodium Intake in Populations recognizes the limitations of the available evidence, and explains that there is no consistent evidence to support an association between sodium intake and either a beneficial or adverse effect on most direct health outcomes other than some CVD outcomes (including stroke and CVD mortality) and all-cause mortality. Some evidence suggested that decreasing sodium intake could possibly reduce the risk of gastric cancer. However, the evidence was too limited to conclude the converse-that higher sodium intake could possibly increase the risk of gastric cancer. Interpreting these findings was particularly challenging because most studies were conducted outside the United States in populations consuming much higher levels of sodium than those consumed in this country. Sodium Intake in Populations is a summary of the findings and conclusions on evidence for associations between sodium intake and risk of CVD-related events and mortality.

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225

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National Academies Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

0309282985

ISBN 13

9780309282987

Dietary Reference Intakes

Guiding Principles for Nutrition Labeling and Fortification

By: Institute of Medicine,Food and Nutrition Board,Committee on Use of Dietary Reference Intakes in Nutrition Labeling

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Dietary Reference Intakes

Guiding Principles for Nutrition Labeling and Fortification

By: Institute of Medicine,Food and Nutrition Board,Committee on Use of Dietary Reference Intakes in Nutrition Labeling

Since 1997, the Institute of Medicine has issued a series of nutrient reference values that are collectively termed Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs). The DRIs offer quantitative estimates of nutrient intakes to be used for planning and assessing diets. Using the information from these reports, this newest volume in the DRI series focuses on how the DRIs, and the science for each nutrient in the DRI reports, can be used to develop current and appropriate reference values for nutrition labeling and food fortification. Focusing its analysis on the existing DRIs, the book examines the purpose of nutrition labeling, current labeling practices in the United States and Canada, food fortification practices and policies, and offers recommendations as a series of guiding principles to assist the regulatory agencies that oversee food labeling and fortification in the United States and Canada. The overarching goal of the information in this book is to provide updated nutrition labeling that consumers can use to compare products and make informed food choices. Diet-related chronic diseases are a leading cause of preventable deaths in the United States and Canada and helping customers make healthy food choices has never been more important.

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225

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National Academies Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

0309091322

ISBN 13

9780309091329

Nutrient Composition of Rations for Short-Term, High-Intensity Combat Operations

By: Institute of Medicine,Food and Nutrition Board,Committee on Military Nutrition Research,Committee on Optimization of Nutrient Composition of Military Rations for Short-Term, High-Stress Situations

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Nutrient Composition of Rations for Short-Term, High-Intensity Combat Operations

Recognizing the importance of good nutrition for physical and mental status, the Department of Defense asked the Institute of Medicine to guide the design of the nutritional composition of a ration for soldiers on short-term, high-stress missions. Nutrient Composition of Rations for Short-Term, High-Intensity Combat Operations considers military performance, health concerns, food intake, energy expenditure, physical exercise, and food technology issues. The success of military operations depends to a large extent on the physical and mental status of the individuals involved. Appropriate nutrition during assault missions is a continuous challenge mainly due to diminished appetites of individuals under stress. Many less controllable and unpredictable factors, such as individual preferences and climate, come into play to reduce appetite. In fact, soldiers usually consume about half of the calories needed, leaving them in a state called "negative energy balance." The consequences of being in negative energy balance while under these circumstances range from weight loss to fatigue to mental impairments. An individual's physiological and nutritional status can markedly affect one's ability to maximize performance during missions and may compromise effectiveness. With the number of these missions increasing, the optimization of rations has become a high priority.

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463

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National Academies Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

0309096413

ISBN 13

9780309096416

Sodium Intake in Populations

Assessment of Evidence

By: Institute of Medicine,Board on Population Health and Public Health Practice,Food and Nutrition Board,Committee on the Consequences of Sodium Reduction in Populations

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Sodium Intake in Populations

Assessment of Evidence

By: Institute of Medicine,Board on Population Health and Public Health Practice,Food and Nutrition Board,Committee on the Consequences of Sodium Reduction in Populations

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225

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National Academies Press

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ISBN 10

0309282950

ISBN 13

9780309282956

Strategies to Reduce Sodium Intake in the United States

By: Institute of Medicine,Food and Nutrition Board,Committee on Strategies to Reduce Sodium Intake

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Strategies to Reduce Sodium Intake in the United States

By: Institute of Medicine,Food and Nutrition Board,Committee on Strategies to Reduce Sodium Intake

Reducing the intake of sodium is an important public health goal for Americans. Since the 1970s, an array of public health interventions and national dietary guidelines has sought to reduce sodium intake. However, the U.S. population still consumes more sodium than is recommended, placing individuals at risk for diseases related to elevated blood pressure. Strategies to Reduce Sodium Intake in the United States evaluates and makes recommendations about strategies that could be implemented to reduce dietary sodium intake to levels recommended by the Dietary Guidelines for Americans. The book reviews past and ongoing efforts to reduce the sodium content of the food supply and to motivate consumers to change behavior. Based on past lessons learned, the book makes recommendations for future initiatives. It is an excellent resource for federal and state public health officials, the processed food and food service industries, health care professionals, consumer advocacy groups, and academic researchers.

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506

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National Academies Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

0309148057

ISBN 13

9780309148054

Guiding Principles for Developing Dietary Reference Intakes Based on Chronic Disease

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Guiding Principles for Developing Dietary Reference Intakes Based on Chronic Disease

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335

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National Academies Press

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ISBN 10

0309462568

ISBN 13

9780309462563

Dietary Reference Intakes

Guiding Principles for Nutrition Labeling and Fortification

By: Institute of Medicine,Food and Nutrition Board,Committee on Use of Dietary Reference Intakes in Nutrition Labeling

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Dietary Reference Intakes

Guiding Principles for Nutrition Labeling and Fortification

By: Institute of Medicine,Food and Nutrition Board,Committee on Use of Dietary Reference Intakes in Nutrition Labeling

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225

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National Academies Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

0309091322

ISBN 13

9780309091329

Dietary Reference Intakes

Applications in Dietary Assessment

By: Institute of Medicine,Food and Nutrition Board,Standing Committee on the Scientific Evaluation of Dietary Reference Intakes,Subcommittee on Interpretation and Uses of Dietary Reference Intakes

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Dietary Reference Intakes

Applications in Dietary Assessment

By: Institute of Medicine,Food and Nutrition Board,Standing Committee on the Scientific Evaluation of Dietary Reference Intakes,Subcommittee on Interpretation and Uses of Dietary Reference Intakes

Since 1994 the Institute of Medicine's Food and Nutrition Board has been involved in developing an expanded approach to developing dietary reference standards. This approach, the Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs), provides a set of four nutrient-based reference values designed to replace the Recommended Dietary Allowances (RDAs) in the United States and the Recommended Nutrient Intakes (RNIs) in Canada. These reference values include Estimated Average Requirement (EAR), Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA), Adequate Intake (AI), and Tolerable Upper Intake Level (UL). To date, several volumes in this series have been published. This new book, Applications in Dietary Assessment, provides guidance to nutrition and health research professionals on the application of the new DRIs. It represents both a "how to" manual and a "why" manual. Specific examples of both appropriate and inappropriate uses of the DRIs in assessing nutrient adequacy of groups and of individuals are provided, along with detailed statistical approaches for the methods described. In addition, a clear distinction is made between assessing individuals and assessing groups as the approaches used are quite different. Applications in Dietary Assessment will be an essential companion to any-or all-of the DRI volumes.

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305

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National Academies Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

030917161X

ISBN 13

9780309171618

Dietary Reference Intakes for Thiamin, Riboflavin, Niacin, Vitamin B6, Folate, Vitamin B12, Pantothenic Acid, Biotin, and Choline

By: Institute of Medicine,Food and Nutrition Board,Subcommittee on Upper Reference Levels of Nutrients,Standing Committee on the Scientific Evaluation of Dietary Reference Intakes and its Panel on Folate, Other B Vitamins, and Choline

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Dietary Reference Intakes for Thiamin, Riboflavin, Niacin, Vitamin B6, Folate, Vitamin B12, Pantothenic Acid, Biotin, and Choline

Since 1941, Recommended Dietary Allowances (RDAs) has been recognized as the most authoritative source of information on nutrient levels for healthy people. Since publication of the 10th edition in 1989, there has been rising awareness of the impact of nutrition on chronic disease. In light of new research findings and a growing public focus on nutrition and health, the expert panel responsible for formulation RDAs reviewed and expanded its approachâ€"the result: Dietary Reference Intakes. This new series of references greatly extends the scope and application of previous nutrient guidelines. For each nutrient the book presents what is known about how the nutrient functions in the human body, what the best method is to determine its requirements, which factors (caffeine or exercise, for example) may affect how it works, and how the nutrient may be related to chronic disease. This volume of the series presents information about thiamin, riboflavin, niacin, vitamin B6, folate, vitamin B12, pantothenic acid, biotin, and choline. Based on analysis of nutrient metabolism in humans and data on intakes in the U.S. population, the committee recommends intakes for each age groupâ€"from the first days of life through childhood, sexual maturity, midlife, and the later years. Recommendations for pregnancy and lactation also are made, and the book identifies when intake of a nutrient may be too much. Representing a new paradigm for the nutrition community, Dietary Reference Intakes encompasses: Estimated Average Requirements (EARs). These are used to set Recommended Dietary Allowances. Recommended Dietary Allowances (RDAs). Intakes that meet the RDA are likely to meet the nutrient requirement of nearly all individuals in a life-stage and gender group. Adequate Intakes (AIs). These are used instead of RDAs when an EAR cannot be calculated. Both the RDA and the AI may be used as goals for individual intake. Tolerable Upper Intake Levels (ULs). Intakes below the UL are unlikely to pose risks of adverse health effects in healthy people. This new framework encompasses both essential nutrients and other food components thought to pay a role in health, such as dietary fiber. It incorporates functional endpoints and examines the relationship between dose and response in determining adequacy and the hazards of excess intake for each nutrient.

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592

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National Academies Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

0309064112

ISBN 13

9780309064118

Redesigning the Process for Establishing the Dietary Guidelines for Americans

By: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Health and Medicine Division,Food and Nutrition Board,Committee to Review the Process to Update the Dietary Guidelines for Americans

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Redesigning the Process for Establishing the Dietary Guidelines for Americans

By: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Health and Medicine Division,Food and Nutrition Board,Committee to Review the Process to Update the Dietary Guidelines for Americans

What foods should Americans eat to promote their health, and in what amounts? What is the scientific evidence that supports specific recommendations for dietary intake to reduce the risk of multifactorial chronic disease? These questions are critically important because dietary intake has been recognized to have a role as a key determinant of health. As the primary federal source of consistent, evidence-based information on dietary practices for optimal nutrition, the Dietary Guidelines for Americans (DGA) have the promise to empower Americans to make informed decisions about what and how much they eat to improve health and reduce the risk of chronic disease. The adoption and widespread translation of the DGA requires that they be universally viewed as valid, evidence-based, and free of bias and conflicts of interest to the extent possible. However, this has not routinely been the case. A first short report meant to inform the 2020 review cycle explored how the advisory committee selection process can be improved to provide more transparency, eliminate bias, and include committee members with a range of viewpoints. This second and final report recommends changes to the DGA process to reduce and manage sources of bias and conflicts of interest, improve timely opportunities for engagement by all interested parties, enhance transparency, and strengthen the science base of the process.

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287

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National Academies Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

0309464854

ISBN 13

9780309464857

Scanning for New Evidence on Riboflavin to Support a Dietary Reference Intake Review

By: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,National Academies Of Sciences Engineeri,Health and Medicine Division,Food and Nutrition Board,Committee on Scanning for New Evidence on Riboflavin to Support a Dietary Reference Intake Review

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Scanning for New Evidence on Riboflavin to Support a Dietary Reference Intake Review

The Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs) are a set of evidence-based nutrient reference values for intakes that include the full range of age, gender, and life stage groups in the US and Canada. At the request of the U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service and the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Food and Drug Administration, Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, the National Academies of Science, Engineering, and Medicine convened an ad hoc committee to carry out a literature search and evidence scan of the peer-reviewed published literature on indicators of nutritional requirements, toxicity, and chronic disease risk reduction for riboflavin. Scanning for New Evidence on Riboflavin to Support a Dietary Reference Intake Review builds on the methodology for evidence scanning nutrients (which have existing DRIs) to determine whether there is new and relevant knowledge available that may merit a formal reexamination of DRIs for riboflavin. This report offers comments on the methodological approach to the evidence scan and discusses its findings and interpretation of the process to provide the study sponsors with a greater context to support their interpretation and application of the reported results.

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ISBN 10

0309675456

ISBN 13

9780309675451

Evolution of Evidence for Selected Nutrient and Disease Relationships

By: Committee on Examination of the Evolving Science for Dietary Supplements,Food and Nutrition Board,Institute of Medicine

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Evolution of Evidence for Selected Nutrient and Disease Relationships

By: Committee on Examination of the Evolving Science for Dietary Supplements,Food and Nutrition Board,Institute of Medicine

The Committee on Examination of the Evolving Science for Dietary Supplements of the Institute of Medicine's Food and Nutrition Board was directed to review, retrospectively, selected case studies of diet and health relationships that were relevant to dietary supplements and identified as important in the National Research Council report, Diet and Health: Implications for Chronic Disease Risk (D&H) (NRC, 1989). It was then to determine the extent to which subsequent scientific evidence from the peerreviewed literature used in published reports from the Dietary Reference Intakes (DRI) series (IOM, 1997, 1998, 2000a, 2001) either agreed with the preliminary evidence used to support the relationship identified originally in the 1989 review or significantly modified the original hypotheses and preliminary conclusions. The committee's analysis was to include characteristics of research with apparent high probability of predicting future confirmation by new science in support of a diet and health relationship. It also was to consider characteristics of information useful to consumers that would allow them to make scientifically informed judgments about the role that a specific food component or nutrient plays in health.

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National Academies Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

0309083788

ISBN 13

9780309083782

Front-of-Package Nutrition Rating Systems and Symbols

Phase I Report

By: Institute of Medicine,Food and Nutrition Board,Committee on Examination of Front-of-Package Nutrition Rating Systems and Symbols

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Front-of-Package Nutrition Rating Systems and Symbols

Phase I Report

By: Institute of Medicine,Food and Nutrition Board,Committee on Examination of Front-of-Package Nutrition Rating Systems and Symbols

The federal government requires that most packaged foods carry a standardized label-the Nutrition Facts panel-that provides nutrition information intended to help consumers make healthful choices. In recent years, manufacturers have begun to include additional nutrition messages on their food packages. These messages are commonly referred to as 'front-of-package' (FOP) labeling. As FOP labeling has multiplied, it has become easy for consumers to be confused about critical nutrition information. In considering how FOP labeling should be used as a nutrition education tool in the future, Congress directed the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention to undertake a two-phase study with the IOM on FOP nutrition rating systems and nutrition-related symbols. The Food and Drug Administration is also a sponsor. In Phase 1 of its study, the IOM reviewed current systems and examined the strength and limitations of the nutrition criteria that underlie them. The IOM concludes that it would be useful for FOP labeling to display calorie information and serving sizes in familiar household measures. In addition, as FOP systems may have the greatest benefit if the nutrients displayed are limited to those most closely related to prominent health conditions, FOP labeling should provide information on saturated fats, trans fats, and sodium.

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140

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National Academies Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

0309158273

ISBN 13

9780309158275

Proposed Criteria for Selecting the WIC Food Packages

A Preliminary Report of the Committee to Review the WIC Food Packages

By: Institute of Medicine,Food and Nutrition Board,Committee to Review the WIC Food Packages

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Proposed Criteria for Selecting the WIC Food Packages

A Preliminary Report of the Committee to Review the WIC Food Packages

By: Institute of Medicine,Food and Nutrition Board,Committee to Review the WIC Food Packages

Started in 1974, the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) was designed to meet the special nutritional needs of low-income pregnant, breastfeeding, or postpartum women; infants; and children up to 5 years of age who have at least one nutritional risk factor. The WIC Program provides three main benefits: supplemental foods, nutrition education, and referrals to health and social services. Since the inception of the WIC program, substantial changes in size and demographics of the population, food supply and dietary patterns, and health concerns have made it necessary to review the WIC food packages. Proposed Criteria for Selecting the WIC Food Packages proposes priority nutrients and general nutrition recommendations for the WIC program, and recommends specific changes to the WIC packages.

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132

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National Academies Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

0309092981

ISBN 13

9780309092982

Book's by Committee to Review the Dietary Reference Intakes for Sodium and Potassium

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