Committee on the Use of Laboratory Animals in Biomedical and Behavioral Research's Books

Use of Laboratory Animals in Biomedical and Behavioral Research

By: National Research Council,Institute of Medicine,Institute for Laboratory Animal Research,Commission on Life Sciences,Committee on the Use of Laboratory Animals in Biomedical and Behavioral Research

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Use of Laboratory Animals in Biomedical and Behavioral Research

Scientific experiments using animals have contributed significantly to the improvement of human health. Animal experiments were crucial to the conquest of polio, for example, and they will undoubtedly be one of the keystones in AIDS research. However, some persons believe that the cost to the animals is often high. Authored by a committee of experts from various fields, this book discusses the benefits that have resulted from animal research, the scope of animal research today, the concerns of advocates of animal welfare, and the prospects for finding alternatives to animal use. The authors conclude with specific recommendations for more consistent government action.

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113

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National Academies Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

0309038391

ISBN 13

9780309038393

Use of Laboratory Animals in Biomedical and Behavioral Research

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Use of Laboratory Animals in Biomedical and Behavioral Research

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113

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National Academies Press

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ISBN 10

0309038391

ISBN 13

9780309038393

Rodents

By: National Research Council,Commission on Life Sciences,Institute for Laboratory Animal Research,Committee on Rodents

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Rodents

By: National Research Council,Commission on Life Sciences,Institute for Laboratory Animal Research,Committee on Rodents

In the 15 years since the last Institute of Laboratory Animal Resources report on the general management of rodents was published, important advances in biomedical research and increased public awareness have created a new environment for animal research. Modern technology-such as insertion of functional genes from other species into mice or rats, elimination of a single selected gene or function in mice, and the re-creation of elements of the human immune system in mice-has greatly expanded the usefulness of rodents in drug development and as models of human diseases. The technologic requirements of such advanced systems have led to improved understanding and implementation of environmental requirements for the care and use of rodents in research. The intent of this report is to provide current information to laboratory animal scientists (including both animal-care technicians and veterinarians), investigators, research technicians, and administrators on general elements of rodent care and use that should be considered both for optimal design and conduct of research and to meet current standards of care and use.

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180

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National Academies Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

0309049369

ISBN 13

9780309049368

Rodents

By: Committee on Rodents,Institute for Laboratory Animal Research,Commission on Life Sciences,National Research Council

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Rodents

By: Committee on Rodents,Institute for Laboratory Animal Research,Commission on Life Sciences,National Research Council

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180

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National Academies Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

0309585775

ISBN 13

9780309585774

Chimpanzees in Biomedical and Behavioral Research

Assessing the Necessity

By: National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Board on Life Sciences,Institute of Medicine,Board on Health Sciences Policy,Committee on the Use of Chimpanzees in Biomedical and Behavioral Research

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Chimpanzees in Biomedical and Behavioral Research

Assessing the Necessity

For many years, experiments using chimpanzees have been instrumental in advancing scientific knowledge and have led to new medicines to prevent life-threatening and debilitating diseases. However, recent advances in alternate research tools have rendered chimpanzees largely unnecessary as research subjects. The Institute of Medicine, in collaboration with the National Research Council, conducted an in-depth analysis of the scientific necessity for chimpanzees in NIH-funded biomedical and behavioral research. The committee concludes that while the chimpanzee has been a valuable animal model in the past, most current biomedical research use of chimpanzees is not necessary, though noted that it is impossible to predict whether research on emerging or new diseases may necessitate chimpanzees in the future.

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200

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National Academies Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

0309220394

ISBN 13

9780309220392

Guidelines for the Care and Use of Mammals in Neuroscience and Behavioral Research

By: National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Institute for Laboratory Animal Research,Committee on Guidelines for the Use of Animals in Neuroscience and Behavioral Research

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Guidelines for the Care and Use of Mammals in Neuroscience and Behavioral Research

By: National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Institute for Laboratory Animal Research,Committee on Guidelines for the Use of Animals in Neuroscience and Behavioral Research

Expanding on the National Research Council's Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals, this book deals specifically with mammals in neuroscience and behavioral research laboratories. It offers flexible guidelines for the care of these animals, and guidance on adapting these guidelines to various situations without hindering the research process. Guidelines for the Care and Use of Mammals in Neuroscience and Behavioral Research offers a more in-depth treatment of concerns specific to these disciplines than any previous guide on animal care and use. It treats on such important subjects as: The important role that the researcher and veterinarian play in developing animal protocols. Methods for assessing and ensuring an animal's well-being. General animal-care elements as they apply to neuroscience and behavioral research, and common animal welfare challenges this research can pose. The use of professional judgment and careful interpretation of regulations and guidelines to develop performance standards ensuring animal well-being and high-quality research. Guidelines for the Care and Use of Mammals in Neuroscience and Behavioral Research treats the development and evaluation of animal-use protocols as a decision-making process, not just a decision. To this end, it presents the most current, in-depth information about the best practices for animal care and use, as they pertain to the intricacies of neuroscience and behavioral research.

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224

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National Academies Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

0309089034

ISBN 13

9780309089036

Biomedical Models and Resources

Current Needs and Future Opportunities

By: National Research Council,Commission on Life Sciences,Institute for Laboratory Animal Research,Committee on New and Emerging Models in Biomedical and Behavioral Research

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Biomedical Models and Resources

Current Needs and Future Opportunities

By: National Research Council,Commission on Life Sciences,Institute for Laboratory Animal Research,Committee on New and Emerging Models in Biomedical and Behavioral Research

Printbegrænsninger: Der kan printes 10 sider ad gangen og max. 40 sider pr. session.

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National Academies Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

0309060354

ISBN 13

9780309060356

Recognition and Alleviation of Pain in Laboratory Animals

By: National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Institute for Laboratory Animal Research,Committee on Recognition and Alleviation of Pain in Laboratory Animals

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Recognition and Alleviation of Pain in Laboratory Animals

By: National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Institute for Laboratory Animal Research,Committee on Recognition and Alleviation of Pain in Laboratory Animals

The use of animals in research adheres to scientific and ethical principles that promote humane care and practice. Scientific advances in our understanding of animal physiology and behavior often require theories to be revised and standards of practice to be updated to improve laboratory animal welfare. Recognition and Alleviation of Pain in Laboratory Animals, the second of two reports revising the 1992 publication Recognition and Alleviation of Pain and Distress in Laboratory Animals from the Institute for Laboratory Animal Research (ILAR), focuses on pain experienced by animals used in research. This book aims to educate laboratory animal veterinarians; students, researchers and investigators; Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee members; and animal care staff and animal welfare officers on the current scientific and ethical issues associated with pain in laboratory animals. It evaluates pertinent scientific literature to generate practical and pragmatic guidelines for recognizing and alleviating pain in laboratory animals, focusing specifically on the following areas: physiology of pain in commonly used laboratory species; pharmacologic and non-pharmacologic principles to control pain; identification of humane endpoints; and principles for minimizing pain associated with experimental procedures. Finally, the report identifies areas in which further scientific investigation is needed to improve laboratory animal welfare.

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198

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National Academies Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

030912834X

ISBN 13

9780309128346

Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals

Eighth Edition

By: National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Institute for Laboratory Animal Research,Committee for the Update of the Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals

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Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals

Eighth Edition

By: National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Institute for Laboratory Animal Research,Committee for the Update of the Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals

A respected resource for decades, the Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals has been updated by a committee of experts, taking into consideration input from the scientific and laboratory animal communities and the public at large. The Guide incorporates new scientific information on common laboratory animals, including aquatic species, and includes extensive references. It is organized around major components of animal use: Key concepts of animal care and use. The Guide sets the framework for the humane care and use of laboratory animals. Animal care and use program. The Guide discusses the concept of a broad Program of Animal Care and Use, including roles and responsibilities of the Institutional Official, Attending Veterinarian and the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee. Animal environment, husbandry, and management. A chapter on this topic is now divided into sections on terrestrial and aquatic animals and provides recommendations for housing and environment, husbandry, behavioral and population management, and more. Veterinary care. The Guide discusses veterinary care and the responsibilities of the Attending Veterinarian. It includes recommendations on animal procurement and transportation, preventive medicine (including animal biosecurity), and clinical care and management. The Guide addresses distress and pain recognition and relief, and issues surrounding euthanasia. Physical plant. The Guide identifies design issues, providing construction guidelines for functional areas; considerations such as drainage, vibration and noise control, and environmental monitoring; and specialized facilities for animal housing and research needs. The Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals provides a framework for the judgments required in the management of animal facilities. This updated and expanded resource of proven value will be important to scientists and researchers, veterinarians, animal care personnel, facilities managers, institutional administrators, policy makers involved in research issues, and animal welfare advocates.

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246

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National Academies Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

0309154006

ISBN 13

9780309154000

Recognition and Alleviation of Distress in Laboratory Animals

By: National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Institute for Laboratory Animal Research,Committee on Recognition and Alleviation of Distress in Laboratory Animals

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Recognition and Alleviation of Distress in Laboratory Animals

By: National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Institute for Laboratory Animal Research,Committee on Recognition and Alleviation of Distress in Laboratory Animals

Scientific advances in our understanding of animal physiology and behavior often require theories to be revised and standards of practice to be updated to improve laboratory animal welfare. This new book from the Institute for Laboratory Animal Research (ILAR) at the National Research Council, Recognition and Alleviation of Distress in Laboratory Animals, focuses on the stress and distress which is experienced by animals when used in laboratory research. This book aims to educate laboratory animal veterinarians; students, researchers, and investigators; animal care staff, as well as animal welfare officers on the current scientific and ethical issues associated with stress and distress in laboratory animals. It evaluates pertinent scientific literature to generate practical and pragmatic guidelines. Recognition and Alleviation of Distress in Laboratory Animals focuses specifically on the scientific understanding of the causes and the functions of stress and distress, the transformation of stress to distress, and the identification of principles for the recognition and alleviation of distress. This book discusses the role of humane endpoints in situations of distress and principles for the minimization of distress in laboratory animals. It also identifies areas in which further scientific investigation is needed to improve laboratory animal welfare in order to adhere to scientific and ethical principles that promote humane care and practice.

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137

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National Academies Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

0309108179

ISBN 13

9780309108171

Necessity, Use, and Care of Laboratory Dogs at the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs

By: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Health and Medicine Division,Board on Health Sciences Policy,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Institute for Laboratory Animal Research,Committee on Assessment of the Use and Care of Dogs in Biomedical Research Funded by or Conducted at the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs

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Necessity, Use, and Care of Laboratory Dogs at the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs

For many years, laboratory dogs have served as important animal models for biomedical research that has advanced human health. Conducted at the request of the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs (VA), this report assesses whether laboratory dogs are or will continue to be necessary for biomedical research related to the VA's mission. The report concludes that using laboratory dogs in research at the VA is scientifically necessary for only a few areas of current biomedical research. The report recommends that the VA adopt an expanded set of criteria for determining when it is scientifically necessary to use laboratory dogs in VA biomedical research; that the VA promote the development and use of alternatives to laboratory dogs; and highlights opportunities for the VA to enhance the welfare of laboratory dogs that are being used in biomedical research areas for which they have been deemed necessary.

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171

Publisher

National Academies Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

0309676444

ISBN 13

9780309676441

Education and Training in the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals

A Guide for Developing Institutional Programs

By: National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Institute for Laboratory Animal Research,Commission on Life Sciences,Committee on Educational Programs in Laboratory Animal Science

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Education and Training in the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals

A Guide for Developing Institutional Programs

By: National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Institute for Laboratory Animal Research,Commission on Life Sciences,Committee on Educational Programs in Laboratory Animal Science

Federal law now requires that institutions provide training for anyone caring for or using laboratory animals. This volume provides the guidelines and resources needed to coordinate a quality training program, as well as to meet all legal requirements. A core module for all personnel takes no more than four hours to present. Most staff then proceed to one or more additional skills-development modules including the species-specific module that can be customized to any species in use at the institution, the pain management module, and the surgery module. The volume provides content information for required topics-from ethics to record keeping-and lists sources of additional publications, audiovisual programs, and computerized teaching aids. Included are: Ready-to-use teaching outlines, with detailed instructions for presenting material. Practical guidelines on logistics, covering scheduling, budgeting, and more. Guidelines on how to design training for adults and how to work with investigators who may resist taking training courses. This practical guidebook will be necessary for research institutions, particularly for staff members responsible for training coordination.

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152

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National Academies Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

0309043824

ISBN 13

9780309043823

Animal Models for Assessing Countermeasures to Bioterrorism Agents

By: National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Institute for Laboratory Animal Research,Committee on Animal Models for Assessing Countermeasures to Bioterrorism Agents

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Animal Models for Assessing Countermeasures to Bioterrorism Agents

By: National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Institute for Laboratory Animal Research,Committee on Animal Models for Assessing Countermeasures to Bioterrorism Agents

The Transformational Medical Technologies (TMT) has been a unique component of the U.S. Department of Defense (DoD) medical biodefense efforts since 2006. Its mission is to advance countermeasure research and development in support of the broader goal of the DoD to protect warfighters from emerging infectious diseases and future genetically engineered biological weapons. The TMT, using advanced science and technology approaches, focused on the development of roadspectrum countermeasures that target common host and pathogen pathways or enhance the host's immune response. Many of these pathogens are lethal or cause such debilitating diseases in humans that it is ethically inappropriate to test the efficacy of these countermeasures in human volunteers. In lieu of human participants, these products may be tested in animals and approved for human use under the provisions of the Food and Drug Administration (FDA)'s 2002 Animal Rule. The reliance on animal models for the development and licensure of medical countermeasures against biothreats is challenging for a number of reasons. The ad hoc Committee on Animal Models for Assessing Countermeasures to Bioterrorism Agents prepared a consensus report that would address the challenges stemming from developing and testing medical countermeasures against biothreat agents in animal models. Animal Models for Assessing Countermeasures to Bioterrorism Agents evaluates how well the existing TMT-employed or candidate animal models reflect the pathophysiology, clinical picture, and treatment of human disease as related to the agents of interest. The report addresses the process and/or feasibility of developing new animal models for critical biodefense research, placing emphasis on the need for a robust and expeditious validation process in terms of the FDA's Animal Rule. The report also evaluates alternatives to the use of animal models based on the premise of the Three Rs.

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152

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National Academies Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

0309219094

ISBN 13

9780309219099

Animal Care and Management at the National Zoo

Final Report

By: National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Institute for Laboratory Animal Research,Board on Agriculture and Natural Resources,Committee on the Review of the Smithsonian Institution's National Zoological Park

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Animal Care and Management at the National Zoo

Final Report

This report follows up on an interim report released in February 2004 that focused on immediate needs in the areas of animal care and management, recordkeeping, and pest control. The report finds that the zoo has made good-faith efforts to correct deficiencies noted in the interim report and has made some noticeable improvements in the past year in zoo operations and animal care. However, problems in areas such as staff training, workplace culture, and strategic planning still need to be addressed. Specifically, the report recommends that the zoo immediately develop and implement animal-care training programs to ensure that people who are directly responsible for the well-being of its animal collection are adequately prepared and competent. The report commends a zoo-initiated strategic planning process as a positive step, but recommends it contain a more detailed, comprehensive strategy of how it will meet short-term goals and that it should link plans to upgrade facilities with those to acquire animals. The zoo should also focus on improving communication among keepers, veterinarians, nutritionists, senior managers, and curators.

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304

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National Academies Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

0309095832

ISBN 13

9780309095839

Book's by Committee on the Use of Laboratory Animals in Biomedical and Behavioral Research

Use of Laboratory Animals in Biomedical and Behavioral Research

Use of Laboratory Animals in Biomedical and Behavioral Research

Use of Laboratory Animals in Biomedical and Behavioral Research

Use of Laboratory Animals in Biomedical and Behavioral Research

Rodents

Rodents

Rodents

Rodents

Chimpanzees in Biomedical and Behavioral Research

Chimpanzees in Biomedical and Behavioral Research

Guidelines for the Care and Use of Mammals in Neuroscience and Behavioral Research

Guidelines for the Care and Use of Mammals in Neuroscience and Behavioral Research

Biomedical Models and Resources

Biomedical Models and Resources

Recognition and Alleviation of Pain in Laboratory Animals

Recognition and Alleviation of Pain in Laboratory Animals

Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals

Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals

Recognition and Alleviation of Distress in Laboratory Animals

Recognition and Alleviation of Distress in Laboratory Animals

Necessity, Use, and Care of Laboratory Dogs at the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs

Necessity, Use, and Care of Laboratory Dogs at the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs

Education and Training in the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals

Education and Training in the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals

Animal Models for Assessing Countermeasures to Bioterrorism Agents

Animal Models for Assessing Countermeasures to Bioterrorism Agents

Animal Care and Management at the National Zoo

Animal Care and Management at the National Zoo

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