Committee on the Potential Impact of High-End Computing on Illustrative Fields of Science and Engineering's Books

The Potential Impact of High-End Capability Computing on Four Illustrative Fields of Science and Engineering

By: National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences,Committee on the Potential Impact of High-End Computing on Illustrative Fields of Science and Engineering

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The Potential Impact of High-End Capability Computing on Four Illustrative Fields of Science and Engineering

Many federal funding requests for more advanced computer resources assume implicitly that greater computing power creates opportunities for advancement in science and engineering. This has often been a good assumption. Given stringent pressures on the federal budget, the White House Office of Management and Budget (OMB) and Office of Science and Technology Policy (OSTP) are seeking an improved approach to the formulation and review of requests from the agencies for new computing funds. This book examines, for four illustrative fields of science and engineering, how one can start with an understanding of their major challenges and discern how progress against those challenges depends on high-end capability computing (HECC). The four fields covered are: atmospheric science astrophysics chemical separations evolutionary biology This book finds that all four of these fields are critically dependent on HECC, but in different ways. The book characterizes the components that combine to enable new advances in computational science and engineering and identifies aspects that apply to multiple fields.

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Page Count

159

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National Academies Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

0309124859

ISBN 13

9780309124850

The Potential Impact of High-End Capability Computing on Four Illustrative Fields of Science and Engineering

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The Potential Impact of High-End Capability Computing on Four Illustrative Fields of Science and Engineering

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159

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National Academies Press

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ISBN 10

0309124859

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9780309124850

The Future of Computing Performance

Game Over or Next Level?

By: National Research Council,Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences,Computer Science and Telecommunications Board,Committee on Sustaining Growth in Computing Performance

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The Future of Computing Performance

Game Over or Next Level?

By: National Research Council,Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences,Computer Science and Telecommunications Board,Committee on Sustaining Growth in Computing Performance

The end of dramatic exponential growth in single-processor performance marks the end of the dominance of the single microprocessor in computing. The era of sequential computing must give way to a new era in which parallelism is at the forefront. Although important scientific and engineering challenges lie ahead, this is an opportune time for innovation in programming systems and computing architectures. We have already begun to see diversity in computer designs to optimize for such considerations as power and throughput. The next generation of discoveries is likely to require advances at both the hardware and software levels of computing systems. There is no guarantee that we can make parallel computing as common and easy to use as yesterday's sequential single-processor computer systems, but unless we aggressively pursue efforts suggested by the recommendations in this book, it will be "game over" for growth in computing performance. If parallel programming and related software efforts fail to become widespread, the development of exciting new applications that drive the computer industry will stall; if such innovation stalls, many other parts of the economy will follow suit. The Future of Computing Performance describes the factors that have led to the future limitations on growth for single processors that are based on complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) technology. It explores challenges inherent in parallel computing and architecture, including ever-increasing power consumption and the escalated requirements for heat dissipation. The book delineates a research, practice, and education agenda to help overcome these challenges. The Future of Computing Performance will guide researchers, manufacturers, and information technology professionals in the right direction for sustainable growth in computer performance, so that we may all enjoy the next level of benefits to society.

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Page Count

201

Publisher

National Academies Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

0309159512

ISBN 13

9780309159517

The Mathematical Sciences in 2025

By: National Research Council,Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences,Board on Mathematical Sciences and Their Applications,Committee on the Mathematical Sciences in 2025

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The Mathematical Sciences in 2025

By: National Research Council,Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences,Board on Mathematical Sciences and Their Applications,Committee on the Mathematical Sciences in 2025

The mathematical sciences are part of nearly all aspects of everyday life-the discipline has underpinned such beneficial modern capabilities as Internet search, medical imaging, computer animation, numerical weather predictions, and all types of digital communications. The Mathematical Sciences in 2025 examines the current state of the mathematical sciences and explores the changes needed for the discipline to be in a strong position and able to maximize its contribution to the nation in 2025. It finds the vitality of the discipline excellent and that it contributes in expanding ways to most areas of science and engineering, as well as to the nation as a whole, and recommends that training for future generations of mathematical scientists should be re-assessed in light of the increasingly cross-disciplinary nature of the mathematical sciences. In addition, because of the valuable interplay between ideas and people from all parts of the mathematical sciences, the report emphasizes that universities and the government need to continue to invest in the full spectrum of the mathematical sciences in order for the whole enterprise to continue to flourish long-term.

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Page Count

223

Publisher

National Academies Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

0309284570

ISBN 13

9780309284578

Next Generation Earth System Prediction

Strategies for Subseasonal to Seasonal Forecasts

By: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Ocean Studies Board,Board on Atmospheric Sciences and Climate,Committee on Developing a U.S. Research Agenda to Advance Subseasonal to Seasonal Forecasting

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Next Generation Earth System Prediction

Strategies for Subseasonal to Seasonal Forecasts

As the nation's economic activities, security concerns, and stewardship of natural resources become increasingly complex and globally interrelated, they become ever more sensitive to adverse impacts from weather, climate, and other natural phenomena. For several decades, forecasts with lead times of a few days for weather and other environmental phenomena have yielded valuable information to improve decision-making across all sectors of society. Developing the capability to forecast environmental conditions and disruptive events several weeks and months in advance could dramatically increase the value and benefit of environmental predictions, saving lives, protecting property, increasing economic vitality, protecting the environment, and informing policy choices. Over the past decade, the ability to forecast weather and climate conditions on subseasonal to seasonal (S2S) timescales, i.e., two to fifty-two weeks in advance, has improved substantially. Although significant progress has been made, much work remains to make S2S predictions skillful enough, as well as optimally tailored and communicated, to enable widespread use. Next Generation Earth System Predictions presents a ten-year U.S. research agenda that increases the nation's S2S research and modeling capability, advances S2S forecasting, and aids in decision making at medium and extended lead times.

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Page Count

351

Publisher

National Academies Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

0309388805

ISBN 13

9780309388801

Computing the Future

A Broader Agenda for Computer Science and Engineering

By: National Research Council,Computer Science and Telecommunications Board,Committee to Assess the Scope and Direction of Computer Science and Technology

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Computing the Future

A Broader Agenda for Computer Science and Engineering

By: National Research Council,Computer Science and Telecommunications Board,Committee to Assess the Scope and Direction of Computer Science and Technology

Computers are increasingly the enabling devices of the information revolution, and computing is becoming ubiquitous in every corner of society, from manufacturing to telecommunications to pharmaceuticals to entertainment. Even more importantly, the face of computing is changing rapidly, as even traditional rivals such as IBM and Apple Computer begin to cooperate and new modes of computing are developed. Computing the Future presents a timely assessment of academic computer science and engineering (CS&E), examining what should be done to ensure continuing progress in making discoveries that will carry computing into the twenty-first century. Most importantly, it advocates a broader research and educational agenda that builds on the field's impressive accomplishments. The volume outlines a framework of priorities for CS&E, along with detailed recommendations for education, funding, and leadership. A core research agenda is outlined for these areas: processors and multiple-processor systems, data communications and networking, software engineering, information storage and retrieval, reliability, and user interfaces. This highly readable volume examines: Computer science and engineering as a discipline-how computer scientists and engineers are pushing back the frontiers of their field. How CS&E must change to meet the challenges of the future. The influence of strategic investment by federal agencies in CS&E research. Recent structural changes that affect the interaction of academic CS&E and the business environment. Specific examples of interdisciplinary and applications research in four areas: earth sciences and the environment, computational biology, commercial computing, and the long-term goal of a national electronic library. The volume provides a detailed look at undergraduate CS&E education, highlighting the limitations of four-year programs, and discusses the emerging importance of a master's degree in CS&E and the prospects for broadening the scope of the Ph.D. It also includes a brief look at continuing education.

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287

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National Academies Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

0309047404

ISBN 13

9780309047401

Funding a Revolution

Government Support for Computing Research

By: National Research Council,Computer Science and Telecommunications Board,Committee on Innovations in Computing and Communications: Lessons from History

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Funding a Revolution

Government Support for Computing Research

By: National Research Council,Computer Science and Telecommunications Board,Committee on Innovations in Computing and Communications: Lessons from History

The past 50 years have witnessed a revolution in computing and related communications technologies. The contributions of industry and university researchers to this revolution are manifest; less widely recognized is the major role the federal government played in launching the computing revolution and sustaining its momentum. Funding a Revolution examines the history of computing since World War II to elucidate the federal government's role in funding computing research, supporting the education of computer scientists and engineers, and equipping university research labs. It reviews the economic rationale for government support of research, characterizes federal support for computing research, and summarizes key historical advances in which government-sponsored research played an important role. Funding a Revolution contains a series of case studies in relational databases, the Internet, theoretical computer science, artificial intelligence, and virtual reality that demonstrate the complex interactions among government, universities, and industry that have driven the field. It offers a series of lessons that identify factors contributing to the success of the nation's computing enterprise and the government's role within it.

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Page Count

300

Publisher

National Academies Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

0309062780

ISBN 13

9780309062787

Book's by Committee on the Potential Impact of High-End Computing on Illustrative Fields of Science and Engineering

The Potential Impact of High-End Capability Computing on Four Illustrative Fields of Science and Engineering

The Potential Impact of High-End Capability Computing on Four Illustrative Fields of Science and Engineering

The Potential Impact of High-End Capability Computing on Four Illustrative Fields of Science and Engineering

The Potential Impact of High-End Capability Computing on Four Illustrative Fields of Science and Engineering

The Future of Computing Performance

The Future of Computing Performance

The Mathematical Sciences in 2025

The Mathematical Sciences in 2025

Next Generation Earth System Prediction

Next Generation Earth System Prediction

Computing the Future

Computing the Future

Funding a Revolution

Funding a Revolution

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