Committee on the Health Risks of Phthalates's Books

Environmental Chemicals, the Human Microbiome, and Health Risk

A Research Strategy

By: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Board on Life Sciences,Board on Environmental Studies and Toxicology,Committee on Advancing Understanding of the Implications of Environmental-Chemical Interactions with the Human Microbiome

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Environmental Chemicals, the Human Microbiome, and Health Risk

A Research Strategy

A great number of diverse microorganisms inhabit the human body and are collectively referred to as the human microbiome. Until recently, the role of the human microbiome in maintaining human health was not fully appreciated. Today, however, research is beginning to elucidate associations between perturbations in the human microbiome and human disease and the factors that might be responsible for the perturbations. Studies have indicated that the human microbiome could be affected by environmental chemicals or could modulate exposure to environmental chemicals. Environmental Chemicals, the Human Microbiome, and Health Risk presents a research strategy to improve our understanding of the interactions between environmental chemicals and the human microbiome and the implications of those interactions for human health risk. This report identifies barriers to such research and opportunities for collaboration, highlights key aspects of the human microbiome and its relation to health, describes potential interactions between environmental chemicals and the human microbiome, reviews the risk-assessment framework and reasons for incorporating chemicalâ€"microbiome interactions.

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Page Count

123

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National Academies Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

0309468698

ISBN 13

9780309468695

Phthalates and Cumulative Risk Assessment

The Tasks Ahead

By: National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Board on Environmental Studies and Toxicology,Committee on the Health Risks of Phthalates

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Phthalates and Cumulative Risk Assessment

The Tasks Ahead

By: National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Board on Environmental Studies and Toxicology,Committee on the Health Risks of Phthalates

People are exposed to a variety of chemicals throughout their daily lives. To protect public health, regulators use risk assessments to examine the effects of chemical exposures. This book provides guidance for assessing the risk of phthalates, chemicals found in many consumer products that have been shown to affect the development of the male reproductive system of laboratory animals. Because people are exposed to multiple phthalates and other chemicals that affect male reproductive development, a cumulative risk assessment should be conducted that evaluates the combined effects of exposure to all these chemicals. The book suggests an approach for cumulative risk assessment that can serve as a model for evaluating the health risks of other types of chemicals.

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208

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National Academies Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

0309128412

ISBN 13

9780309128414

Phthalates and Cumulative Risk Assessment

The Tasks Ahead

By: National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Board on Environmental Studies and Toxicology,Committee on the Health Risks of Phthalates

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Phthalates and Cumulative Risk Assessment

The Tasks Ahead

By: National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Board on Environmental Studies and Toxicology,Committee on the Health Risks of Phthalates

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208

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National Academies Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

0309128412

ISBN 13

9780309128414

Application of Systematic Review Methods in an Overall Strategy for Evaluating Low-Dose Toxicity from Endocrine Active Chemicals

By: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Board on Environmental Studies and Toxicology,Committee on Endocrine-Related Low-Dose Toxicity

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Application of Systematic Review Methods in an Overall Strategy for Evaluating Low-Dose Toxicity from Endocrine Active Chemicals

By: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Board on Environmental Studies and Toxicology,Committee on Endocrine-Related Low-Dose Toxicity

To safeguard public health, the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) must keep abreast of new scientific information and emerging technologies so that it can apply them to regulatory decision-making. For decades the agency has dealt with questions about what animal-testing data to use to make predictions about human health hazards, how to perform dose-response extrapolations, how to identify and protect susceptible subpopulations, and how to address uncertainties. As alternatives to traditional toxicity testing have emerged, the agency has been faced with additional questions about how to incorporate data from such tests into its chemical assessments and whether such tests can replace some traditional testing methods. Endocrine active chemicals (EACs) have raised concerns that traditional toxicity-testing protocols might be inadequate to identify all potential hazards to human health because they have the ability to modulate normal hormone function, and small alterations in hormone concentrations, particularly during sensitive life stages, can have lasting and significant effects. To address concerns about potential human health effects from EACs at low doses, this report develops a strategy to evaluate the evidence for such low-dose effects.

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Page Count

423

Publisher

National Academies Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

0309458625

ISBN 13

9780309458627

Phthalates and Cumulative Risk Assessment

The Tasks Ahead

By: National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Board on Environmental Studies and Toxicology,Committee on the Health Risks of Phthalates

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Phthalates and Cumulative Risk Assessment

The Tasks Ahead

By: National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Board on Environmental Studies and Toxicology,Committee on the Health Risks of Phthalates

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208

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National Academies Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

030917791X

ISBN 13

9780309177917

Human Biomonitoring for Environmental Chemicals

By: National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Board on Environmental Studies and Toxicology,Committee on Human Biomonitoring for Environmental Toxicants

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Human Biomonitoring for Environmental Chemicals

By: National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Board on Environmental Studies and Toxicology,Committee on Human Biomonitoring for Environmental Toxicants

Biomonitoring—a method for measuring amounts of toxic chemicals in human tissues—is a valuable tool for studying potentially harmful environmental chemicals. Biomonitoring data have been used to confirm exposures to chemicals and validate public health policies. For example, population biomonitoring data showing high blood lead concentrations resulted in the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA's) regulatory reduction of lead in gasoline; biomonitoring data confirmed a resultant drop in blood lead concentrations. Despite recent advances, the science needed to understand the implications of the biomonitoring data for human health is still in its nascent stages. Use of the data also raises communication and ethical challenges. In response to a congressional request, EPA asked the National Research Council to address those challenges in an independent study. Human Biomonitoring for Environmental Chemicals provides a framework for improving the use of biomonitoring data including developing and using biomarkers (measures of exposure), research to improve the interpretation of data, ways to communicate findings to the public, and a review of ethical issues.

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Page Count

317

Publisher

National Academies Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

0309102723

ISBN 13

9780309102728

Fifteenth Report of Session 2005-06

Documents Considered by the Committee on 18 January 2006, Including; Energy Efficiency, Civil Aviation Security, Value Added Tax, 2004 Annual Reports of the European Court of Auditors, Access to European Databases on Asylum, Immigration and Visas; Report, Together with Formal Minutes

By: Great Britain: Parliament: House of Commons: European Scrutiny Committee

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Fifteenth Report of Session 2005-06

By: Great Britain: Parliament: House of Commons: European Scrutiny Committee

Fifteenth report of Session 2005-06 : Documents considered by the Committee on 18 January 2006, including, energy efficiency, civil aviation security, value added tax, 2004 annual reports of the European Court of Auditors, access to European databases on

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The Stationery Office

Published Date

ISBN 10

0215027191

ISBN 13

9780215027191

Book's by Committee on the Health Risks of Phthalates

Environmental Chemicals, the Human Microbiome, and Health Risk

Environmental Chemicals, the Human Microbiome, and Health Risk

Phthalates and Cumulative Risk Assessment

Phthalates and Cumulative Risk Assessment

Phthalates and Cumulative Risk Assessment

Phthalates and Cumulative Risk Assessment

Application of Systematic Review Methods in an Overall Strategy for Evaluating Low-Dose Toxicity from Endocrine Active Chemicals

Application of Systematic Review Methods in an Overall Strategy for Evaluating Low-Dose Toxicity from Endocrine Active Chemicals

Phthalates and Cumulative Risk Assessment

Phthalates and Cumulative Risk Assessment

Human Biomonitoring for Environmental Chemicals

Human Biomonitoring for Environmental Chemicals

Fifteenth Report of Session 2005-06

Fifteenth Report of Session 2005-06

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