Committee on the Collaborative Large-scale Engineering Analysis Network for Environmental Research (CLEANER)'s Books

CLEANER and NSF's Environmental Observatories

By: National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Water Science and Technology Board,Committee on the Collaborative Large-scale Engineering Analysis Network for Environmental Research (CLEANER)

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CLEANER and NSF's Environmental Observatories

Degradation of the nation's water resources threatens the health of humans and the functioning of natural ecosystems. To help better understand the causes of these adverse impacts and how they might be more effectively mitigated, especially in urban and human-stressed aquatic systems, the National Science Foundation (NSF) has proposed the establishment of a Collaborative Large-scale Engineering Analysis Network for Environmental Research (CLEANER). This program would provide a platform for near-real-time and conventional data collection and analysis; improve understanding and prediction of processes controlling large-scale environmental and hydrologic systems; help explain human-induced impacts on the environment; and help identify more effective adaptive management approaches to mitigate adverse impacts of human activities on water and land resources. At NSF's request, the National Academies undertook a review this proposed program. The resultant report recommends that NSF proceed with its planning, implementation, and intra- and interagency coordination activities for the program, as a successful environmental observatory network could transform the environmental engineering profession and increase its already considerable contributions to society.

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National Academies Press

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ISBN 10

0309102294

ISBN 13

9780309102292

Frontiers in Soil Science Research

Report of a Workshop

By: National Research Council,Policy and Global Affairs,Board on International Scientific Organizations,Steering Committee for Frontiers in Soil Science Research

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Frontiers in Soil Science Research

Report of a Workshop

By: National Research Council,Policy and Global Affairs,Board on International Scientific Organizations,Steering Committee for Frontiers in Soil Science Research

There has been renewed interest in soil and soil science in recent years as the recognition that biogeochemical processes that occur at the Earth's surface influence global climate change, land degradation and remediation, the fate and transport of nutrients and contaminants, soil and water conservation, soil and water quality, food sufficiency and safety, and many other issues pertinent to the stewardship and conservation of land and water resources. In some areas of the Earth we have approached near irreversible soil conditions that may threaten the existence of future generations. Understanding the long-term implications of decreased soil quality and addressing the aforementioned challenges will require new information based on advances and breakthroughs in soil science research that need to be effectively communicated to stakeholders, policy makers, and the general public. On December 12-14, 2005, the National Academies convened the Frontiers in Soil Science Research Workshop, summarized in this volume, to identify emerging areas for research in soil science by addressing the interaction of soil science subdisciplines, collaborative research with other disciplines, and the use of new technologies in research. The workshop focused around seven key questions addressing research frontiers for the individual soil science disciplines, and also addressing the need for integration across soil science with other disciplines.

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National Academies Press

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ISBN 10

0309138914

ISBN 13

9780309138918

National Earthquake Resilience

Research, Implementation, and Outreach

By: National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Board on Earth Sciences and Resources,Committee on Seismology and Geodynamics,Committee on National Earthquake Resilienceâ¬"Research, Implementation, and Outreach

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National Earthquake Resilience

Research, Implementation, and Outreach

The United States will certainly be subject to damaging earthquakes in the future. Some of these earthquakes will occur in highly populated and vulnerable areas. Coping with moderate earthquakes is not a reliable indicator of preparedness for a major earthquake in a populated area. The recent, disastrous, magnitude-9 earthquake that struck northern Japan demonstrates the threat that earthquakes pose. Moreover, the cascading nature of impacts-the earthquake causing a tsunami, cutting electrical power supplies, and stopping the pumps needed to cool nuclear reactors-demonstrates the potential complexity of an earthquake disaster. Such compound disasters can strike any earthquake-prone populated area. National Earthquake Resilience presents a roadmap for increasing our national resilience to earthquakes. The National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program (NEHRP) is the multi-agency program mandated by Congress to undertake activities to reduce the effects of future earthquakes in the United States. The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST)-the lead NEHRP agency-commissioned the National Research Council (NRC) to develop a roadmap for earthquake hazard and risk reduction in the United States that would be based on the goals and objectives for achieving national earthquake resilience described in the 2008 NEHRP Strategic Plan. National Earthquake Resilience does this by assessing the activities and costs that would be required for the nation to achieve earthquake resilience in 20 years. National Earthquake Resilience interprets resilience broadly to incorporate engineering/science (physical), social/economic (behavioral), and institutional (governing) dimensions. Resilience encompasses both pre-disaster preparedness activities and post-disaster response. In combination, these will enhance the robustness of communities in all earthquake-vulnerable regions of our nation so that they can function adequately following damaging earthquakes. While National Earthquake Resilience is written primarily for the NEHRP, it also speaks to a broader audience of policy makers, earth scientists, and emergency managers.

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197

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National Academies Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

0309186773

ISBN 13

9780309186773

Progress Toward Restoring the Everglades

The Fourth Biennial Review, 2012

By: Committee on Independent Scientific Review of Everglades Restoration Progress,Water Science and Technology Board,Board on Environmental Studies and Toxicology,Division on Earth and Life Studies,National Research Council

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Progress Toward Restoring the Everglades

The Fourth Biennial Review, 2012

Twelve years into the Comprehensive Everglades Restoration Project, little progress has been made in restoring the core of the remaining Everglades ecosystem; instead, most project construction so far has occurred along its periphery. To reverse ongoing ecosystem declines, it will be necessary to expedite restoration projects that target the central Everglades, and to improve both the quality and quantity of the water in the ecosystem. The new Central Everglades Planning Project offers an innovative approach to this challenge, although additional analyses are needed at the interface of water quality and water quantity to maximize restoration benefits within existing legal constraints. Progress Toward Restoring the Everglades: The Fourth Biennial Review, 2012 explains the innovative approach to expedite restoration progress and additional rigorous analyses at the interface of water quality and quantity will be essential to maximize restoration benefits.

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226

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National Academies Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

0309259231

ISBN 13

9780309259231

Renewable Fuel Standard

Potential Economic and Environmental Effects of U.S. Biofuel Policy

By: National Research Council,Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences,Board on Energy and Environmental Systems,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Board on Agriculture and Natural Resources,Committee on Economic and Environmental Impacts of Increasing Biofuels Production

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Renewable Fuel Standard

Potential Economic and Environmental Effects of U.S. Biofuel Policy

In the United States, we have come to depend on plentiful and inexpensive energy to support our economy and lifestyles. In recent years, many questions have been raised regarding the sustainability of our current pattern of high consumption of nonrenewable energy and its environmental consequences. Further, because the United States imports about 55 percent of the nation's consumption of crude oil, there are additional concerns about the security of supply. Hence, efforts are being made to find alternatives to our current pathway, including greater energy efficiency and use of energy sources that could lower greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions such as nuclear and renewable sources, including solar, wind, geothermal, and biofuels. The United States has a long history with biofuels and the nation is on a course charted to achieve a substantial increase in biofuels. Renewable Fuel Standard evaluates the economic and environmental consequences of increasing biofuels production as a result of Renewable Fuels Standard, as amended by EISA (RFS2). The report describes biofuels produced in 2010 and those projected to be produced and consumed by 2022, reviews model projections and other estimates of the relative impact on the prices of land, and discusses the potential environmental harm and benefits of biofuels production and the barriers to achieving the RFS2 consumption mandate. Policy makers, investors, leaders in the transportation sector, and others with concerns for the environment, economy, and energy security can rely on the recommendations provided in this report.

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416

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National Academies Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

0309187516

ISBN 13

9780309187510

Review of the WATERS Network Science Plan

By: National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Water Science and Technology Board,Committee on the Review of Water and Environmental Research Systems (WATERS) Network

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Review of the WATERS Network Science Plan

By: National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Water Science and Technology Board,Committee on the Review of Water and Environmental Research Systems (WATERS) Network

One of the most critical issues facing the United States today is the proper management of our water resources. Water availability and quality are changing due to increasing population, urbanization, and land use and climate change, and shortages in water supply have been increasing in frequency in many parts of the country. The National Science Foundation (NSF) has entertained the Water and Environmental Research Systems (WATERS) Network as one possible initiative whereby NSF could provide the advances in the basic science needed to respond effectively to the challenge of managing water resources. The WATERS Network, a joint initiative of the Engineering, the Geosciences, and the Social, Behavioral and Economic Sciences directorates at NSF, is envisioned as an integrated national network of observatories and experimental facilities supporting research, outreach, and education on large-scale, water-related environmental problems. The proposed observatories would provide researchers with access to linked sensing networks, data repositories, and computational tools connected through high-performance computing and telecommunications networks. This book, the final of a series about the WATERS project, provides a more detailed review of the Science Plan and provides advice on collaborating with other federal agencies.

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National Academies Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

0309153131

ISBN 13

9780309153133

River Science at the U.S. Geological Survey

By: National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Water Science and Technology Board,Committee on River Science at the U.S. Geological Survey

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River Science at the U.S. Geological Survey

By: National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Water Science and Technology Board,Committee on River Science at the U.S. Geological Survey

Rivers provide about 60 percent of the nation's drinking water and irrigation water and 10 percent of the nation's electric power needs. The multiple and sometimes incompatible services demanded of rivers often lead to policy and management conflicts that require the integration of science-based information. This report advises the U.S. Geological Survey on how it can best address river science challenges by effectively using its resources and coordinating its activities with other agencies. The report identifies the highest priority river science issues for the USGS, including environmental flows and river restoration, sediment transport and geomorphology, and groundwater surface-water interactions. It also recommends two cross-cutting science activities including surveying and mapping the nation's river systems according to key physical and landscape features, and expanding work on predictive models, especially those that simulate interactions between physical-biological processes. The report identifies key variables to be monitored and data-managed. It proposes enhancements in streamflow, biological, and sediment monitoring; these include establishing multidisciplinary, integrated reach-scale monitoring sites and developing a comprehensive national sediment monitoring program. Finally, it encourages the USGS to be at the forefront of new technology application, including airborne lidar and embedded, networked, wireless sensors.

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206

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National Academies Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

0309103576

ISBN 13

9780309103572

Progress Toward Restoring the Everglades

The Seventh Biennial Review - 2018

By: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Board on Environmental Studies and Toxicology,Water Science and Technology Board,Committee on Independent Scientific Review of Everglades Restoration Progress

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Progress Toward Restoring the Everglades

The Seventh Biennial Review - 2018

During the past century, the Everglades, one of the world's treasured ecosystems, has been dramatically altered by drainage and water management infrastructure that was intended to improve flood management, urban water supply, and agricultural production. The remnants of the original Everglades now compete for water with urban and agricultural interests and are impaired by contaminated runoff from these two sectors. The Comprehensive Everglades Restoration Plan (CERP), a joint effort launched by the state and the federal government in 2000, seeks to reverse the decline of the ecosystem. The multibillion-dollar project was originally envisioned as a 30- to 40-year effort to achieve ecological restoration by reestablishing the natural hydrologic characteristics of the Everglades, where feasible, and to create a water system that serves the needs of both the natural and the human systems of South Florida. Over the past two years, impressive progress has been made in planning new CERP projects, and the vision for CERP water storage is now becoming clear. Construction and completion of authorized CERP projects will likely take several decades, and at this pace of restoration, it is even more imperative that agencies anticipate and design for the Everglades of the future. This seventh biennial review assesses the progress made in meeting the goals of the CERP and provides an in-depth review of CERP monitoring, with particular emphasis on project-level monitoring and assessment. It reviews developments in research and assessment that inform restoration decision making, and identifies issues for in-depth evaluation considering new CERP program developments, policy initiatives, or improvements in scientific knowledge that have implications for restoration progress.

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243

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National Academies Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

0309479789

ISBN 13

9780309479783

Progress Toward Restoring the Everglades

The Second Biennial Review - 2008

By: National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Board on Environmental Studies and Toxicology,Water Science and Technology Board,Committee on Independent Scientific Review of Everglades Restoration Progress

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Progress Toward Restoring the Everglades

The Second Biennial Review - 2008

This book is the second biennial evaluation of progress being made in the Comprehensive Everglades Restoration Plan (CERP), a multibillion-dollar effort to restore historical water flows to the Everglades and return the ecosystem closer to its natural state. Launched in 2000 by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers and the South Florida Water Management District, CERP is a multiorganization planning process that includes approximately 50 major projects to be completed over the next several decades. Progress Toward Restoring the Everglades: The Second Biennial Review 2008 concludes that budgeting, planning, and procedural matters are hindering a federal and state effort to restore the Florida Everglades ecosystem, which is making only scant progress toward achieving its goals. Good science has been developed to support restoration efforts, but future progress is likely to be limited by the availability of funding and current authorization mechanisms. Despite the accomplishments that lay the foundation for CERP construction, no CERP projects have been completed to date. To begin reversing decades of decline, managers should address complex planning issues and move forward with projects that have the most potential to restore the natural ecosystem.

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340

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National Academies Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

030912574X

ISBN 13

9780309125741

Integrating Multiscale Observations of U.S. Waters

By: National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Water Science and Technology Board,Committee on Integrated Observations for Hydrologic and Related Sciences

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Integrating Multiscale Observations of U.S. Waters

By: National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Water Science and Technology Board,Committee on Integrated Observations for Hydrologic and Related Sciences

Water is essential to life for humans and their food crops, and for ecosystems. Effective water management requires tracking the inflow, outflow, quantity and quality of ground-water and surface water, much like balancing a bank account. Currently, networks of ground-based instruments measure these in individual locations, while airborne and satellite sensors measure them over larger areas. Recent technological innovations offer unprecedented possibilities to integrate space, air, and land observations to advance water science and guide management decisions. This book concludes that in order to realize the potential of integrated data, agencies, universities, and the private sector must work together to develop new kinds of sensors, test them in field studies, and help users to apply this information to real problems.

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Page Count

210

Publisher

National Academies Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

0309177901

ISBN 13

9780309177900

CLEANER and NSF's Environmental Observatories

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CLEANER and NSF's Environmental Observatories

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0309102294

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9780309102292

Book's by Committee on the Collaborative Large-scale Engineering Analysis Network for Environmental Research (CLEANER)

CLEANER and NSF's Environmental Observatories

CLEANER and NSF's Environmental Observatories

Frontiers in Soil Science Research

Frontiers in Soil Science Research

National Earthquake Resilience

National Earthquake Resilience

Progress Toward Restoring the Everglades

Progress Toward Restoring the Everglades

Renewable Fuel Standard

Renewable Fuel Standard

Review of the WATERS Network Science Plan

Review of the WATERS Network Science Plan

River Science at the U.S. Geological Survey

River Science at the U.S. Geological Survey

Progress Toward Restoring the Everglades

Progress Toward Restoring the Everglades

Progress Toward Restoring the Everglades

Progress Toward Restoring the Everglades

Integrating Multiscale Observations of U.S. Waters

Integrating Multiscale Observations of U.S. Waters

CLEANER and NSF's Environmental Observatories

CLEANER and NSF's Environmental Observatories

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