Committee on the Assessment of Water Reuse as an Approach to Meeting Future Water Supply Needs's Books

Water Reuse

Potential for Expanding the Nation's Water Supply Through Reuse of Municipal Wastewater

By: National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Water Science and Technology Board,Committee on the Assessment of Water Reuse as an Approach to Meeting Future Water Supply Needs

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Water Reuse

Potential for Expanding the Nation's Water Supply Through Reuse of Municipal Wastewater

By: National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Water Science and Technology Board,Committee on the Assessment of Water Reuse as an Approach to Meeting Future Water Supply Needs

Expanding water reuse-the use of treated wastewater for beneficial purposes including irrigation, industrial uses, and drinking water augmentation-could significantly increase the nation's total available water resources. Water Reuse presents a portfolio of treatment options available to mitigate water quality issues in reclaimed water along with new analysis suggesting that the risk of exposure to certain microbial and chemical contaminants from drinking reclaimed water does not appear to be any higher than the risk experienced in at least some current drinking water treatment systems, and may be orders of magnitude lower. This report recommends adjustments to the federal regulatory framework that could enhance public health protection for both planned and unplanned (or de facto) reuse and increase public confidence in water reuse.

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276

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National Academies Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

0309224624

ISBN 13

9780309224628

Understanding Water Reuse

Potential for Expanding the Nation's Water Supply Through Reuse of Municipal Wastewater

By: National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Water Science and Technology Board,Committee on the Assessment of Water Reuse as an Approach to Meeting Future Water Supply Needs

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Understanding Water Reuse

Potential for Expanding the Nation's Water Supply Through Reuse of Municipal Wastewater

By: National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Water Science and Technology Board,Committee on the Assessment of Water Reuse as an Approach to Meeting Future Water Supply Needs

In communities all around the world, water supplies are coming under increasing pressure as population growth, climate change, pollution, and changes in land use affect water quantity and quality. To address existing and anticipated water shortages, many communities are working to increase water conservation and are seeking alternative sources of water. Water reuse- the sue of treated wastewater, or "reclaimed" water, for beneficial purposes such as drinking, irrigation, or industrial uses- is one option that has helped some communities significantly expand their water supplies. Understanding Water Reuse summarizes the main findings of the National Research Council report Water Reuse: Expanding the Nation's Water Supply Through Reuse of Municipal Wastewater. The report provides an overview of the options and outlook for water reuse in the United States, discusses water treatment technologies and potential uses of reclaimed water, and presents a new analysis that compares the risks of drinking reclaimed water to those of drinking water from traditional sources.

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ISBN 10

0309265215

ISBN 13

9780309265218

Water Reuse

Potential for Expanding the Nation's Water Supply Through Reuse of Municipal Wastewater

By: National Research Council (U.S.). Committee on the Assessment of Water Reuse as an Approach for Meeting Future Water Supply Needs

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Water Reuse

Potential for Expanding the Nation's Water Supply Through Reuse of Municipal Wastewater

By: National Research Council (U.S.). Committee on the Assessment of Water Reuse as an Approach for Meeting Future Water Supply Needs

Expanding water reuse--the use of treated wastewater for beneficial purposes including irrigation, industrial uses, and drinking water augmentation--could significantly increase the nation's total available water resources. Water Reuse presents a portfolio of treatment options available to mitigate water quality issues in reclaimed water along with new analysis suggesting that the risk of exposure to certain microbial and chemical contaminants from drinking reclaimed water does not appear to be any higher than the risk experienced in at least some current drinking water treatment systems, and may be orders of magnitude lower. This report recommends adjustments to the federal regulatory framework that could enhance public health protection for both planned and unplanned (or de facto) reuse and increase public confidence in water reuse.--

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262

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ISBN 10

0309224594

ISBN 13

9780309224598

Water Reuse

Potential for Expanding the Nation's Water Supply Through Reuse of Municipal Wastewater

By: National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Water Science and Technology Board,Committee on the Assessment of Water Reuse as an Approach to Meeting Future Water Supply Needs

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Water Reuse

Potential for Expanding the Nation's Water Supply Through Reuse of Municipal Wastewater

By: National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Water Science and Technology Board,Committee on the Assessment of Water Reuse as an Approach to Meeting Future Water Supply Needs

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276

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National Academies Press

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ISBN 10

0309224624

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9780309224628

Issues in Potable Reuse

The Viability of Augmenting Drinking Water Supplies with Reclaimed Water

By: National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Commission on Geosciences, Environment and Resources,Committee to Evaluate the Viability of Augmenting Potable Water Supplies with Reclaimed Water

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Issues in Potable Reuse

The Viability of Augmenting Drinking Water Supplies with Reclaimed Water

A small but growing number of municipalities are augmenting their drinking water supplies with highly treated wastewater. But some professionals in the field argue that only the purest sources should be used for drinking water. Is potable reuse a viable application of reclaimed water? How can individual communities effectively evaluate potable reuse programs? How certain must "certain" be when it comes to drinking water safety? Issues in Potable Reuse provides the best available answers to these questions. Useful to scientists yet accessible to concerned lay readers, this book defines important terms in the debate and provides data, analysis, and examples of the experience of municipalities from San Diego to Tampa. The committee explores in detail the two major types of contaminants: Chemical contaminants. The committee discusses how to assess toxicity, reduce the input of contaminants, evaluate treatment options, manage the byproducts of disinfection and other issues. Microbial contaminants, including newly emerging waterborne pathogens. The book covers methods of detection, health consequences, treatment, and more. Issues in Potable Reuse reviews the results of six health effects studies at operational or proposed reuse projects. The committee discusses the utility of fish versus mammals in toxicology testing and covers issues in quality assurance.

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279

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National Academies Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

0309174287

ISBN 13

9780309174282

Review of the St. Johns River Water Supply Impact Study

Report 1

By: National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Water Science and Technology Board,Committee to Review the St. Johns River Water Supply Impact Study

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Review of the St. Johns River Water Supply Impact Study

Report 1

By: National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Water Science and Technology Board,Committee to Review the St. Johns River Water Supply Impact Study

The St. Johns River is the longest river in Florida, containing extensive freshwater wetlands, numerous large lakes, a wide estuarine channel, and a correspondingly diverse array of native flora and fauna. Water resource management in the river's watershed is the responsibility of the St. Johns River Water Management District (the District). The District must provide water for the region's 4.4 million residents as well as numerous industrial and agricultural users, all while protecting natural systems within the river basin. With population growth in the watershed expected to surpass 7.2 million in 2030, the District, through its water resources planning process, has begun to identify alternative sources of water beyond its traditional groundwater sources, including the potential withdrawal of 262 million gallons per day from the St. Johns River. To more comprehensively evaluate the environmental impacts of withdrawing this water from the river, the District embarked on a two-year Water Supply Impact Study (WSIS), and requested the involvement of the National Research Council. The present volume reviews the Phase I work of the WSIS and provides recommendations for improving Phase II.

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National Academies Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

0309144817

ISBN 13

9780309144810

Using Graywater and Stormwater to Enhance Local Water Supplies

An Assessment of Risks, Costs, and Benefits

By: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Water Science and Technology Board,Committee on the Beneficial Use of Graywater and Stormwater: An Assessment of Risks, Costs, and Benefits

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Using Graywater and Stormwater to Enhance Local Water Supplies

An Assessment of Risks, Costs, and Benefits

Chronic and episodic water shortages are becoming common in many regions of the United States, and population growth in water-scarce regions further compounds the challenges. Increasingly, alternative water sources such as graywater-untreated wastewater that does not include water from the toilet but generally includes water from bathroom sinks, showers, bathtubs, clothes washers, and laundry sinks- and stormwater-water from rainfall or snow that can be measured downstream in a pipe, culvert, or stream shortly after the precipitation event-are being viewed as resources to supplement scarce water supplies rather than as waste to be discharged as rapidly as possible. Graywater and stormwater can serve a range of non-potable uses, including irrigation, toilet flushing, washing, and cooling, although treatment may be needed. Stormwater may also be used to recharge groundwater, which may ultimately be tapped for potable use. In addition to providing additional sources of local water supply, harvesting stormwater has many potential benefits, including energy savings, pollution prevention, and reducing the impacts of urban development on urban streams. Similarly, the reuse of graywater can enhance water supply reliability and extend the capacity of existing wastewater systems in growing cities. Despite the benefits of using local alternative water sources to address water demands, many questions remain that have limited the broader application of graywater and stormwater capture and use. In particular, limited information is available on the costs, benefits, and risks of these projects, and beyond the simplest applications many state and local public health agencies have not developed regulatory frameworks for full use of these local water resources. To address these issues, Using Graywater and Stormwater to Enhance Local Water Supplies analyzes the risks, costs, and benefits on various uses of graywater and stormwater. This report examines technical, economic, regulatory, and social issues associated with graywater and stormwater capture for a range of uses, including non-potable urban uses, irrigation, and groundwater recharge. Using Graywater and Stormwater to Enhance Local Water Supplies considers the quality and suitability of water for reuse, treatment and storage technologies, and human health and environmental risks of water reuse. The findings and recommendations of this report will be valuable for water managers, citizens of states under a current drought, and local and state health and environmental agencies.

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224

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National Academies Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

030938835X

ISBN 13

9780309388351

Water Conservation, Reuse, and Recycling

Proceedings of an Iranian-American Workshop

By: Academy of Sciences of the Islamic Republic of Iran,National Research Council,Policy and Global Affairs,Development, Security, and Cooperation,Office for Central Europe and Eurasia,Committee on US-Iranian Workshop on Water Conservation and Recycling

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Water Conservation, Reuse, and Recycling

Proceedings of an Iranian-American Workshop

In December 2002, a group of specialists on water resources from the United States and Iran met in Tunis, Tunisia, for an interacademy workshop on water resources management, conservation, and recycling. This was the fourth interacademy workshop on a variety of topics held in 2002, the first year of such workshops. Tunis was selected as the location for the workshop because the Tunisian experience in addressing water conservation issues was of interest to the participants from both the United States and Iran. This report includes the agenda for the workshop, all of the papers that were presented, and the list of site visits.

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292

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National Academies Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

0309092930

ISBN 13

9780309092937

Understanding Water Reuse

Potential for Expanding the Nation's Water Supply Through Reuse of Municipal Wastewater

By: National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Water Science and Technology Board,Committee on the Assessment of Water Reuse as an Approach to Meeting Future Water Supply Needs

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Understanding Water Reuse

Potential for Expanding the Nation's Water Supply Through Reuse of Municipal Wastewater

By: National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Water Science and Technology Board,Committee on the Assessment of Water Reuse as an Approach to Meeting Future Water Supply Needs

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ISBN 10

0309265207

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9780309265201

Using Graywater and Stormwater to Enhance Local Water Supplies

An Assessment of Risks, Costs, and Benefits

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Using Graywater and Stormwater to Enhance Local Water Supplies

An Assessment of Risks, Costs, and Benefits

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224

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National Academies Press

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ISBN 10

030938835X

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9780309388351

Analytical Methods and Approaches for Water Resources Project Planning

By: National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Ocean Studies Board,Water Science and Technology Board,Committee to Assess the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Methods of Analysis and Peer Review for Water Resources Project Planning,Panel on Methods and Techniques of Project Analysis

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Analytical Methods and Approaches for Water Resources Project Planning

Analytical Methods and Approaches for Water Resources Project Planningis part of a larger study that was conducted in response to a request from the U.S. Congress in the Water Resources Development Act of 2000 for the National Academy of Sciences to review the U.S. Army Corps of Engineer's peer review methods and analytical approaches. This report reviews the Corps' analytical procedures and planning methods, largely in the context of the federal Economic and Environmental Principles and Guidelines for Water and Related Land Resources Implementation Studies, also known as the Principles and Guidelines or "P and G" (P&G), as well as the Corps' Planning Guidance Notebook (PGN).

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165

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National Academies Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

0309166187

ISBN 13

9780309166188

Managing Water Resources in the West Under Conditions of Climate Uncertainty

A Proceedings

By: National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Commission on Geosciences, Environment and Resources,Committee on Climate Uncertainty and Water Resources Management

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Managing Water Resources in the West Under Conditions of Climate Uncertainty

A Proceedings

By: National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Commission on Geosciences, Environment and Resources,Committee on Climate Uncertainty and Water Resources Management

The question of whether the earth's climate is changing in some significant human-induced way remains a matter of much debate. But the fact that climate is variable over time is well known. These two elements of climatic uncertainty affect water resources planning and management in the American West. Managing Water Resources in the West Under Conditions of Climate Uncertainty examines the scientific basis for predictions of climate change, the implications of climate uncertainty for water resources management, and the management options available for responding to climate variability and potential climate change.

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359

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National Academies Press

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ISBN 10

0309046777

ISBN 13

9780309046770

Public Water Supply Distribution Systems

Assessing and Reducing Risks: First Report

By: National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Water Science and Technology Board,Committee on Public Water Supply Distribution Systems: Assessing and Reducing Risks

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Public Water Supply Distribution Systems

Assessing and Reducing Risks: First Report

By: National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Water Science and Technology Board,Committee on Public Water Supply Distribution Systems: Assessing and Reducing Risks

The Water Science and Technology Board has released the first report of the Committee on Public Water Supply Distribution Systems: Assessing and Reducing Risks, which is studying water quality issues associated with public water supply distribution systems and their potential risks to consumers. The distribution system, which is a critical component of every drinking water utility, constitutes a significant management challenge from both an operational and public health standpoint. This first report was requested by the EPA, as the agency considers revisions to the Total Coliform Rule with potential new requirements for ensuring the integrity of the distribution system. This first report identifies trends relevant to the deterioration of drinking water quality in distribution systems and prioritizes issues of greatest concern according to high, medium, and low priority categories. Of the issues presented in nine EPA white papers that were reviewed by the committee, cross connections and backflow, new or repaired water mains, and finished water storage facilities were judged by the committee to be of the highest importance based on their associated potential health risks. In addition, the report noted that two other issues should also be accorded high priority: premise plumbing and distribution system operator training. This first report will be followed in about 18 months by a more comprehensive final report that evaluates approaches for risk characterization and identifies strategies that could be considered to reduce the risks posed by water-quality deteriorating events.

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ISBN 10

0309096286

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9780309096287

Book's by Committee on the Assessment of Water Reuse as an Approach to Meeting Future Water Supply Needs

Water Reuse

Water Reuse

Understanding Water Reuse

Understanding Water Reuse

Water Reuse

Water Reuse

Water Reuse

Water Reuse

Issues in Potable Reuse

Issues in Potable Reuse

Review of the St. Johns River Water Supply Impact Study

Review of the St. Johns River Water Supply Impact Study

Using Graywater and Stormwater to Enhance Local Water Supplies

Using Graywater and Stormwater to Enhance Local Water Supplies

Water Conservation, Reuse, and Recycling

Water Conservation, Reuse, and Recycling

Understanding Water Reuse

Understanding Water Reuse

Using Graywater and Stormwater to Enhance Local Water Supplies

Using Graywater and Stormwater to Enhance Local Water Supplies

Analytical Methods and Approaches for Water Resources Project Planning

Analytical Methods and Approaches for Water Resources Project Planning

Managing Water Resources in the West Under Conditions of Climate Uncertainty

Managing Water Resources in the West Under Conditions of Climate Uncertainty

Public Water Supply Distribution Systems

Public Water Supply Distribution Systems

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