Committee on Trends in Science and Technology Relevant to the Biological Weapons Convention: An International Workshop's Books

Life Sciences and Related Fields

Trends Relevant to the Biological Weapons Convention

By: International Union of Microbiological Societies,International Union of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology,IAPâ¬"The Global Network of Science Academies,Chinese Academy of Sciences,National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Board on Life Sciences,Committee on Trends in Science and Technology Relevant to the Biological Weapons Convention: An International Workshop

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Life Sciences and Related Fields

Trends Relevant to the Biological Weapons Convention

During the last decade, national and international scientific organizations have become increasingly engaged in considering how to respond to the biosecurity implications of developments in the life sciences and in assessing trends in science and technology (S&T) relevant to biological and chemical weapons nonproliferation. The latest example is an international workshop, Trends in Science and Technology Relevant to the Biological Weapons Convention, held October 31 - November 3, 2010 at the Institute of Biophysics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in Beijing. Life Sciences and Related Fields summarizes the workshop, plenary, and breakout discussion sessions held during this convention. Given the immense diversity of current research and development, the report is only able to provide an overview of the areas of science and technology the committee believes are potentially relevant to the future of the Biological and Toxic Weapons Convention (BWC), although there is an effort to identify areas that seemed particularly ripe for further exploration and analysis. The report offers findings and conclusions organized around three fundamental and frequently cited trends in S&T that affect the scope and operation of the convention: The rapid pace of change in the life sciences and related fields; The increasing diffusion of life sciences research capacity and its applications, both internationally and beyond traditional research institutions; and The extent to which additional scientific and technical disciplines beyond biology are increasingly involved in life sciences research. The report does not make recommendations about policy options to respond to the implications of the identified trends. The choice of such responses rests with the 164 States Parties to the Convention, who must take into account multiple factors beyond the project's focus on the state of the science.

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164

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National Academies Press

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ISBN 10

0309210712

ISBN 13

9780309210713

Life Sciences and Related Fields

Trends Relevant to the Biological Weapons Convention

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Life Sciences and Related Fields

Trends Relevant to the Biological Weapons Convention

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National Academies Press

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ISBN 10

0309210712

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9780309210713

The 2nd International Forum on Biosecurity

Summary of an International Meeting

By: National Research Council,Policy and Global Affairs,Board on International Scientific Organizations,Development, Security, and Cooperation,Committee on International Outreach Activities on Biosecurity

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The 2nd International Forum on Biosecurity

Summary of an International Meeting

The 2nd International Forum on Biosecurity, held in Budapest, Hungary on March 30 - April 2, 2008, represents the efforts of a number of individuals and organizations, over the last five years, to engage the international community of life scientists in addressing how to reduce the risk that the results of their work could be used for hostile purposes by terrorists and states. The participants who gathered in Budapest were already engaged in this challenging task, and, therefore, the focus of the meeting was on what had been accomplished and what challenges remained. There was no attempt to achieve consensus, since there exist real and important differences among those involved concerning the appropriate policies and actions to be undertaken. But there was a serious effort to identify a range of potential next steps, and also an effort to identify opportunities where international scientific organizations could make substantive contributions and offer their advice and expertise to policy discussions. The Forum's presentations, discussions, and results are summarized in this book.

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158

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National Academies Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

0309128293

ISBN 13

9780309128292

Challenges and Opportunities for Education About Dual Use Issues in the Life Sciences

By: National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Board on Life Sciences,Committee on Education on Dual Use Issues in the Life Sciences

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Challenges and Opportunities for Education About Dual Use Issues in the Life Sciences

By: National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Board on Life Sciences,Committee on Education on Dual Use Issues in the Life Sciences

The Challenges and Opportunities for Education About Dual Use Issues in the Life Sciences workshop was held to engage the life sciences community on the particular security issues related to research with dual use potential. More than 60 participants from almost 30 countries took part and included practicing life scientists, bioethics and biosecurity practitioners, and experts in the design of educational programs. The workshop sought to identify a baseline about (1) the extent to which dual use issues are currently being included in postsecondary education (undergraduate and postgraduate) in the life sciences; (2) in what contexts that education is occurring (e.g., in formal coursework, informal settings, as stand-alone subjects or part of more general training, and in what fields); and (3) what online educational materials addressing research in the life sciences with dual use potential already exist.

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146

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National Academies Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

0309158400

ISBN 13

9780309158404

An International Perspective on Advancing Technologies and Strategies for Managing Dual-Use Risks

Report of a Workshop

By: National Research Council,Institute of Medicine,Board on Global Health,Policy and Global Affairs,Development, Security, and Cooperation,Committee on Advances in Technology and the Prevention of Their Application to Next Generation Biowarfare Threats

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An International Perspective on Advancing Technologies and Strategies for Managing Dual-Use Risks

Report of a Workshop

As part of a study of current and future research in the life sciences that contains applications relevant to development of agents of biological origin 5 to 10 years into the future, an NRC/IOM committee held an international workshop in 2004 to examine advancing technologies from a global point of view. Experts from different fields and from around the world presented their diverse outlooks on these technologies and forces that drive technological progress; local and regional capacities for life sciences research, development, and application (both beneficial and nefarious); national perceptions of the dual-use risk of advancing technologies; and strategic measures that have been taken or could be taken to manage the use of technology for malevolent purposes. This report summarizes the formal and informal discussions held at the workshop.

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156

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National Academies Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

0309181429

ISBN 13

9780309181426

The 2nd International Forum on Biosecurity

Summary of an International Meeting

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The 2nd International Forum on Biosecurity

Summary of an International Meeting

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158

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National Academies Press

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0309128293

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9780309128292

Countering Bioterrorism

The Role of Science and Technology

By: National Research Council,Institute of Medicine,Committee on Science and Technology for Countering Terrorism,Panel on Biological Issues

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Countering Bioterrorism

The Role of Science and Technology

By: National Research Council,Institute of Medicine,Committee on Science and Technology for Countering Terrorism,Panel on Biological Issues

The attacks of September 11 and the release of anthrax spores revealed enormous vulnerabilities in the U.S. public-health infrastructure and suggested similar vulnerabilities in the agricultural infrastructure as well. The traditional public health response-surveillance (intelligence), prevention, detection, response, recovery, and attribution-is the paradigm for the national response not only to all forms of terrorism but also to emerging infectious diseases. Thus, investments in research on bioterrorism will have enormous potential for application in the detection, prevention, and treatment of emerging infectious diseases that also are unpredictable and against which we must be prepared. The deciphering of the human genome sequence and the complete elucidation of numerous pathogen genomes, our rapidly increasing understanding of the molecular mechanisms of pathogenesis and of immune responses, and new strategies for designing drugs and vaccines all offer unprecedented opportunities to use science to counter bioterrorist threats. But these same developments also allow science to be misused to create new agents of mass destruction. Hence the effort to confront bioterrorism must be a global one. Countering Bioterrorism makes the following recommendations: Recommendation 1: All agencies with responsibility for homeland security should work together to establish stronger and more meaningful working ties between the intelligence, S&T, and public health communities. Recommendation 2: Federal agencies should work cooperatively and in collaboration with industry to develop and evaluate rapid, sensitive, and specific early-detection technologies. Recommendation 3: Create a global network for detection and surveillance, making use of computerized methods for real-time reporting and analysis to rapidly detect new patterns of disease locally, nationally, and ultimately- internationally. The use of high-throughput methodologies that are being increasingly utilized in modern biological research should be an important component of this expanded and highly automated surveillance strategy. Recommendation 4: Use knowledge of complex biological patterns and high-throughput laboratory automation to classify and diagnose infections in patients in primary care settings. Recommendation 5: USDA should create an agency for control and prevention of plant disease. This agency should have the capabilities necessary to deal effectively with biothreats.

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105

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National Academies Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

0309086078

ISBN 13

9780309086073

The Biological Weapons Green Paper

Report, Together with Proceedings of the Committee, Minutes of Evidence and Appendices

By: Great Britain. Parliament. House of Commons. Foreign Affairs Committee

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The Biological Weapons Green Paper

Report, Together with Proceedings of the Committee, Minutes of Evidence and Appendices

By: Great Britain. Parliament. House of Commons. Foreign Affairs Committee

This report presents the Committee's considerations on the threat from biological weapons and international measures to control them, in the light of the Government's Green Paper "Strengthening the Biological and toxin weapons convention" published in April 2002 (Cm. 5484, ISBN 0101548427). The Committee finds that the level of threat to the UK from biological weapons must not be underestimated, and that it is a global problem which cannot be addressed through national measures alone. It welcomes the Government's commitment to dealing with the issue internationally, and its decision to launch a debate through publication of the Green Paper. Recommendations include: in the light of current security threats to the UK, the Government strengthen its control over biotechnological research in British universities and research institutions; and consider the establishment of a central authority responsible for control of dangerous pathogens in the UK.

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ISBN 10

0215006739

ISBN 13

9780215006738

Biotechnology Research in an Age of Terrorism

By: National Research Council,Policy and Global Affairs,Development, Security, and Cooperation,Committee on Research Standards and Practices to Prevent the Destructive Application of Biotechnology

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Biotechnology Research in an Age of Terrorism

By: National Research Council,Policy and Global Affairs,Development, Security, and Cooperation,Committee on Research Standards and Practices to Prevent the Destructive Application of Biotechnology

In recent years much has happened to justify an examination of biological research in light of national security concerns. The destructive application of biotechnology research includes activities such as spreading common pathogens or transforming them into even more lethal forms. Policymakers and the scientific community at large must put forth a vigorous and immediate response to this challenge. This new book by the National Research Council recommends that the government expand existing regulations and rely on self-governance by scientists rather than adopt intrusive new policies. One key recommendation of the report is that the government should not attempt to regulate scientific publishing but should trust scientists and journals to screen their papers for security risks, a task some journals have already taken up. With biological information and tools widely distributed, regulating only U.S. researchers would have little effect. A new International Forum on Biosecurity should encourage the adoption of similar measures around the world. Seven types of risky studies would require approval by the Institutional Biosafety Committees that already oversee recombinant DNA research at some 400 U.S. institutions. These "experiments of concern" include making an infectious agent more lethal and rendering vaccines powerless.

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164

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National Academies Press

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ISBN 10

0309089778

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9780309089777

Book's by Committee on Trends in Science and Technology Relevant to the Biological Weapons Convention: An International Workshop

Life Sciences and Related Fields

Life Sciences and Related Fields

Life Sciences and Related Fields

Life Sciences and Related Fields

The 2nd International Forum on Biosecurity

The 2nd International Forum on Biosecurity

Challenges and Opportunities for Education About Dual Use Issues in the Life Sciences

Challenges and Opportunities for Education About Dual Use Issues in the Life Sciences

An International Perspective on Advancing Technologies and Strategies for Managing Dual-Use Risks

An International Perspective on Advancing Technologies and Strategies for Managing Dual-Use Risks

The 2nd International Forum on Biosecurity

The 2nd International Forum on Biosecurity

Countering Bioterrorism

Countering Bioterrorism

The Biological Weapons Green Paper

The Biological Weapons Green Paper

Biotechnology Research in an Age of Terrorism

Biotechnology Research in an Age of Terrorism

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