Committee on Strategies to Protect the Health of Deployed U.S. Forces's Books

Protecting Those Who Serve

Strategies to Protect the Health of Deployed U.S. Forces

By: Institute of Medicine,Committee on Strategies to Protect the Health of Deployed U.S. Forces

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Protecting Those Who Serve

Strategies to Protect the Health of Deployed U.S. Forces

By: Institute of Medicine,Committee on Strategies to Protect the Health of Deployed U.S. Forces

Since the Gulf War ended in 1991, various constituencies, including a significant number of veterans, speculate that unidentified risk factors led to chronic, medically unexplained illnesses, and these constituencies challenge the depth of the military's commitment to protect the health of deployed troops. Despite general concurrence in findings to support these claims, few changes have been made at the field level. The most important recommendations remain unimplemented, despite the compelling rationale for urgent action. Protecting Those Who Serve illuminates these recommendations and government-developed plans that remain inactive due to a lack of authority within the Department of Defense, while describing the dangers that may result from failure to protect our forces in the field.

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112

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National Academies Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

0309073626

ISBN 13

9780309073622

Protecting Those Who Serve

Strategies to Protect the Health of Deployed U.S. Forces

By: Institute of Medicine,Committee on Strategies to Protect the Health of Deployed U.S. Forces

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Protecting Those Who Serve

Strategies to Protect the Health of Deployed U.S. Forces

By: Institute of Medicine,Committee on Strategies to Protect the Health of Deployed U.S. Forces

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112

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National Academies Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

0309071895

ISBN 13

9780309071895

Gulf War and Health

Volume 1: Depleted Uranium, Sarin, Pyridostigmine Bromide, and Vaccines

By: Institute of Medicine,Division of Health Promotion and Disease Prevention,Committee on Health Effects Associated with Exposures During the Gulf War

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Gulf War and Health

Volume 1: Depleted Uranium, Sarin, Pyridostigmine Bromide, and Vaccines

By: Institute of Medicine,Division of Health Promotion and Disease Prevention,Committee on Health Effects Associated with Exposures During the Gulf War

The men and women who served in the Gulf War theater were potentially exposed to a wide range of biological and chemical agents. Gulf War and Health: Volume 1 assesses the scientific literature concerning the association between these agents and the adverse health effects currently experienced by a large number of veterans.

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426

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National Academies Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

030907178X

ISBN 13

9780309071789

Review of the Army's Technical Guides on Assessing and Managing Chemical Hazards to Deployed Personnel

By: National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Board on Environmental Studies and Toxicology,Committee on Toxicology,Subcommittee on the Toxicological Risks to Deployed Military Personnel

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Review of the Army's Technical Guides on Assessing and Managing Chemical Hazards to Deployed Personnel

To guide mission planning, military decision makers need information on the health risks of potential exposures to individual soldiers and their potential impact on mission operations. To help with the assessment of chemical hazards, the U.S. Army Center for Health Promotion and Preventive Medicine developed three technical guides for characterizing chemicals in terms of their risks to the mission and to the health of the force. The report reviews these guides for their scientific validity and conformance with current risk-assessment practices. The report finds that the military exposure guidelines are appropriate (with some modification) for providing force health protection, but that for assessing mission risk, a new set of exposure guidelines is needed that predict concentrations at which health effects would degrade the performance of enough soldiers to hinder mission accomplishment.

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Page Count

215

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National Academies Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

0309092213

ISBN 13

9780309092210

Gulf War and Health

Volume 11: Generational Health Effects of Serving in the Gulf War

By: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Health and Medicine Division,Board on Population Health and Public Health Practice,Committee on Gulf War and Health, Volume 11: Generational Health Effects of Serving in the Gulf War

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Gulf War and Health

Volume 11: Generational Health Effects of Serving in the Gulf War

For the United States, the 1991 Persian Gulf War was a brief and successful military operation with few injuries and deaths. However, soon after returning from duty, a large number of veterans began reporting health problems they believed were associated with their service in the Gulf. At the request of Congress, the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine has been conducting an ongoing review of the evidence to determine veterans' long-term health problems and potential causes. Some of the health effects identified by past reports include post-traumatic stress disorders, other mental health disorders, Gulf War illness, respiratory effects, and self-reported sexual dysfunction. Veterans' concerns regarding the impacts of deployment-related exposures on their health have grown to include potential adverse effects on the health of their children and grandchildren. These concerns now increasingly involve female veterans, as more women join the military and are deployed to war zones and areas that pose potential hazards. Gulf War and Health: Volume 11 evaluates the scientific and medical literature on reproductive and developmental effects and health outcomes associated with Gulf War and Post-9/11 exposures, and designates research areas requiring further scientific study on potential health effects in the descendants of veterans of any era.

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519

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National Academies Press

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ISBN 10

030947826X

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9780309478267

Exposure Science in the 21st Century

A Vision and a Strategy

By: National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Board on Environmental Studies and Toxicology,Committee on Human and Environmental Exposure Science in the 21st Century

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Exposure Science in the 21st Century

A Vision and a Strategy

By: National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Board on Environmental Studies and Toxicology,Committee on Human and Environmental Exposure Science in the 21st Century

From the use of personal products to our consumption of food, water, and air, people are exposed to a wide array of agents each day-many with the potential to affect health. Exposure Science in the 21st Century: A Vision and A Strategy investigates the contact of humans or other organisms with those agents (that is, chemical, physical, and biologic stressors) and their fate in living systems. The concept of exposure science has been instrumental in helping us understand how stressors affect human and ecosystem health, and in efforts to prevent or reduce contact with harmful stressors. In this way exposure science has played an integral role in many areas of environmental health, and can help meet growing needs in environmental regulation, urban and ecosystem planning, and disaster management. Exposure Science in the 21st Century: A Vision and A Strategy explains that there are increasing demands for exposure science information, for example to meet needs for data on the thousands of chemicals introduced into the market each year, and to better understand the health effects of prolonged low-level exposure to stressors. Recent advances in tools and technologies-including sensor systems, analytic methods, molecular technologies, computational tools, and bioinformatics-have provided the potential for more accurate and comprehensive exposure science data than ever before. This report also provides a roadmap to take advantage of the technologic innovations and strategic collaborations to move exposure science into the future.

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Page Count

210

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National Academies Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

0309264685

ISBN 13

9780309264686

Naval Forces' Defense Capabilities Against Chemical and Biological Warfare Threats

By: National Research Council,Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences,Naval Studies Board,Committee for an Assessment of Naval Forces' Defense Capabilities Against Chemical and Biological Warfare Threats

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Naval Forces' Defense Capabilities Against Chemical and Biological Warfare Threats

U.S. naval forces must be prepared to respond to a broad array of threats. Of increasing importance are those from chemical and biological warfare (CW and BW). To help review its current state of preparedness, the Chief of Naval Operations asked the National Research Council (NRC) to assess the U.S. Navy's defense capabilities against CW and BW threats. In particular to what extent are they being developed to enable naval forces to sense and analyze quickly the presence of chemical and biological agents, withstand or avoid exposure to such agents, deal with contamination under a broad spectrum of operational conditions, and over what period will these capabilities be realized. This report presents the results of that assessment. It provides an overview of the potential threats, and an evaluation of the Navy's operations, non-medical programs, and medical countermeasures designed to confront those threats. The report also presents a series of general and specific findings and recommendations based on these assessments.

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214

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National Academies Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

0309165873

ISBN 13

9780309165877

Making the Nation Safer

The Role of Science and Technology in Countering Terrorism

By: National Research Council,Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences,Committee on Science and Technology for Countering Terrorism

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Making the Nation Safer

The Role of Science and Technology in Countering Terrorism

By: National Research Council,Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences,Committee on Science and Technology for Countering Terrorism

Vulnerabilities abound in U.S. society. The openness and efficiency of our key infrastructures â€" transportation, information and telecommunications systems, health systems, the electric power grid, emergency response units, food and water supplies, and others â€" make them susceptible to terrorist attacks. Making the Nation Safer discusses technical approaches to mitigating these vulnerabilities. A broad range of topics are covered in this book, including: Nuclear and radiological threats, such as improvised nuclear devices and "dirty bombs;" Bioterrorism, medical research, agricultural systems and public health; Toxic chemicals and explosive materials; Information technology, such as communications systems, data management, cyber attacks, and identification and authentication systems; Energy systems, such as the electrical power grid and oil and natural gas systems; Transportation systems; Cities and fixed infrastructures, such as buildings, emergency operations centers, and tunnels; The response of people to terrorism, such as how quality of life and morale of the population can be a target of terrorists and how people respond to terrorist attacks; and Linked infrastructures, i.e. the vulnerabilities that result from the interdependencies of key systems. In each of these areas, there are recommendations on how to immediately apply existing knowledge and technology to make the nation safer and on starting research and development programs that could produce innovations that will strengthen key systems and protect us against future threats. The book also discusses issues affecting the government's ability to carry out the necessary science and engineering programs and the important role of industry, universities, and states, counties, and cities in homeland security efforts. A long term commitment to homeland security is necessary to make the nation safer, and this book lays out a roadmap of how science and engineering can assist in countering terrorism.

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440

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National Academies Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

0309182727

ISBN 13

9780309182720

Occupational Health and Workplace Monitoring at Chemical Agent Disposal Facilities

By: National Research Council,Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences,Board on Army Science and Technology,Committee on Review and Evaluation of the Army Chemical Stockpile Disposal Program

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Occupational Health and Workplace Monitoring at Chemical Agent Disposal Facilities

By: National Research Council,Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences,Board on Army Science and Technology,Committee on Review and Evaluation of the Army Chemical Stockpile Disposal Program

In keeping with a congressional mandate (Public Law 104-484) and the Chemical Weapons Convention, the United States is currently destroying its chemical weapons stockpile. The Army must ensure that the chemical demilitarization workforce is protected from the risks of exposure to hazardous chemicals during disposal operations and during and after facility closure. Good industrial practices developed in the chemical and nuclear energy industries and other operations that involve the processing of hazardous materials include workplace monitoring of hazardous species and a systematic occupational health program for monitoring workers' activities and health. In this report, the National Research Council Committee on Review and Evaluation of the Army Chemical Stockpile Disposal Program examines the methods and systems used at JACADS and TOCDF, the two operational facilities, to monitor the concentrations of airborne and condensed-phase chemical agents, agent breakdown products, and other substances of concern. The committee also reviews the occupational health programs at these sites, including their industrial hygiene and occupational medicine components. Finally, it evaluates the nature, quality, and utility of records of workplace chemical monitoring and occupational health programs.

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National Academies Press

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ISBN 10

0309183340

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9780309183345

Gulf War Veterans

Measuring Health

By: Institute of Medicine,Committee on Measuring the Health of Gulf War Veterans

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Gulf War Veterans

Measuring Health

By: Institute of Medicine,Committee on Measuring the Health of Gulf War Veterans

Many individuals, groups, and federal agencies have a strong interest in finding answers to the numerous and complex questions regarding the health of Gulf War veterans. Various types of research and health measurement are needed to address these diverse issues. The Institute of Medicine (IOM) was asked by the Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) and the Department of Defense (DoD) to undertake a study to identify important questions concerning the health of Gulf War veterans and then to design a study to answer those questions. The committee determined that it is of fundamental importance to ask how healthy are Gulf War veterans? Are they as healthy as others? What characteristics are associated with differences between the health of Gulf War veterans and the health of others? To address these questions, it will be necessary to measure not only the health status of those who served in the Gulf War, but also to compare Gulf War veterans with other groups. Further, one must continue to follow these groups through time to determine whether the groups differ in the way their health status is changing. As the committee began to develop a design that would address the fundamental questions identified, it realized that such a study could have important implications for understanding not only the health of Gulf War veterans, but also the health of veterans of other conflicts.

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136

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National Academies Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

0309065801

ISBN 13

9780309065801

Protecting Our Forces

Improving Vaccine Acquisition and Availability in the U.S. Military

By: Institute of Medicine,Medical Follow-up Agency,Committee on a Strategy for Minimizing the Impact of Naturally Occurring Infectious Diseases of Military Importance: Vaccine Issues in the U.S. Military

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Protecting Our Forces

Improving Vaccine Acquisition and Availability in the U.S. Military

Infectious diseases continue to pose a substantial threat to the operational capacity of military forces. Protecting Our Forces reviews the process by which the U.S. military acquires vaccines to protect its warfighters from natural infectious disease threats. The committee found that poorly aligned acquisition processes and an inadequate commitment of financial resources within the Department of Defense vaccine acquisition process â€" rather than uncleared scientific or technological hurdles â€" contribute to the unavailability of some vaccines that could protect military personnel and, implicitly, the welfare and security of the nation. Protecting Our Forces outlines ways in which DoD might strengthen its acquisition process and improve vaccine availability. Recommendations, which include combining all DoD vaccine acquisition responsibilities under a single DoD authority, cover four broad aspects of the acquisition process: (1) organization, authority, and responsibility; (2) program and budget; (3)manufacturing; (4) and the regulatory status of special-use vaccines.

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159

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National Academies Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

0309084997

ISBN 13

9780309084994

Long-Term Health Consequences of Exposure to Burn Pits in Iraq and Afghanistan

By: Institute of Medicine,Board on the Health of Select Populations,Committee on the Long-Term Health Consequences of Exposure to Burn Pits in Iraq and Afghanistan

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Long-Term Health Consequences of Exposure to Burn Pits in Iraq and Afghanistan

By: Institute of Medicine,Board on the Health of Select Populations,Committee on the Long-Term Health Consequences of Exposure to Burn Pits in Iraq and Afghanistan

Many veterans returning from the conflicts in Iraq and Afghanistan have health problems they believe are related to their exposure to the smoke from the burning of waste in open-air "burn pits" on military bases. Particular controversy surrounds the burn pit used to dispose of solid waste at Joint Base Balad in Iraq, which burned up to 200 tons of waste per day in 2007. The Department of Veterans Affairs asked the IOM to form a committee to determine the long-term health effects from exposure to these burn pits. Insufficient evidence prevented the IOM committee from developing firm conclusions. This report, therefore, recommends that, along with more efficient data-gathering methods, a study be conducted that would evaluate the health status of service members from their time of deployment over many years to determine their incidence of chronic diseases.

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192

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National Academies Press

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ISBN 10

0309217555

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9780309217552

Book's by Committee on Strategies to Protect the Health of Deployed U.S. Forces

Protecting Those Who Serve

Protecting Those Who Serve

Protecting Those Who Serve

Protecting Those Who Serve

Gulf War and Health

Gulf War and Health

Review of the Army's Technical Guides on Assessing and Managing Chemical Hazards to Deployed Personnel

Review of the Army's Technical Guides on Assessing and Managing Chemical Hazards to Deployed Personnel

Gulf War and Health

Gulf War and Health

Exposure Science in the 21st Century

Exposure Science in the 21st Century

Naval Forces' Defense Capabilities Against Chemical and Biological Warfare Threats

Naval Forces' Defense Capabilities Against Chemical and Biological Warfare Threats

Making the Nation Safer

Making the Nation Safer

Occupational Health and Workplace Monitoring at Chemical Agent Disposal Facilities

Occupational Health and Workplace Monitoring at Chemical Agent Disposal Facilities

Gulf War Veterans

Gulf War Veterans

Protecting Our Forces

Protecting Our Forces

Long-Term Health Consequences of Exposure to Burn Pits in Iraq and Afghanistan

Long-Term Health Consequences of Exposure to Burn Pits in Iraq and Afghanistan

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