Committee on Regulating Occupational Exposure to Tuberculosis's Books

Tuberculosis in the Workplace

By: Institute of Medicine,Division of Health Promotion and Disease Prevention,Committee on Regulating Occupational Exposure to Tuberculosis

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Tuberculosis in the Workplace

By: Institute of Medicine,Division of Health Promotion and Disease Prevention,Committee on Regulating Occupational Exposure to Tuberculosis

Before effective treatments were introduced in the 1950s, tuberculosis was a leading cause of death and disability in the United States. Health care workers were at particular risk. Although the occupational risk of tuberculosis has been declining in recent years, this new book from the Institute of Medicine concludes that vigilance in tuberculosis control is still needed in workplaces and communities. Tuberculosis in the Workplace reviews evidence about the effectiveness of control measuresâ€"such as those recommended by the Centers for Disease Control and Preventionâ€"intended to prevent transmission of tuberculosis in health care and other workplaces. It discusses whether proposed regulations from the Occupational Safety and Health Administration would likely increase or sustain compliance with effective control measures and would allow adequate flexibility to adapt measures to the degree of risk facing workers.

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334

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National Academies Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

0309171253

ISBN 13

9780309171250

Tuberculosis in the Workplace

By: Institute of Medicine,Division of Health Promotion and Disease Prevention,Committee on Regulating Occupational Exposure to Tuberculosis

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Tuberculosis in the Workplace

By: Institute of Medicine,Division of Health Promotion and Disease Prevention,Committee on Regulating Occupational Exposure to Tuberculosis

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335

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National Academies Press

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ISBN 10

0309073308

ISBN 13

9780309073301

Improving the Social Security Disability Decision Process

By: Institute of Medicine,Board on Military and Veterans Health,Committee on Improving the Disability Decision Process: SSA's Listing of Impairments and Agency Access to Medical Expertise

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Improving the Social Security Disability Decision Process

By: Institute of Medicine,Board on Military and Veterans Health,Committee on Improving the Disability Decision Process: SSA's Listing of Impairments and Agency Access to Medical Expertise

The Social Security Administration (SSA) provides Social Security Disability Insurance (SSDI) benefits to disabled persons of less than full retirement age and to their dependents. SSA also provides Supplemental Security Income (SSI) payments to disabled persons who are under age 65. For both programs, disability is defined as a "medically determinable physical or mental impairment" that prevents an individual from engaging in any substantial gainful activity and is expected to last at least 12 months or result in death. Assuming that an applicant meets the nonmedical requirements for eligibility (e.g., quarters of covered employment for SSDI; income and asset limits for SSI), the file is sent to the Disability Determination Services (DDS) agency operated by the state in which he or she lives for a determination of medical eligibility. SSA reimburses the states for the full costs of the DDSs. The DDSs apply a sequential decision process specified by SSA to make an initial decision whether a claim should be allowed or denied. If the claim is denied, the decision can be appealed through several levels of administrative and judicial review. On average, the DDSs allow 37 percent of the claims they adjudicate through the five-step process. A third of those denied decide to appeal, and three-quarters of the appeals result in allowances. Nearly 30 percent of the allowances made each year are made during the appeals process after an initial denial. In 2003, the Commissioner of Social Security announced her intent to develop a "new approach" to disability determination. In late 2004, SSA asked the Institute of Medicine (IOM) to help in two areas related to its initiatives to improve the disability decision process: 1) Improvements in the criteria for determining the severity of impairments, and 2) Improvements in the use of medical expertise in the disability decision process. This interim report provides preliminary recommendations addressing the three tasks that relate to medical expertise issues, with a special focus on the appropriate qualifications of medical and psychological experts involved in disability decision making. After further information gathering and analyses of the effectiveness of the disability decision process in identifying those who qualify for benefits and those who do not, the committee may refine its recommendations concerning medical and psychological expertise in the final report. The final report will address a number of issues with potential implications for the qualifications of the medical experts involved in the disability decision process.

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290

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National Academies Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

0309103819

ISBN 13

9780309103817

HIV Screening and Access to Care

Exploring Barriers and Facilitators to Expanded HIV Testing

By: Institute of Medicine,Board on Population Health and Public Health Practice,Committee on HIV Screening and Access to Care

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HIV Screening and Access to Care

Exploring Barriers and Facilitators to Expanded HIV Testing

By: Institute of Medicine,Board on Population Health and Public Health Practice,Committee on HIV Screening and Access to Care

More than 200,000 people in the United States living with HIV/AIDS do not know they are infected. The Institute of Medicine's Committee on HIV Screening and Access to Care held a workshop and reviewed literature to explore barriers and facilitators to more widespread HIV testing. This book contains the committee's conclusions.

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National Academies Press

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ISBN 10

0309156610

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9780309156615

Book's by Committee on Regulating Occupational Exposure to Tuberculosis

Tuberculosis in the Workplace

Tuberculosis in the Workplace

Tuberculosis in the Workplace

Tuberculosis in the Workplace

Improving the Social Security Disability Decision Process

Improving the Social Security Disability Decision Process

HIV Screening and Access to Care

HIV Screening and Access to Care

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