Committee on National Monitoring of Human Tissues's Books

Monitoring Human Tissues for Toxic Substances

By: National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Commission on Life Sciences,Board on Environmental Studies and Toxicology,Committee on National Monitoring of Human Tissues

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Monitoring Human Tissues for Toxic Substances

By: National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Commission on Life Sciences,Board on Environmental Studies and Toxicology,Committee on National Monitoring of Human Tissues

The National Human Monitoring Program (NHMP) identifies concentrations of specific chemicals in human tissues, including toxicologic testing and risk assessment determinations. This volume evaluates the current activities of the NHMP; identifies important scientific, technical, and programmatic issues; and makes recommendations regarding the design of the program and use of its products.

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Page Count

224

Publisher

National Academies Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

0309044375

ISBN 13

9780309044370

Biologic Markers in Reproductive Toxicology

By: National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Commission on Life Sciences,Board on Environmental Studies and Toxicology,Committee on Biologic Markers,Subcommittee on Reproductive and Neurodevelopmental Toxicology

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Biologic Markers in Reproductive Toxicology

Does exposure to environmental toxicants inhibit our ability to have healthy children who develop normally? Biologic markersâ€"indicators that can tell us when environmental factors have caused a change at the cellular or biochemical level that might affect reproductive abilityâ€"are a promising tool for research aimed at answering that important question. Biologic Markers in Reproductive Toxicology examines the potential of these markers in environmental health studies; clarifies definitions, underlying concepts, and possible applications; and shows the benefits to be gained from their use in reproductive and neurodevelopmental research.

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Page Count

424

Publisher

National Academies Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

0309039797

ISBN 13

9780309039796

Veterans and Agent Orange

Health Effects of Herbicides Used in Vietnam

By: Institute of Medicine,Committee to Review the Health Effects in Vietnam Veterans of Exposure to Herbicides

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Veterans and Agent Orange

Health Effects of Herbicides Used in Vietnam

By: Institute of Medicine,Committee to Review the Health Effects in Vietnam Veterans of Exposure to Herbicides

Have U.S. military personnel experienced health problems from being exposed to Agent Orange, its dioxin contaminants, and other herbicides used in Vietnam? This definitive volume summarizes the strength of the evidence associating exposure during Vietnam service with cancer and other health effects and presents conclusions from an expert panel. Veterans and Agent Orange provides a historical review of the issue, examines studies of populations, in addition to Vietnam veterans, environmentally and occupationally exposed to herbicides and dioxin, and discusses problems in study methodology. The core of the book presents: What is known about the toxicology of the herbicides used in greatest quantities in Vietnam. What is known about assessing exposure to herbicides and dioxin. What can be determined from the wide range of epidemiological studies conducted by different authorities. What is known about the relationship between exposure to herbicides and dioxin, and cancer, reproductive effects, neurobehavioral disorders, and other health effects. The book describes research areas of continuing concern and offers recommendations for further research on the health effects of Agent Orange exposure among Vietnam veterans. This volume will be critically important to both policymakers and physicians in the federal government, Vietnam veterans and their families, veterans organizations, researchers, and health professionals.

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Page Count

833

Publisher

National Academies Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

0309048877

ISBN 13

9780309048873

Animals as Sentinels of Environmental Health Hazards

By: National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Commission on Life Sciences,Board on Environmental Studies and Toxicology,Committee on Animals as Monitors of Environmental Hazards

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Animals as Sentinels of Environmental Health Hazards

By: National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Commission on Life Sciences,Board on Environmental Studies and Toxicology,Committee on Animals as Monitors of Environmental Hazards

Studying animals in the environment may be a realistic and highly beneficial approach to identifying unknown chemical contaminants before they cause human harm. Animals as Sentinels of Environmental Health Hazards presents an overview of animal-monitoring programs, including detailed case studies of how animal health problemsâ€"such as the effects of DDT on wild bird populationsâ€"have led researchers to the sources of human health hazards. The authors examine the components and characteristics required for an effective animal-monitoring program, and they evaluate numerous existing programs, including in situ research, where an animal is placed in a natural setting for monitoring purposes.

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Page Count

173

Publisher

National Academies Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

0309040469

ISBN 13

9780309040464

Disposition of the Air Force Health Study

By: Institute of Medicine,Board on Population Health and Public Health Practice,Committee on the Disposition of the Air Force Health Study

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Disposition of the Air Force Health Study

By: Institute of Medicine,Board on Population Health and Public Health Practice,Committee on the Disposition of the Air Force Health Study

The Vietnam War was fought in a jungle environment that provided cover to the enemy and made battlefield observations difficult, so military strategists used herbicides to remove foliage along key roads and waterways, defoliate areas surrounding enemy bases and supply and communications routes, and improve visibility in heavily canopied forests. The last three decades have seen an ongoing debate about the effects of this military use of herbicides and the potential adverse long-term health effects on those who may have been exposed to these herbicides. In response to these concerns, the Air Force Health Study (AFHS) was created to investigate the potential relationship between the herbicides used and the health problems of those exposed. Disposition of the Air Force Health Study assesses the scientific merit of the AFHS operations and procedures, and makes recommendations for improvement.

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Page Count

277

Publisher

National Academies Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

0309100992

ISBN 13

9780309100991

Human Biomonitoring for Environmental Chemicals

By: National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Board on Environmental Studies and Toxicology,Committee on Human Biomonitoring for Environmental Toxicants

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Human Biomonitoring for Environmental Chemicals

By: National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Board on Environmental Studies and Toxicology,Committee on Human Biomonitoring for Environmental Toxicants

Biomonitoring—a method for measuring amounts of toxic chemicals in human tissues—is a valuable tool for studying potentially harmful environmental chemicals. Biomonitoring data have been used to confirm exposures to chemicals and validate public health policies. For example, population biomonitoring data showing high blood lead concentrations resulted in the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA's) regulatory reduction of lead in gasoline; biomonitoring data confirmed a resultant drop in blood lead concentrations. Despite recent advances, the science needed to understand the implications of the biomonitoring data for human health is still in its nascent stages. Use of the data also raises communication and ethical challenges. In response to a congressional request, EPA asked the National Research Council to address those challenges in an independent study. Human Biomonitoring for Environmental Chemicals provides a framework for improving the use of biomonitoring data including developing and using biomarkers (measures of exposure), research to improve the interpretation of data, ways to communicate findings to the public, and a review of ethical issues.

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