Committee on Multiple Sclerosis: Current Status and Strategies for the Future's Books

Multiple Sclerosis

Current Status and Strategies for the Future

By: Institute of Medicine,Board on Neuroscience and Behavioral Health,Committee on Multiple Sclerosis: Current Status and Strategies for the Future

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Multiple Sclerosis

Current Status and Strategies for the Future

By: Institute of Medicine,Board on Neuroscience and Behavioral Health,Committee on Multiple Sclerosis: Current Status and Strategies for the Future

Multiple sclerosis is a chronic and often disabling disease of the nervous system, affecting about 1 million people worldwide. Even though it has been known for over a hundred years, no cause or cure has yet been discovered-but now there is hope. New therapies have been shown to slow the disease progress in some patients, and the pace of discoveries about the cellular machinery of the brain and spinal cord has accelerated. This book presents a comprehensive overview of multiple sclerosis today, as researchers seek to understand its processes, develop therapies that will slow or halt the disease and perhaps repair damage, offer relief for specific symptoms, and improve the abilities of MS patients to function in their daily lives. The panel reviews existing knowledge and identifies key research questions, focusing on: Research strategies that have the greatest potential to understand the biological mechanisms of recovery and to translate findings into specific strategies for therapy. How people adapt to MS and the research needed to improve the lives of people with MS. Management of disease symptoms (cognitive impairment, depression, spasticity, vision problems, and others). The committee also discusses ways to build and financially support the MS research enterprise, including a look at challenges inherent in designing clinical trials. This book will be important to MS researchers, research funders, health care advocates for MS research and treatment, and interested patients and their families.

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Page Count

457

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National Academies Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

0309072859

ISBN 13

9780309072854

Improving the Presumptive Disability Decision-Making Process for Veterans

By: Institute of Medicine,Board on Military and Veterans Health,Committee on Evaluation of the Presumptive Disability Decision-Making Process for Veterans

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Improving the Presumptive Disability Decision-Making Process for Veterans

By: Institute of Medicine,Board on Military and Veterans Health,Committee on Evaluation of the Presumptive Disability Decision-Making Process for Veterans

The United States has long recognized and honored the service and sacrifices of its military and veterans. Veterans who have been injured by their service (whether their injury appears during service or afterwards) are owed appropriate health care and disability compensation. For some medical conditions that develop after military service, the scientific information needed to connect the health conditions to the circumstances of service may be incomplete. When information is incomplete, Congress or the Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) may need to make a "presumption" of service connection so that a group of veterans can be appropriately compensated. The missing information may be about the specific exposures of the veterans, or there may be incomplete scientific evidence as to whether an exposure during service causes the health condition of concern. For example, when the exposures of military personnel in Vietnam to Agent Orange could not be clearly documented, a presumption was established that all those who set foot on Vietnam soil were exposed to Agent Orange. The Institute of Medicine (IOM) Committee was charged with reviewing and describing how presumptions have been made in the past and, if needed, to make recommendations for an improved scientific framework that could be used in the future for determining if a presumption should be made. The Committee was asked to consider and describe the processes of all participants in the current presumptive disability decision-making process for veterans. The Committee was not asked to offer an opinion about past presumptive decisions or to suggest specific future presumptions. The Committee heard from a range of groups that figure into this decision-making process, including past and present staffers from Congress, the VA, the IOM, veterans service organizations, and individual veterans. The Department of Defense (DoD) briefed the Committee about its current activities and plans to better track the exposures and health conditions of military personnel. The Committee further documented the current process by developing case studies around exposures and health conditions for which presumptions had been made. Improving the Presumptive Disability Decision-Making Process for Veterans explains recommendations made by the committee general methods by which scientists, as well as government and other organizations, evaluate scientific evidence in order to determine if a specific exposure causes a health condition.

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813

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National Academies Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

030910730X

ISBN 13

9780309107303

Gulf War and Health

Volume 2: Insecticides and Solvents

By: Institute of Medicine,Board on Health Promotion and Disease Prevention,Committee on Gulf War and Health: Literature Review of Pesticides and Solvents

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Gulf War and Health

Volume 2: Insecticides and Solvents

By: Institute of Medicine,Board on Health Promotion and Disease Prevention,Committee on Gulf War and Health: Literature Review of Pesticides and Solvents

Gulf War and Health, Volume 2, is the second in a series of congressionally-mandated studies by the Institute of Medicine that provides a comprehensive assessment of the available scientific literature on potential health effects of exposure to certain biological, chemical, and environmental agents associated with the Gulf War. In this second study, the committee evaluated the published, peer-reviewed literature on exposure to insecticides and solvents thought to have been present during the 1990-1991 war. Because little information exists on actual exposure levels â€" a critical factor when assessing health effects â€" the committee could not draw specific conclusions about the health problems of Gulf War veterans. However, the study found some evidence, although usually limited, to link specific long-term health outcomes with exposure to certain insecticides and solvents. The next phase of the series will examine the literature on potential health effects associated with exposure to selected environmental pollutants and particulates, such as oil-well fires and jet fuels.

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617

Publisher

National Academies Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

0309168414

ISBN 13

9780309168410

Immunization Safety Review

Hepatitis B Vaccine and Demyelinating Neurological Disorders

By: Institute of Medicine,Board on Health Promotion and Disease Prevention,Immunization Safety Review Committee

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Immunization Safety Review

Hepatitis B Vaccine and Demyelinating Neurological Disorders

By: Institute of Medicine,Board on Health Promotion and Disease Prevention,Immunization Safety Review Committee

Immunization to protect infants and children from vaccine-preventable diseases is one of the greatest achievements of public health. Immunization is not without risks, however. It is well established, for example, that the oral polio vaccine can on rare occasion cause paralytic polio. The Immunization Safety Review Committee was established by the Institute of Medicine (IOM) to evaluate the available evidence on a series of immunization safety concerns. The committee is charged with examining three immunization safety hypotheses each year during the three-year study period (2001- 2003). While all of the committee members share the view that immunization is generally beneficial, none of them has a vested interest in the specific immunization safety issues that come before the group. In this report, which is the fourth in the series, the committee examines the hypothesis that the hepatitis B vaccine increases the risk for demyelinating disorders of the central or peripheral nervous systems, including multiple sclerosis (MS) and Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS).

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120

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National Academies Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

0309182832

ISBN 13

9780309182836

Priority Areas for National Action

Transforming Health Care Quality

By: Institute of Medicine,Board on Health Care Services,Committee on Identifying Priority Areas for Quality Improvement

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Priority Areas for National Action

Transforming Health Care Quality

By: Institute of Medicine,Board on Health Care Services,Committee on Identifying Priority Areas for Quality Improvement

A new release in the Quality Chasm Series, Priority Areas for National Action recommends a set of 20 priority areas that the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services and other groups in the public and private sectors should focus on to improve the quality of health care delivered to all Americans. The priority areas selected represent the entire spectrum of health care from preventive care to end of life care. They also touch on all age groups, health care settings and health care providers. Collective action in these areas could help transform the entire health care system. In addition, the report identifies criteria and delineates a process that DHHS may adopt to determine future priority areas.

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159

Publisher

National Academies Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

0309133173

ISBN 13

9780309133173

Safe Passage

Astronaut Care for Exploration Missions

By: Institute of Medicine,Board on Health Sciences Policy,Committee on Creating a Vision for Space Medicine During Travel Beyond Earth Orbit

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Safe Passage

Astronaut Care for Exploration Missions

By: Institute of Medicine,Board on Health Sciences Policy,Committee on Creating a Vision for Space Medicine During Travel Beyond Earth Orbit

Safe Passage: Astronaut Care for Exploration Missions sets forth a vision for space medicine as it applies to deep space voyage. As space missions increase in duration from months to years and extend well beyond Earth's orbit, so will the attendant risks of working in these extreme and isolated environmental conditions. Hazards to astronaut health range from greater radiation exposure and loss of bone and muscle density to intensified psychological stress from living with others in a confined space. Going beyond the body of biomedical research, the report examines existing space medicine clinical and behavioral research and health care data and the policies attendant to them. It describes why not enough is known today about the dangers of prolonged travel to enable humans to venture into deep space in a safe and sane manner. The report makes a number of recommendations concerning NASA's structure for clinical and behavioral research, on the need for a comprehensive astronaut health care system and on an approach to communicating health and safety risks to astronauts, their families, and the public.

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Page Count

318

Publisher

National Academies Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

0309075858

ISBN 13

9780309075855

Book's by Committee on Multiple Sclerosis: Current Status and Strategies for the Future

Multiple Sclerosis

Multiple Sclerosis

Improving the Presumptive Disability Decision-Making Process for Veterans

Improving the Presumptive Disability Decision-Making Process for Veterans

Gulf War and Health

Gulf War and Health

Immunization Safety Review

Immunization Safety Review

Priority Areas for National Action

Priority Areas for National Action

Safe Passage

Safe Passage

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