Committee on Measuring the Health of Gulf War Veterans's Books

Gulf War Veterans

Measuring Health

By: Institute of Medicine,Committee on Measuring the Health of Gulf War Veterans

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Gulf War Veterans

Measuring Health

By: Institute of Medicine,Committee on Measuring the Health of Gulf War Veterans

Many individuals, groups, and federal agencies have a strong interest in finding answers to the numerous and complex questions regarding the health of Gulf War veterans. Various types of research and health measurement are needed to address these diverse issues. The Institute of Medicine (IOM) was asked by the Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) and the Department of Defense (DoD) to undertake a study to identify important questions concerning the health of Gulf War veterans and then to design a study to answer those questions. The committee determined that it is of fundamental importance to ask how healthy are Gulf War veterans? Are they as healthy as others? What characteristics are associated with differences between the health of Gulf War veterans and the health of others? To address these questions, it will be necessary to measure not only the health status of those who served in the Gulf War, but also to compare Gulf War veterans with other groups. Further, one must continue to follow these groups through time to determine whether the groups differ in the way their health status is changing. As the committee began to develop a design that would address the fundamental questions identified, it realized that such a study could have important implications for understanding not only the health of Gulf War veterans, but also the health of veterans of other conflicts.

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136

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National Academies Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

0309184193

ISBN 13

9780309184199

Gulf War Veterans

Measuring Health

By: Institute of Medicine,Committee on Measuring the Health of Gulf War Veterans

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Gulf War Veterans

Measuring Health

By: Institute of Medicine,Committee on Measuring the Health of Gulf War Veterans

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National Academies Press

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ISBN 10

0309065801

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9780309065801

Improving the Presumptive Disability Decision-Making Process for Veterans

By: Institute of Medicine,Board on Military and Veterans Health,Committee on Evaluation of the Presumptive Disability Decision-Making Process for Veterans

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Improving the Presumptive Disability Decision-Making Process for Veterans

By: Institute of Medicine,Board on Military and Veterans Health,Committee on Evaluation of the Presumptive Disability Decision-Making Process for Veterans

The United States has long recognized and honored the service and sacrifices of its military and veterans. Veterans who have been injured by their service (whether their injury appears during service or afterwards) are owed appropriate health care and disability compensation. For some medical conditions that develop after military service, the scientific information needed to connect the health conditions to the circumstances of service may be incomplete. When information is incomplete, Congress or the Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) may need to make a "presumption" of service connection so that a group of veterans can be appropriately compensated. The missing information may be about the specific exposures of the veterans, or there may be incomplete scientific evidence as to whether an exposure during service causes the health condition of concern. For example, when the exposures of military personnel in Vietnam to Agent Orange could not be clearly documented, a presumption was established that all those who set foot on Vietnam soil were exposed to Agent Orange. The Institute of Medicine (IOM) Committee was charged with reviewing and describing how presumptions have been made in the past and, if needed, to make recommendations for an improved scientific framework that could be used in the future for determining if a presumption should be made. The Committee was asked to consider and describe the processes of all participants in the current presumptive disability decision-making process for veterans. The Committee was not asked to offer an opinion about past presumptive decisions or to suggest specific future presumptions. The Committee heard from a range of groups that figure into this decision-making process, including past and present staffers from Congress, the VA, the IOM, veterans service organizations, and individual veterans. The Department of Defense (DoD) briefed the Committee about its current activities and plans to better track the exposures and health conditions of military personnel. The Committee further documented the current process by developing case studies around exposures and health conditions for which presumptions had been made. Improving the Presumptive Disability Decision-Making Process for Veterans explains recommendations made by the committee general methods by which scientists, as well as government and other organizations, evaluate scientific evidence in order to determine if a specific exposure causes a health condition.

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813

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National Academies Press

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ISBN 10

0309164397

ISBN 13

9780309164399

Respiratory Health Effects of Airborne Hazards Exposures in the Southwest Asia Theater of Military Operations

By: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Health and Medicine Division,Board on Population Health and Public Health Practice,Committee on the Respiratory Health Effects of Airborne Hazards Exposures in the Southwest Asia Theater of Military Operations

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Respiratory Health Effects of Airborne Hazards Exposures in the Southwest Asia Theater of Military Operations

More than 3.7 million U.S. service members have participated in operations taking place in the Southwest Asia Theater of Military Operations since 1990. These operations include the 1990-1991 Persian Gulf War, a post-war stabilization period spanning 1992 through September 2001, and the campaigns undertaken in the wake of the September 11, 2001, attacks. Deployment to Iraq, Kuwait, Saudi Arabia, Bahrain, Gulf of Aden, Gulf of Oman, Oman, Qatar, the United Arab Emirates, and Afghanistan exposed service members to a number of airborne hazards, including oil-well fire smoke, emissions from open burn pits, dust and sand suspended in the air, and exhaust from diesel vehicles. The effects of these were compounded by stressors like excessive heat and noise that are inevitable attributes of service in a combat environment. Respiratory Health Effects of Airborne Hazards Exposures in the Southwest Asia Theater of Military Operations reviews the scientific evidence regarding respiratory health outcomes in veterans of the Southwest Asia conflicts and identifies research that could feasibly be conducted to address outstanding questions and generate answers, newly emerging technologies that could aid in these efforts, and organizations that the Veterans Administration might partner with to accomplish this work.

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271

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National Academies Press

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ISBN 10

0309679109

ISBN 13

9780309679107

Gulf War and Health

Volume 4: Health Effects of Serving in the Gulf War

By: Institute of Medicine,Board on Population Health and Public Health Practice,Committee on Gulf War and Health: A Review of the Medical Literature Relative to the Gulf War Veterans' Health

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Gulf War and Health

Volume 4: Health Effects of Serving in the Gulf War

By: Institute of Medicine,Board on Population Health and Public Health Practice,Committee on Gulf War and Health: A Review of the Medical Literature Relative to the Gulf War Veterans' Health

In 1998, in response to the growing concerns that many returning Gulf War veterans began reporting numerous health problems that they believed to be associated with their service in the Persian Gulf, Congress passed two laws which directed the Secretary of Veterans Affairs to enter into a contract with the National Academy of Sciences. They were tasked to review and evaluate the scientific and medical literature regarding associations between illness and exposure to toxic agents, environmental or wartime hazards, and preventive medicines or vaccines associated with Gulf War service. In addition, the Institute of Medicine of the National Academy of Sciences provided conclusions to these studies that were considered when making decisions about compensation to veterans. Gulf War and Health Volume 4: Health Effects of Serving in the Gulf War summarizes in one place the current status of health effects in veterans deployed to the Persian Gulf irrespective of exposure information. This book reviews, evaluates, and summarizes both peer-reviewed scientific and medical literature addressing the health status of Gulf War veterans.

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292

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National Academies Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

0309164567

ISBN 13

9780309164566

Gulf War and Health

Volume 10: Update of Health Effects of Serving in the Gulf War, 2016

By: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Institute of Medicine,Board on the Health of Select Populations,Committee on Gulf War and Health, Volume 10: Update of Health Effects of Serving in the Gulf War

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Gulf War and Health

Volume 10: Update of Health Effects of Serving in the Gulf War, 2016

For the United States, the 1991 Persian Gulf War was a brief and successful military operation with few injuries and deaths. However, soon after returning from duty, a large number of veterans began reporting health problems they believed were associated with their service in the Gulf. At the request of Congress, the Institute of Medicine (IOM) has been conducting an ongoing review of the evidence to determine veterans' long-term health problems and potential causes. The fourth volume in the series, released in 2006, summarizes the long-term health problems seen in Gulf War veterans. In 2010, the IOM released an update that focuses on existing health problems and identifies possible new ones, considering evidence collected since the initial summary. Gulf War and Health: Volume 10 is an update of the scientific and medical literature on the health effects associated with deployment to the Gulf War that were identified in Volumes 4 and 8. This report reviews and evaluates the associations between illness and exposure to toxic agents, environmental or wartime hazards, or preventive measures and vaccines associated with Gulf War service, and provides recommendations for future research efforts on Gulf War veterans.

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293

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National Academies Press

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ISBN 10

0309380448

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9780309380447

Gulf War and Health

Volume 1. Depleted Uranium, Pyridostigmine Bromide, Sarin, and Vaccines

By: Committee on Health Effects Associated with Exposures During the Gulf War,Division of Health Promotion and Disease Prevention,Institute of Medicine

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Gulf War and Health

Volume 1. Depleted Uranium, Pyridostigmine Bromide, Sarin, and Vaccines

By: Committee on Health Effects Associated with Exposures During the Gulf War,Division of Health Promotion and Disease Prevention,Institute of Medicine

The men and women who served in the Gulf War theater were potentially exposed to a wide range of biological and chemical agents. Gulf War and Health: Volume 1 assesses the scientific literature concerning the association between these agents and the adverse health effects currently experienced by a large number of veterans.

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426

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National Academies Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

0309171628

ISBN 13

9780309171625

Returning Home from Iraq and Afghanistan

Preliminary Assessment of Readjustment Needs of Veterans, Service Members, and Their Families

By: Institute of Medicine,Board on the Health of Select Populations,Committee on the Initial Assessment of Readjustment Needs of Military Personnel, Veterans, and Their Families

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Returning Home from Iraq and Afghanistan

Preliminary Assessment of Readjustment Needs of Veterans, Service Members, and Their Families

By: Institute of Medicine,Board on the Health of Select Populations,Committee on the Initial Assessment of Readjustment Needs of Military Personnel, Veterans, and Their Families

Nearly 1.9 million U.S. troops have been deployed to Afghanistan and Iraq since October 2001. Many service members and veterans face serious challenges in readjusting to normal life after returning home. This initial book presents findings on the most critical challenges, and lays out the blueprint for the second phase of the study to determine how best to meet the needs of returning troops and their families.

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193

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National Academies Press

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ISBN 10

0309152852

ISBN 13

9780309152853

Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis in Veterans

Review of the Scientific Literature

By: Institute of Medicine,Board on Population Health and Public Health Practice,Committee on the Review of the Scientific Literature on Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis in Veterans

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Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis in Veterans

Review of the Scientific Literature

By: Institute of Medicine,Board on Population Health and Public Health Practice,Committee on the Review of the Scientific Literature on Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis in Veterans

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) our Lou Gehrig's disease is a fatal, mostly non-familial disease that affects the nervous system of humans by causing the degeneration of nerve cells in the brain and spinal cord. The degeneration halts communication between the nervous system and voluntary muscles in the body. This leads to muscle paralysis and eventually the muscles that aid in breathing are affect; causing respiration to fail. The disease, which affects 20,000-30,000 men and women in the United States at any given time, has no effective treatment; most people with ALS die from respiratory failure within 5 years of the onset of symptoms. Recent epidemiologic studies report an association between the development of ALS and prior service in the U.S. military. The studies evaluated either veterans of the 1991 Persian Gulf War or veterans who served in the military in the period 1910-1982. Due to these findings, the Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) asked the National Academies to conduct an assessment of the potential relationship between military service and the later development of ALS. The project was assigned to the Institute of Medicine (IOM), which appointed a committee and gave it the task of evaluating the scientific literature on ALS in veterans. The committee began its work by identifying medical and scientific literature on ALS. PubMed, a database created and managed by the National Library of Medicine. Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis in Veterans; Review of the Scientific Literature presents the findings of this committee. The committee reviewed, evaluated, and summarized the scientific literature on ALS in veterans, composed primarily of peer-reviewed, published literature. This report includes the recommendations of the committee.

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ISBN 10

0309180791

ISBN 13

9780309180795

Review of VA Clinical Guidance for the Health Conditions Identified by the Camp Lejeune Legislation

By: Institute of Medicine,Board on the Health of Select Populations,Committee on the Review of Clinical Guidance for the Care of Health Conditions Identified by the Camp Lejeune Legislation

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Review of VA Clinical Guidance for the Health Conditions Identified by the Camp Lejeune Legislation

By: Institute of Medicine,Board on the Health of Select Populations,Committee on the Review of Clinical Guidance for the Care of Health Conditions Identified by the Camp Lejeune Legislation

U.S. Marine Corps Base Camp Lejeune, located in eastern North Carolina, is a large installation that covers 156,000 acres and is home at any given time to a population of about 170,000 active-duty personnel, family members, retirees, and civilian employees living on base or in the surrounding community. Between 1957 and 1987, the ground water at Camp Lejeune was inadvertently contaminated with chemicals, primarily industrial solvents that are now known to cause cancer and other health problems. In 1980, drinking water contaminants, primarily trichloroethylene (TCE) and perchloroethylene (PCE), as well as other solvents, were first detected at Camp Lejeune in treated drinking water. The contaminated wells were closed in 1987. In 1989, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency placed Camp Lejeune on the National Priorities List, also known as Superfund. It is estimated that between 500,000 and 1,000,000 people may have used the contaminated water and many of them continue to have concerns about the long-term effects that might result from that exposure. In 2012 Congress passed the Honoring America's Veterans and Caring for Camp Lejeune Families Act. The law provides health benefits to veterans and family members who have any of 15 health outcomes associated with exposure to TCE, PCE, or solvent mixtures. At the request of the Veteran's Administration, Review of the VA Guidance for the Health Conditions Identified by the Camp Lejeune Legislation reviews the latest scientific literature to ensure that the clinical guidance provided for the 15 covered medical conditions is scientifically sound. This report also describes the medical conditions that result from renal toxicity due to solvent exposures and characterizes neurobehavioral effects as mandated for coverage in the law.

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249

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National Academies Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

0309316030

ISBN 13

9780309316033

Review of the Department of Defense Enhanced Particulate Matter Surveillance Program Report

By: National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Board on Environmental Studies and Toxicology,Committee for Review of the DOD's Enhanced Particulate Matter Surveillance Program Report

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Review of the Department of Defense Enhanced Particulate Matter Surveillance Program Report

Soldiers deployed during the 1991 Persian Gulf War were exposed to high concentrations of particulate matter (PM) and other airborne pollutants. Their exposures were largely the result of daily windblown dust, dust storms, and smoke from oil fires. On returning from deployment, many veterans complained of persistent respiratory symptoms. With the renewed activity in the Middle East over the last few years, deployed military personnel are again exposed to dust storms and daily windblown dust in addition to other types of PM, such as diesel exhaust and particles from open-pit burning. On the basis of the high concentrations observed and concerns about the potential health effects, DOD designed and implemented a study to characterize and quantify the PM in the ambient environment at 15 sites in the Middle East. The endeavor is known as the DOD Enhanced Particulate Matter Surveillance Program (EPMSP). The U.S. Army asked the National Research Council to review the EPMSP report. In response, the present evaluation considers the potential acute and chronic health implications on the basis of information presented in the report. It also considers epidemiologic and health-surveillance data collected by the USACHPPM, to assess potential health implications for deployed personnel, and recommends methods for reducing or characterizing health risks.

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106

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National Academies Press

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ISBN 10

0309154138

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9780309154130

Gulf War and Health

Volume 4: Health Effects of Serving in the Gulf War

By: Institute of Medicine,Board on Population Health and Public Health Practice,Committee on Gulf War and Health: A Review of the Medical Literature Relative to the Gulf War Veterans' Health

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Gulf War and Health

Volume 4: Health Effects of Serving in the Gulf War

By: Institute of Medicine,Board on Population Health and Public Health Practice,Committee on Gulf War and Health: A Review of the Medical Literature Relative to the Gulf War Veterans' Health

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292

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National Academies Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

0309164567

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9780309164566

Gulf War and Health

Volume 10: Update of Health Effects of Serving in the Gulf War, 2016

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Gulf War and Health

Volume 10: Update of Health Effects of Serving in the Gulf War, 2016

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0309380448

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9780309380447

National Center for Military Deployment Health Research

By: Institute of Medicine,Committee on a National Center on War-Related Illnesses and Postdeployment Health Issues

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National Center for Military Deployment Health Research

By: Institute of Medicine,Committee on a National Center on War-Related Illnesses and Postdeployment Health Issues

Concerns about the health of veterans of recent military conflicts have given rise to broader questions regarding the health consequences of service in any major military engagement. The Veterans Program Enhancement Act of 1998 directed the Secretary of Veterans Affairs to enter into an agreement with the National Academy of Sciences to help develop a plan for establishing' a national center (or centers) for the study of war-related illnesses and postdeployment health issues. In response to this legislation, the Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) asked the Institute of Medicine (IOM) to convene a committee of experts. The charge to the committee was to (1) assist the VA in developing a plan for establishing a national center (or centers) for the study of war-related illnesses and postdeployment health issues, and (2) assess preliminary VA plans and make recommendations regarding such efforts.

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National Academies Press

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ISBN 10

030918441X

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9780309184410

Health Consequences of Service During the Persian Gulf War

Recommendations for Research and Information Systems

By: Institute of Medicine,Medical Follow-up Agency,Committee to Review the Health Consequences of Service During the Persian Gulf War

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Health Consequences of Service During the Persian Gulf War

Recommendations for Research and Information Systems

By: Institute of Medicine,Medical Follow-up Agency,Committee to Review the Health Consequences of Service During the Persian Gulf War

In January 1995 the Institute of Medicine released a preliminary report containing initial findings and recommendations on the federal government's response to reports by some veterans and their families that they were suffering from illnesses related to military service in the Persian Gulf War. The committee was asked to review the government's means of collecting and maintaining information for assessing the health consequences of military service and to recommend improvements and epidemiological studies if warranted. This new volume reflects an additional year of study by the committee and the full results of its three-year effort.

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205

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National Academies Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

0309175526

ISBN 13

9780309175524

Gulf War and Health

Volume 8: Update of Health Effects of Serving in the Gulf War

By: Institute of Medicine,Board on the Health of Select Populations,Committee on Gulf War and Health: Health Effects of Serving in the Gulf War, Update 2009

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Gulf War and Health

Volume 8: Update of Health Effects of Serving in the Gulf War

By: Institute of Medicine,Board on the Health of Select Populations,Committee on Gulf War and Health: Health Effects of Serving in the Gulf War, Update 2009

For the United States, the 1991 Persian Gulf War was a brief and successful military operation with few injuries and deaths. However, soon after returning from duty, a large number of veterans began reporting health problems they believed were associated with their service in the Gulf. At the request of Congress, the IOM is conducting an ongoing review of the evidence to determine veterans' long-term health problems and what might be causing those problems. The fourth volume in the series, released in 2006, summarizes the long-term health problems seen in Gulf War veterans. In 2008, the IOM began an update to look at existing health problems and identify possible new ones, considering evidence collected since the initial summary. In this report, the IOM determines that Gulf War service causes post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and that service is associated with multisymptom illness; gastrointestinal disorders such as irritable bowel syndrome; alcohol and other substance abuse; and anxiety disorders and other psychiatric disorders. To ensure that our veterans receive the best possible care, now and in the future, the government should continue to monitor their health and conduct research to identify the best treatments to assist Gulf War veterans still suffering from persistent, unexplained illnesses.

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319

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National Academies Press

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ISBN 10

030915765X

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9780309157650

Book's by Committee on Measuring the Health of Gulf War Veterans

Gulf War Veterans

Gulf War Veterans

Gulf War Veterans

Gulf War Veterans

Improving the Presumptive Disability Decision-Making Process for Veterans

Improving the Presumptive Disability Decision-Making Process for Veterans

Respiratory Health Effects of Airborne Hazards Exposures in the Southwest Asia Theater of Military Operations

Respiratory Health Effects of Airborne Hazards Exposures in the Southwest Asia Theater of Military Operations

Gulf War and Health

Gulf War and Health

Gulf War and Health

Gulf War and Health

Gulf War and Health

Gulf War and Health

Returning Home from Iraq and Afghanistan

Returning Home from Iraq and Afghanistan

Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis in Veterans

Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis in Veterans

Review of VA Clinical Guidance for the Health Conditions Identified by the Camp Lejeune Legislation

Review of VA Clinical Guidance for the Health Conditions Identified by the Camp Lejeune Legislation

Review of the Department of Defense Enhanced Particulate Matter Surveillance Program Report

Review of the Department of Defense Enhanced Particulate Matter Surveillance Program Report

Gulf War and Health

Gulf War and Health

Gulf War and Health

Gulf War and Health

National Center for Military Deployment Health Research

National Center for Military Deployment Health Research

Health Consequences of Service During the Persian Gulf War

Health Consequences of Service During the Persian Gulf War

Gulf War and Health

Gulf War and Health

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