Committee on Frontiers at the Interface of Computing and Biology's Books

Catalyzing Inquiry at the Interface of Computing and Biology

By: National Research Council,Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences,Computer Science and Telecommunications Board,Committee on Frontiers at the Interface of Computing and Biology

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Catalyzing Inquiry at the Interface of Computing and Biology

By: National Research Council,Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences,Computer Science and Telecommunications Board,Committee on Frontiers at the Interface of Computing and Biology

Advances in computer science and technology and in biology over the last several years have opened up the possibility for computing to help answer fundamental questions in biology and for biology to help with new approaches to computing. Making the most of the research opportunities at the interface of computing and biology requires the active participation of people from both fields. While past attempts have been made in this direction, circumstances today appear to be much more favorable for progress. To help take advantage of these opportunities, this study was requested of the NRC by the National Science Foundation, the Department of Defense, the National Institutes of Health, and the Department of Energy. The report provides the basis for establishing cross-disciplinary collaboration between biology and computing including an analysis of potential impediments and strategies for overcoming them. The report also presents a wealth of examples that should encourage students in the biological sciences to look for ways to enable them to be more effective users of computing in their studies.

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469

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National Academies Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

030909612X

ISBN 13

9780309096126

Network Science

By: National Research Council,Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences,Board on Army Science and Technology,Committee on Network Science for Future Army Applications

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Network Science

By: National Research Council,Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences,Board on Army Science and Technology,Committee on Network Science for Future Army Applications

The military is currently attempting to develop itself into a force capable of networkcentric operations. While this effort has highlighted the military's dependence on interacting networks, it has also shown that there is a huge gap between what we need to know about networks and our fundamental knowledge about network behavior. This gap makes the military vision of NCO problematic. To help address this problem, the Army asked the NRC to find out whether identifying and funding a new field of "network science" could help close this gap. This report presents an examination of networks andthe military, an analysis of the promise, content, and challenges of network science, and an assessment of approaches to creating value from network science.

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125

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National Academies Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

0309100267

ISBN 13

9780309100267

Small Wonders, Endless Frontiers

A Review of the National Nanotechnology Initiative

By: National Research Council,Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences,Committee for the Review of the National Nanotechnology Initiative

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Small Wonders, Endless Frontiers

A Review of the National Nanotechnology Initiative

By: National Research Council,Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences,Committee for the Review of the National Nanotechnology Initiative

Nanoscale science and technology, often referred to as "nanoscience" or "nanotechnology," are science and engineering enabled by our relatively new ability to manipulate and characterize matter at the level of single atoms and small groups of atoms. This capability is the result of many developments in the last two decades of the 20th century, including inventions of scientific instruments like the scanning tunneling microscope. Using such tools, scientists and engineers have begun controlling the structure and properties of materials and systems at the scale of 10?9 meters, or 1/100,000 the width of a human hair. Scientists and engineers anticipate that nanoscale work will enable the development of materials and systems with dramatic new properties relevant to virtually every sector of the economy, such as medicine, telecommunications, and computers, and to areas of national interest such as homeland security. Indeed, early products based on nanoscale technology have already found their way into the marketplace and into defense applications. In 1996, as the tremendous scientific and economic potential of nanoscale science and technology was beginning to be recognized, a federal interagency working group formed to consider creation of a national nanotechnology initiative (NNI). As a result of this effort, around $1 billion has been directed toward NNI research since the start of FY 2001. At the request of officials in the White House National Economic Council and agencies that are participating in NNI, the National Research Council (NRC) agreed to review the NNI. The Committee for the Review of the National Nanotechnology Initiative was formed by the NRC and asked to consider topics such as the current research portfolio of the NNI, the suitability of federal investments, and interagency coordination efforts in this area.

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National Academies Press

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ISBN 10

0309084547

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9780309084543

State Voter Registration Databases

Immediate Actions and Future Improvements: Interim Report

By: National Research Council,Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences,Computer Science and Telecommunications Board,Committee on State Voter Registration Databases

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State Voter Registration Databases

Immediate Actions and Future Improvements: Interim Report

By: National Research Council,Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences,Computer Science and Telecommunications Board,Committee on State Voter Registration Databases

The Help America Vote Act of 2002 requires the states to develop a single, computerized voter registration data base (VRD) that is defined, maintained, and administered at the state level. To help the states with this task, the U.S. Election Assistance Commission asked the NRC to organize a series of workshops and prepare an interim report addressing the challenges in implementing and maintaining state VRDs. The EAC also asked the NRC to advise the states on how to evolve and maintain the databases so that they can share information with each other. This report provides an examination of various challenges to the deployment of state VRDs and describes potential solutions to these challenges. This interim report's primary focus is on shorter-term recommendations although a number of long-range recommendations are presented. The final report will elaborate on the long-range questions and address considerations about interstate interoperability of the VRDs.

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National Academies Press

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ISBN 10

0309178584

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9780309178587

Catalyzing Inquiry at the Interface of Computing and Biology

By: National Research Council,Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences,Computer Science and Telecommunications Board,Committee on Frontiers at the Interface of Computing and Biology

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Catalyzing Inquiry at the Interface of Computing and Biology

By: National Research Council,Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences,Computer Science and Telecommunications Board,Committee on Frontiers at the Interface of Computing and Biology

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469

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National Academies Press

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ISBN 10

030909612X

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9780309096126

Proceedings of a Workshop on Deterring Cyberattacks

Informing Strategies and Developing Options for U.S. Policy

By: National Research Council,Policy and Global Affairs,Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences,Computer Science and Telecommunications Board,Committee on Deterring Cyberattacks: Informing Strategies and Developing Options for U.S. Policy

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Proceedings of a Workshop on Deterring Cyberattacks

Informing Strategies and Developing Options for U.S. Policy

In a world of increasing dependence on information technology, the prevention of cyberattacks on a nation's important computer and communications systems and networks is a problem that looms large. Given the demonstrated limitations of passive cybersecurity defense measures, it is natural to consider the possibility that deterrence might play a useful role in preventing cyberattacks against the United States and its vital interests. At the request of the Office of the Director of National Intelligence, the National Research Council undertook a two-phase project aimed to foster a broad, multidisciplinary examination of strategies for deterring cyberattacks on the United States and of the possible utility of these strategies for the U.S. government. The first phase produced a letter report providing basic information needed to understand the nature of the problem and to articulate important questions that can drive research regarding ways of more effectively preventing, discouraging, and inhibiting hostile activity against important U.S. information systems and networks. The second phase of the project entailed selecting appropriate experts to write papers on questions raised in the letter report. A number of experts, identified by the committee, were commissioned to write these papers under contract with the National Academy of Sciences. Commissioned papers were discussed at a public workshop held June 10-11, 2010, in Washington, D.C., and authors revised their papers after the workshop. Although the authors were selected and the papers reviewed and discussed by the committee, the individually authored papers do not reflect consensus views of the committee, and the reader should view these papers as offering points of departure that can stimulate further work on the topics discussed. The papers presented in this volume are published essentially as received from the authors, with some proofreading corrections made as limited time allowed.

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400

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National Academies Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

0309160359

ISBN 13

9780309160353

Convergence

Facilitating Transdisciplinary Integration of Life Sciences, Physical Sciences, Engineering, and Beyond

By: National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Board on Life Sciences,Committee on Key Challenge Areas for Convergence and Health

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Convergence

Facilitating Transdisciplinary Integration of Life Sciences, Physical Sciences, Engineering, and Beyond

By: National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Board on Life Sciences,Committee on Key Challenge Areas for Convergence and Health

Convergence of the life sciences with fields including physical, chemical, mathematical, computational, engineering, and social sciences is a key strategy to tackle complex challenges and achieve new and innovative solutions. However, institutions face a lack of guidance on how to establish effective programs, what challenges they are likely to encounter, and what strategies other organizations have used to address the issues that arise. This advice is needed to harness the excitement generated by the concept of convergence and channel it into the policies, structures, and networks that will enable it to realize its goals. Convergence investigates examples of organizations that have established mechanisms to support convergent research. This report discusses details of current programs, how organizations have chosen to measure success, and what has worked and not worked in varied settings. The report summarizes the lessons learned and provides organizations with strategies to tackle practical needs and implementation challenges in areas such as infrastructure, student education and training, faculty advancement, and inter-institutional partnerships.

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234

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National Academies Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

0309301645

ISBN 13

9780309301640

Mathematics and 21st Century Biology

By: National Research Council,Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences,Board on Mathematical Sciences and Their Applications,Committee on Mathematical Sciences Research for DOE's Computational Biology

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Mathematics and 21st Century Biology

The exponentially increasing amounts of biological data along with comparable advances in computing power are making possible the construction of quantitative, predictive biological systems models. This development could revolutionize those biology-based fields of science. To assist this transformation, the U.S. Department of Energy asked the National Research Council to recommend mathematical research activities to enable more effective use of the large amounts of existing genomic information and the structural and functional genomic information being created. The resulting study is a broad, scientifically based view of the opportunities lying at the mathematical science and biology interface. The book provides a review of past successes, an examination of opportunities at the various levels of biological systemsâ€" from molecules to ecosystemsâ€"an analysis of cross-cutting themes, and a set of recommendations to advance the mathematics-biology connection that are applicable to all agencies funding research in this area.

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163

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National Academies Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

0309095840

ISBN 13

9780309095846

Beyond the Molecular Frontier

Challenges for Chemistry and Chemical Engineering

By: National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Board on Chemical Sciences and Technology,Committee on Challenges for the Chemical Sciences in the 21st Century

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Beyond the Molecular Frontier

Challenges for Chemistry and Chemical Engineering

By: National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Board on Chemical Sciences and Technology,Committee on Challenges for the Chemical Sciences in the 21st Century

Chemistry and chemical engineering have changed significantly in the last decade. They have broadened their scopeâ€"into biology, nanotechnology, materials science, computation, and advanced methods of process systems engineering and controlâ€"so much that the programs in most chemistry and chemical engineering departments now barely resemble the classical notion of chemistry. Beyond the Molecular Frontier brings together research, discovery, and invention across the entire spectrum of the chemical sciencesâ€"from fundamental, molecular-level chemistry to large-scale chemical processing technology. This reflects the way the field has evolved, the synergy at universities between research and education in chemistry and chemical engineering, and the way chemists and chemical engineers work together in industry. The astonishing developments in science and engineering during the 20th century have made it possible to dream of new goals that might previously have been considered unthinkable. This book identifies the key opportunities and challenges for the chemical sciences, from basic research to societal needs and from terrorism defense to environmental protection, and it looks at the ways in which chemists and chemical engineers can work together to contribute to an improved future.

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239

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National Academies Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

0309084776

ISBN 13

9780309084772

Is That Real?

Identification and Assessment of the Counterfeiting Threat for U.S. Banknotes

By: National Research Council,Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences,Board on Manufacturing and Engineering Design,Committee on Technologies to Deter Currency Counterfeiting

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Is That Real?

Identification and Assessment of the Counterfeiting Threat for U.S. Banknotes

By: National Research Council,Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences,Board on Manufacturing and Engineering Design,Committee on Technologies to Deter Currency Counterfeiting

A key mission of the Bureau of Engraving and Printing of the Department of the Treasury is the design and printing of U.S. banknotes. The BEP is responsible for producing easily recognizable currency that is difficult to counterfeit. In recent years, the bureau has recognized the modern information technology could lead to entirely new types of counterfeiting threats, and it has requested a number of studies by the NRC to assess these evolving threats. In this new request, the BEP asked the NRC to identify and evaluate significant emerging counterfeiting threats and to assess technologically feasible counterfeit-deterrent features for potential use in new designs. This first report provides an assessment of emerging threats including a wide range of digital imaging and printing techniques. It also presents an analysis of a systems approach to the counterfeiting threat. The second report will offer an evaluation of new banknote features to address these threats.

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National Academies Press

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ISBN 10

0309180740

ISBN 13

9780309180740

Information Technology and the Conduct of Research

The User's View

By: Institute of Medicine,National Academy of Engineering,National Academy of Sciences,Committee on Science, Engineering, and Public Policy,Panel on Information Technology and the Conduct of Research

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Information Technology and the Conduct of Research

The User's View

By: Institute of Medicine,National Academy of Engineering,National Academy of Sciences,Committee on Science, Engineering, and Public Policy,Panel on Information Technology and the Conduct of Research

Computers and telecommunications have revolutionized the processes of scientific research. How is this information technology being applied and what difficulties do scientists face in using information technology? How can these difficulties be overcome? Information Technology and the Conduct of Research answers these questions and presents a variety of helpful examples. The recommendations address the problems scientists experience in trying to gain the most benefit from information technology in scientific, engineering, and clinical research.

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National Academies Press

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ISBN 10

030903888X

ISBN 13

9780309038881

Computing the Future

A Broader Agenda for Computer Science and Engineering

By: National Research Council,Computer Science and Telecommunications Board,Committee to Assess the Scope and Direction of Computer Science and Technology

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Computing the Future

A Broader Agenda for Computer Science and Engineering

By: National Research Council,Computer Science and Telecommunications Board,Committee to Assess the Scope and Direction of Computer Science and Technology

Computers are increasingly the enabling devices of the information revolution, and computing is becoming ubiquitous in every corner of society, from manufacturing to telecommunications to pharmaceuticals to entertainment. Even more importantly, the face of computing is changing rapidly, as even traditional rivals such as IBM and Apple Computer begin to cooperate and new modes of computing are developed. Computing the Future presents a timely assessment of academic computer science and engineering (CS&E), examining what should be done to ensure continuing progress in making discoveries that will carry computing into the twenty-first century. Most importantly, it advocates a broader research and educational agenda that builds on the field's impressive accomplishments. The volume outlines a framework of priorities for CS&E, along with detailed recommendations for education, funding, and leadership. A core research agenda is outlined for these areas: processors and multiple-processor systems, data communications and networking, software engineering, information storage and retrieval, reliability, and user interfaces. This highly readable volume examines: Computer science and engineering as a discipline-how computer scientists and engineers are pushing back the frontiers of their field. How CS&E must change to meet the challenges of the future. The influence of strategic investment by federal agencies in CS&E research. Recent structural changes that affect the interaction of academic CS&E and the business environment. Specific examples of interdisciplinary and applications research in four areas: earth sciences and the environment, computational biology, commercial computing, and the long-term goal of a national electronic library. The volume provides a detailed look at undergraduate CS&E education, highlighting the limitations of four-year programs, and discusses the emerging importance of a master's degree in CS&E and the prospects for broadening the scope of the Ph.D. It also includes a brief look at continuing education.

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287

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National Academies Press

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ISBN 10

0309047404

ISBN 13

9780309047401

Beyond the Molecular Frontier

Challenges for Chemistry and Chemical Engineering

By: National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Board on Chemical Sciences and Technology,Committee on Challenges for the Chemical Sciences in the 21st Century

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Beyond the Molecular Frontier

Challenges for Chemistry and Chemical Engineering

By: National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Board on Chemical Sciences and Technology,Committee on Challenges for the Chemical Sciences in the 21st Century

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239

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National Academies Press

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0309084776

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9780309084772

National Collaboratories

Applying Information Technology for Scientific Research

By: National Research Council,Computer Science and Telecommunications Board,Committee Toward a National Collaboratory: Establishing the User-Developer Partnership

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National Collaboratories

Applying Information Technology for Scientific Research

By: National Research Council,Computer Science and Telecommunications Board,Committee Toward a National Collaboratory: Establishing the User-Developer Partnership

Computing and communications are becoming essential tools of science. Together, they make possible new kinds and degrees of collaboration. This book addresses technical, scientific, and social aspects of fostering scientific collaboration using information technology. It explores issues in molecular biology, oceanography, and space physics, and derives recommendations for a partnership between scientists and technologists to develop better collaboration technology to support science.

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118

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National Academies Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

0309048486

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9780309048484

Book's by Committee on Frontiers at the Interface of Computing and Biology

Catalyzing Inquiry at the Interface of Computing and Biology

Catalyzing Inquiry at the Interface of Computing and Biology

Network Science

Network Science

Small Wonders, Endless Frontiers

Small Wonders, Endless Frontiers

State Voter Registration Databases

State Voter Registration Databases

Catalyzing Inquiry at the Interface of Computing and Biology

Catalyzing Inquiry at the Interface of Computing and Biology

Proceedings of a Workshop on Deterring Cyberattacks

Proceedings of a Workshop on Deterring Cyberattacks

Convergence

Convergence

Mathematics and 21st Century Biology

Mathematics and 21st Century Biology

Beyond the Molecular Frontier

Beyond the Molecular Frontier

Is That Real?

Is That Real?

Information Technology and the Conduct of Research

Information Technology and the Conduct of Research

Computing the Future

Computing the Future

Beyond the Molecular Frontier

Beyond the Molecular Frontier

National Collaboratories

National Collaboratories

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