Committee on Food Marketing and the Diets of Children and Youth's Books

Food Marketing to Children and Youth

Threat or Opportunity?

By: Institute of Medicine,Board on Children, Youth, and Families,Food and Nutrition Board,Committee on Food Marketing and the Diets of Children and Youth

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Food Marketing to Children and Youth

Threat or Opportunity?

By: Institute of Medicine,Board on Children, Youth, and Families,Food and Nutrition Board,Committee on Food Marketing and the Diets of Children and Youth

Creating an environment in which children in the United States grow up healthy should be a high priority for the nation. Yet the prevailing pattern of food and beverage marketing to children in America represents, at best, a missed opportunity, and at worst, a direct threat to the health prospects of the next generation. Children's dietary and related health patterns are shaped by the interplay of many factorsâ€"their biologic affinities, their culture and values, their economic status, their physical and social environments, and their commercial media environmentsâ€"all of which, apart from their genetic predispositions, have undergone significant transformations during the past three decades. Among these environments, none have more rapidly assumed central socializing roles among children and youth than the media. With the growth in the variety and the penetration of the media have come a parallel growth with their use for marketing, including the marketing of food and beverage products. What impact has food and beverage marketing had on the dietary patterns and health status of American children? The answer to this question has the potential to shape a generation and is the focus of Food Marketing to Children and Youth. This book will be of interest to parents, federal and state government agencies, educators and schools, health care professionals, industry companies, industry trade groups, media, and those involved in community and consumer advocacy.

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537

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National Academies Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

0309097134

ISBN 13

9780309097130

Challenges and Opportunities for Change in Food Marketing to Children and Youth

Workshop Summary

By: Institute of Medicine,Food and Nutrition Board,Standing Committee on Childhood Obesity Prevention

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Challenges and Opportunities for Change in Food Marketing to Children and Youth

Workshop Summary

By: Institute of Medicine,Food and Nutrition Board,Standing Committee on Childhood Obesity Prevention

The childhood obesity epidemic is an urgent public health problem. The most recent data available show that nearly 19 percent of boys and about 15 percent of girls aged 2-19 are obese, and almost a third of U.S. children and adolescents are overweight or obese (Ogden et al., 2012). The obesity epidemic will continue to take a substantial toll on the health of Americans. In the midst of this epidemic, children are exposed to an enormous amount of commercial advertising and marketing for food. In 2009, children aged 2-11 saw an average of more than 10 television food ads per day (Powell et al., 2011). Children see and hear advertising and marketing messages for food through many other channels as well, including radio, movies, billboards, and print media. Most notably, many new digital media venues and vehicles for food marketing have emerged in recent years, including Internet-based advergames, couponing on cell phones, and marketing on social networks, and much of this advertising is invisible to parents. The marketing of high-calorie, low-nutrient foods and beverages is linked to overweight and obesity. A major 2006 report from the Institute of Medicine (IOM) documents evidence that television advertising influences the food and beverage preferences, requests, and short-term consumption of children aged 2-11 (IOM, 2006). Challenges and Opportunities for Change in Food Marketing to Children and Youth also documents a body of evidence showing an association of television advertising with the adiposity of children and adolescents aged 2-18. The report notes the prevailing pattern that food and beverage products marketed to children and youth are often high in calories, fat, sugar, and sodium; are of low nutritional value; and tend to be from food groups Americans are already overconsuming. Furthermore, marketing messages that promote nutrition, healthful foods, or physical activity are scarce (IOM, 2006). To review progress and explore opportunities for action on food and beverage marketing that targets children and youth, the IOM's Standing Committee on Childhood Obesity Prevention held a workshop in Washington, DC, on November 5, 2012, titled "New Challenges and Opportunities in Food Marketing to Children and Youth.

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ISBN 10

0309269563

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9780309269568

Challenges and Opportunities for Change in Food Marketing to Children and Youth

Workshop Summary

By: Institute of Medicine,Food and Nutrition Board,Standing Committee on Childhood Obesity Prevention

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Challenges and Opportunities for Change in Food Marketing to Children and Youth

Workshop Summary

By: Institute of Medicine,Food and Nutrition Board,Standing Committee on Childhood Obesity Prevention

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National Academies Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

0309269539

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9780309269537

Food Marketing to Children and Youth

Threat or Opportunity?

By: Institute of Medicine,Board on Children, Youth, and Families,Food and Nutrition Board,Committee on Food Marketing and the Diets of Children and Youth

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Food Marketing to Children and Youth

Threat or Opportunity?

By: Institute of Medicine,Board on Children, Youth, and Families,Food and Nutrition Board,Committee on Food Marketing and the Diets of Children and Youth

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537

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National Academies Press

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ISBN 10

0309097134

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9780309097130

Progress in Preventing Childhood Obesity

How Do We Measure Up?

By: Institute of Medicine,Food and Nutrition Board,Committee on Progress in Preventing Childhood Obesity

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Progress in Preventing Childhood Obesity

How Do We Measure Up?

By: Institute of Medicine,Food and Nutrition Board,Committee on Progress in Preventing Childhood Obesity

The remarkable increase in the prevalence of obesity among children and youth in the United States over a relatively short timespan represents one of the defining public health challenges of the 21st century. The country is beginning to recognize childhood obesity as a major public health epidemic that will incur substantial costs to the nation. However, the current level of investment by the public and private sectors still does not match the extent of the problem. There is a substantial underinvestment of resources to adequately address the scope of this obesity crisis. At this early phase in addressing the epidemic, actions have begun on a number of levels to improve the dietary patterns and to increase the physical activity levels of young people. Schools, corporations, youth-related organizations, families, communities, foundations, and government agencies are working to implement a variety of policy changes, new programs, and other interventions. These efforts, however, generally remain fragmented and small in scale. Moreover, the lack of systematic monitoring and evaluation of interventions have hindered the development of an evidence base to identify, apply, and disseminate lessons learned and to support promising efforts to prevent childhood obesity. Progress in Preventing Childhood Obesity: How Do We Measure Up? examines the progress made by obesity prevention initiatives in the United States from 2004 to 2006. This book emphasizes a call to action for key stakeholders and sectors to commit to and demonstrate leadership in childhood obesity prevention, evaluates all policies and programs, monitors their progress, and encourages stakeholders to widely disseminate promising practices. This book will be of interest to federal, state, and local government agencies; educators and schools; public health and health care professionals; private-sector companies and industry trade groups; media; parents; and those involved in implementing community-based programs and consumer advocacy.

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495

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National Academies Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

0309102081

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9780309102087

Studying Media Effects on Children and Youth

Improving Methods and Measures: Workshop Summary

By: Institute of Medicine,National Research Council,Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education,Board on Children, Youth and Families,Program Committee for a Workshop on Improving Research on Interactive Media and Children's Health

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Studying Media Effects on Children and Youth

Improving Methods and Measures: Workshop Summary

The presence and intensity of media influences television, radio, music, computers, films, videos, and the Internet are increasingly recognized as an important part of the social ecology of children and youth, and these influences have become more visible and volatile in recent decades. Research that explores the level and effects of media influences calls for measurements of the quantity and character of exposure to a variety of potentially overlapping media sources, an analysis of the content of the media output, and examination of the social context and relationships that are associated with the media experience. Recognizing the importance of this research, the Board on Children, Youth, and Families, under the auspices of the National Research Council and the Institute of Medicine, and with the sponsorship of the Henry J. Kaiser Family Foundation, held a workshop in March 2006. Its purpose was twofold: to examine the quality of the measures used in studies of the effects of media on children's health and development and to identify gaps in both research and practice. The goal was for a variety of experts to consider steps and strategies that could move this research forward and improve its utility for helping parents, practitioners, and policy makers guide young people in navigating a media-rich environment. Studying Media Effects on Children and Youth provides a summary of that discussion, supplemented with information from two papers prepared for the workshop. It begins with an examination of the potential impact of media exposure, followed by a description of the basic research questions and the methods currently used to study them. Methodological questions and challenges and theoretical approaches are described; they are discussed from the perspective of other kinds of epidemiological research. This report closes with a discussion of future directions for the field.

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ISBN 10

0309102758

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9780309102759

Adolescent Health Services

Missing Opportunities

By: Institute of Medicine,National Research Council,Board on Children, Youth, and Families,Committee on Adolescent Health Care Services and Models of Care for Treatment, Prevention, and Healthy Development

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Adolescent Health Services

Missing Opportunities

Adolescence is a time of major transition, however, health care services in the United States today are not designed to help young people develop healthy routines, behaviors, and relationships that they can carry into their adult lives. While most adolescents at this stage of life are thriving, many of them have difficulty gaining access to necessary services; other engage in risky behaviors that can jeopardize their health during these formative years and also contribute to poor health outcomes in adulthood. Missed opportunities for disease prevention and health promotion are two major problematic features of our nation's health services system for adolescents. Recognizing that health care providers play an important role in fostering healthy behaviors among adolescents, Adolescent Health Services examines the health status of adolescents and reviews the separate and uncoordinated programs and services delivered in multiple public and private health care settings. The book provides guidance to administrators in public and private health care agencies, health care workers, guidance counselors, parents, school administrators, and policy makers on investing in, strengthening, and improving an integrated health system for adolescents.

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366

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National Academies Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

0309114675

ISBN 13

9780309114677

Front-of-Package Nutrition Rating Systems and Symbols

Promoting Healthier Choices

By: Institute of Medicine,Food and Nutrition Board,Committee on Examination of Front-of-Package Nutrition Rating Systems and Symbols (Phase II)

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Front-of-Package Nutrition Rating Systems and Symbols

Promoting Healthier Choices

By: Institute of Medicine,Food and Nutrition Board,Committee on Examination of Front-of-Package Nutrition Rating Systems and Symbols (Phase II)

During the past decade, tremendous growth has occurred in the use of nutrition symbols and rating systems designed to summarize key nutritional aspects and characteristics of food products. These symbols and the systems that underlie them have become known as front-of-package (FOP) nutrition rating systems and symbols, even though the symbols themselves can be found anywhere on the front of a food package or on a retail shelf tag. Though not regulated and inconsistent in format, content, and criteria, FOP systems and symbols have the potential to provide useful guidance to consumers as well as maximize effectiveness. As a result, Congress directed the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) to undertake a study with the Institute of Medicine (IOM) to examine and provide recommendations regarding FOP nutrition rating systems and symbols. The study was completed in two phases. Phase I focused primarily on the nutrition criteria underlying FOP systems. Phase II builds on the results of Phase I while focusing on aspects related to consumer understanding and behavior related to the development of a standardized FOP system. Front-of-Package Nutrition Rating Systems and Symbols focuses on Phase II of the study. The report addresses the potential benefits of a single, standardized front-label food guidance system regulated by the Food and Drug Administration, assesses which icons are most effective with consumer audiences, and considers the systems/icons that best promote health and how to maximize their use.

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180

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National Academies Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

0309218233

ISBN 13

9780309218238

Early Childhood Obesity Prevention Policies

By: Institute of Medicine,Committee on Obesity Prevention Policies for Young Children,Early Childhood Obesity Prevention Policies

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Early Childhood Obesity Prevention Policies

By: Institute of Medicine,Committee on Obesity Prevention Policies for Young Children,Early Childhood Obesity Prevention Policies

Childhood obesity is a serious health problem that has adverse and long-lasting consequences for individuals, families, and communities. The magnitude of the problem has increased dramatically during the last three decades and, despite some indications of a plateau in this growth, the numbers remain stubbornly high. Efforts to prevent childhood obesity to date have focused largely on school-aged children, with relatively little attention to children under age 5. However, there is a growing awareness that efforts to prevent childhood obesity must begin before children ever enter the school system. Early Childhood Obesity Prevention Policies reviews factors related to overweight and obese children from birth to age 5, with a focus on nutrition, physical activity, and sedentary behavior, and recommends policies that can alter children's environments to promote the maintenance of healthy weight. Because the first years of life are important to health and well-being throughout the life span, preventing obesity in infants and young children can contribute to reversing the epidemic of obesity in children and adults. The book recommends that health care providers make parents aware of their child's excess weight early. It also suggests that parents and child care providers keep children active throughout the day, provide them with healthy diets, limit screen time, and ensure children get adequate sleep. In addition to providing comprehensive solutions to tackle the problem of obesity in infants and young children, Early Childhood Obesity Prevention Policies identifies potential actions that could be taken to implement those recommendations. The recommendations can inform the decisions of state and local child care regulators, child care providers, health care providers, directors of federal and local child care and nutrition programs, and government officials at all levels.

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202

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National Academies Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

0309210283

ISBN 13

9780309210287

Local Government Actions to Prevent Childhood Obesity

By: National Research Council,Institute of Medicine,Transportation Research Board,Board on Population Health and Public Health Practice,Board on Children, Youth, and Families,Food and Nutrition Board,Committee on Childhood Obesity Prevention Actions for Local Governments

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Local Government Actions to Prevent Childhood Obesity

The prevalence of childhood obesity is so high in the United States that it may reduce the life expectancy of today's generation of children. While parents and other adult caregivers play a fundamental role in teaching children about healthy behaviors, even the most positive efforts can be undermined by local environments that are poorly suited to supporting healthy behaviors. For example, many communities lack ready sources of healthy food choices, such as supermarkets and grocery stores. Or they may not provide safe places for children to walk or play. In such communities, even the most motivated child or adolescent may find it difficult to act in healthy ways. Local governments-with jurisdiction over many aspects of land use, food marketing, community planning, transportation, health and nutrition programs, and other community issues-are ideally positioned to promote behaviors that will help children and adolescents reach and maintain healthy weights. Local Government Actions to Prevent Childhood Obesity presents a number of recommendations that touch on the vital role of government actions on all levels-federal, state, and local-in childhood obesity prevention. The book offers healthy eating and physical activity strategies for local governments to consider, making it an excellent resource for mayors, managers, commissioners, council members, county board members, and administrators.

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107

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National Academies Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

0309139279

ISBN 13

9780309139274

Accelerating Progress in Obesity Prevention

Solving the Weight of the Nation

By: Institute of Medicine,Food and Nutrition Board,Committee on Accelerating Progress in Obesity Prevention

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Accelerating Progress in Obesity Prevention

Solving the Weight of the Nation

By: Institute of Medicine,Food and Nutrition Board,Committee on Accelerating Progress in Obesity Prevention

One-third of adults are now obese, and children's obesity rates have climbed from 5 to 17 percent in the past 30 years. The causes of the nation's obesity epidemic are multi-factorial, having much more to do with the absence of sidewalks and the limited availability of healthy and affordable foods than a lack of personal responsibility. The broad societal changes that are needed to prevent obesity will inevitably affect activity and eating environments and settings for all ages. Many aspects of the obesity problem have been identified and discussed; however, there has not been complete agreement on what needs to be done to accelerate progress. Accelerating Progress in Obesity Prevention reviews previous studies and their recommendations and presents five key recommendations to accelerate meaningful change on a societal level during the next decade. The report suggests recommendations and strategies that, independently, can accelerate progress, but urges a systems approach of many strategies working in concert to maximize progress in accelerating obesity prevention. The recommendations in Accelerating Progress in Obesity Prevention include major reforms in access to and opportunities for physical activity; widespread reductions in the availability of unhealthy foods and beverages and increases in access to healthier options at affordable, competitive prices; an overhaul of the messages that surround Americans through marketing and education with respect to physical activity and food consumption; expansion of the obesity prevention support structure provided by health care providers, insurers, and employers; and schools as a major national focal point for obesity prevention. The report calls on all individuals, organizations, agencies, and sectors that do or can influence physical activity and nutrition environments to assess and begin to act on their potential roles as leaders in obesity prevention.

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478

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National Academies Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

0309221544

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9780309221542

Book's by Committee on Food Marketing and the Diets of Children and Youth

Food Marketing to Children and Youth

Food Marketing to Children and Youth

Challenges and Opportunities for Change in Food Marketing to Children and Youth

Challenges and Opportunities for Change in Food Marketing to Children and Youth

Challenges and Opportunities for Change in Food Marketing to Children and Youth

Challenges and Opportunities for Change in Food Marketing to Children and Youth

Food Marketing to Children and Youth

Food Marketing to Children and Youth

Progress in Preventing Childhood Obesity

Progress in Preventing Childhood Obesity

Studying Media Effects on Children and Youth

Studying Media Effects on Children and Youth

Adolescent Health Services

Adolescent Health Services

Front-of-Package Nutrition Rating Systems and Symbols

Front-of-Package Nutrition Rating Systems and Symbols

Early Childhood Obesity Prevention Policies

Early Childhood Obesity Prevention Policies

Local Government Actions to Prevent Childhood Obesity

Local Government Actions to Prevent Childhood Obesity

Accelerating Progress in Obesity Prevention

Accelerating Progress in Obesity Prevention

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