Committee on Engaging the Computer Science Research Community in Health Care Informatics's Books

Computational Technology for Effective Health Care

Immediate Steps and Strategic Directions

By: National Research Council,Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences,Computer Science and Telecommunications Board,Committee on Engaging the Computer Science Research Community in Health Care Informatics

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Computational Technology for Effective Health Care

Immediate Steps and Strategic Directions

Despite a strong commitment to delivering quality health care, persistent problems involving medical errors and ineffective treatment continue to plague the industry. Many of these problems are the consequence of poor information and technology (IT) capabilities, and most importantly, the lack cognitive IT support. Clinicians spend a great deal of time sifting through large amounts of raw data, when, ideally, IT systems would place raw data into context with current medical knowledge to provide clinicians with computer models that depict the health status of the patient. Computational Technology for Effective Health Care advocates re-balancing the portfolio of investments in health care IT to place a greater emphasis on providing cognitive support for health care providers, patients, and family caregivers; observing proven principles for success in designing and implementing IT; and accelerating research related to health care in the computer and social sciences and in health/biomedical informatics. Health care professionals, patient safety advocates, as well as IT specialists and engineers, will find this book a useful tool in preparation for crossing the health care IT chasm.

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120

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National Academies Press

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ISBN 10

0309130506

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9780309130509

Computational Technology for Effective Health Care

Immediate Steps and Strategic Directions

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Computational Technology for Effective Health Care

Immediate Steps and Strategic Directions

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121

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National Academies Press

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ISBN 10

0309155843

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9780309155847

Planning for Long-Term Use of Biomedical Data

Proceedings of a Workshop

By: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Policy and Global Affairs,Board on Research Data and Information,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Board on Life Sciences,Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences,Computer Science and Telecommunications Board,Committee on Applied and Theoretical Statistics,Board on Mathematical Sciences and Analytics

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Planning for Long-Term Use of Biomedical Data

Proceedings of a Workshop

Biomedical research data sets are becoming larger and more complex, and computing capabilities are expanding to enable transformative scientific results. The National Institutes of Health's (NIH's) National Library of Medicine (NLM) has the unique role of ensuring that biomedical research data are findable, accessible, interoperable, and reusable in an ethical manner. Tools that forecast the costs of long-term data preservation could be useful as the cost to curate and manage these data in meaningful ways continues to increase, as could stewardship to assess and maintain data that have future value. The National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine convened a workshop on July 11-12, 2019 to gather insight and information in order to develop and demonstrate a framework for forecasting long-term costs for preserving, archiving, and accessing biomedical data. Presenters and attendees discussed tools and practices that NLM could use to help researchers and funders better integrate risk management practices and considerations into data preservation, archiving, and accessing decisions; methods to encourage NIH-funded researchers to consider, update, and track lifetime data; and burdens on the academic researchers and industry staff to implement these tools, methods, and practices. This publication summarizes the presentations and discussion of the workshop.

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National Academies Press

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ISBN 10

0309672759

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9780309672757

Life-Cycle Decisions for Biomedical Data

The Challenge of Forecasting Costs

By: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Policy and Global Affairs,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences,Board on Research Data and Information,Board on Life Sciences,Computer Science and Telecommunications Board,Committee on Applied and Theoretical Statistics,Board on Mathematical Sciences and Analytics,Committee on Forecasting Costs for Preserving and Promoting Access to Biomedical Data

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Life-Cycle Decisions for Biomedical Data

The Challenge of Forecasting Costs

Biomedical research results in the collection and storage of increasingly large and complex data sets. Preserving those data so that they are discoverable, accessible, and interpretable accelerates scientific discovery and improves health outcomes, but requires that researchers, data curators, and data archivists consider the long-term disposition of data and the costs of preserving, archiving, and promoting access to them. Life Cycle Decisions for Biomedical Data examines and assesses approaches and considerations for forecasting costs for preserving, archiving, and promoting access to biomedical research data. This report provides a comprehensive conceptual framework for cost-effective decision making that encourages data accessibility and reuse for researchers, data managers, data archivists, data scientists, and institutions that support platforms that enable biomedical research data preservation, discoverability, and use.

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185

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National Academies Press

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ISBN 10

0309670039

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9780309670036

Preliminary Observations on Information Technology Needs and Priorities at the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services

An Interim Report

By: National Research Council,Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences,Computer Science and Telecommunications Board,Committee on Future Information Architectures, Processes, and Strategies for the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services

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Preliminary Observations on Information Technology Needs and Priorities at the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services

An Interim Report

Increasingly, the core mission of the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS), an agency of the Department of Health and Human Services, is expanding from one of focusing on prompt claims payment to one of becoming more broadly involved in improving health care quality and efficiency. The requirements for the information technology (IT) systems of CMS are changing as its mission changes, and the efforts to evolve its systems from those designed to support the agency's historical mission come in the midst of a push to modernize the nation's health care IT more broadly. These new challenges arise even as CMS must meet challenging day-to-day operational requirements and make frequent adjustments to its business processes, code, databases, and systems in response to changing statutory, regulatory, and policy requirements. In light of these and other emerging challenges, CMS asked the National Research Council to conduct a study that would lay out a forward-looking vision for the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services, taking account of CMS's mission, business processes, and information technology requirements. The study is being conducted in two phases. The first, resulting in the present volume, draws on a series of teleconferences, briefings, and an information-gathering workshop held in Washington, D.C., on September 27-28, 2010. The second phase, drawing on that workshop and on additional briefings, site visits, and committee deliberations, will result in a final report with recommendations, to be issued at the end of the project in 2011.

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National Academies Press

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ISBN 10

0309186668

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9780309186667

Strategies and Priorities for Information Technology at the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services

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Strategies and Priorities for Information Technology at the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services

The Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) is the agency in the Department of Health and Human Services responsible for providing health coverage for seniors and people with disabilities, for limited-income individuals and families, and for children-totaling almost 100 million beneficiaries. The agency's core mission was established more than four decades ago with a mandate to focus on the prompt payment of claims, which now total more than 1.2 billion annually. With CMS's mission expanding from its original focus on prompt claims payment come new requirements for the agency's information technology (IT) systems. Strategies and Priorities for Information Technology at the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services reviews CMS plans for its IT capabilities in light of these challenges and to make recommendations to CMS on how its business processes, practices, and information systems can best be developed to meet today's and tomorrow's demands. The report's recommendations and conclusions offered cluster around the following themes: (1) the need for a comprehensive strategic technology plan; (2) the application of an appropriate metamethodology to guide an iterative, incremental, and phased transition of business and information systems; (3) the criticality of IT to high-level strategic planning and its implications for CMS's internal organization and culture; and (4) the increasing importance of data and analytical efforts to stakeholders inside and outside CMS. Given the complexity of CMS's IT systems, there will be no simple solution. Although external contractors and advisory organizations will play important roles, CMS needs to assert well-informed technical and strategic leadership. The report argues that the only way for CMS to succeed in these efforts is for the agency, with its stakeholders and Congress, to recognize resolutely that action must be taken, to begin the needed cultural and organizational transformations, and to develop the appropriate internal expertise to lead the initiative with a comprehensive, incremental, iterative, and integrated approach that effectively and strategically integrates business requirements and IT capabilities.

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192

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National Academies Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

0309221978

ISBN 13

9780309221979

Networking Health

Prescriptions for the Internet

By: National Research Council,Commission on Physical Sciences, Mathematics, and Applications,Computer Science and Telecommunications Board,Committee on Enhancing the Internet for Health Applications: Technical Requirements and Implementation Strategies

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Networking Health

Prescriptions for the Internet

Consumer health websites have garnered considerable media attention, but only begin to scratch the surface of the more pervasive transformations the Internet could bring to health and health care. Networking Health examines ways in which the Internet may become a routine part of health care delivery and payment, public health, health education, and biomedical research. Building upon a series of site visits, this book: Weighs the role of the Internet versus private networks in uses ranging from the transfer of medical images to providing video-based medical consultations at a distance. Reviews technical challenges in the areas of quality of service, security, reliability, and access, and looks at the potential utility of the next generation of online technologies. Discusses ways health care organizations can use the Internet to support their strategic interests and explores barriers to a broader deployment of the Internet. Recommends steps that private and public sector entities can take to enhance the capabilities of the Internet for health purposes and to prepare health care organizations to adopt new Internet-based applications.

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378

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National Academies Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

0309172330

ISBN 13

9780309172332

For the Record

Protecting Electronic Health Information

By: National Research Council,Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences,Computer Science and Telecommunications Board,Commission on Physical Sciences, Mathematics, and Applications,Committee on Maintaining Privacy and Security in Health Care Applications of the National Information Infrastructure

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For the Record

Protecting Electronic Health Information

When you visit the doctor, information about you may be recorded in an office computer. Your tests may be sent to a laboratory or consulting physician. Relevant information may be transmitted to your health insurer or pharmacy. Your data may be collected by the state government or by an organization that accredits health care or studies medical costs. By making information more readily available to those who need it, greater use of computerized health information can help improve the quality of health care and reduce its costs. Yet health care organizations must find ways to ensure that electronic health information is not improperly divulged. Patient privacy has been an issue since the oath of Hippocrates first called on physicians to "keep silence" on patient matters, and with highly sensitive dataâ€"genetic information, HIV test results, psychiatric recordsâ€"entering patient records, concerns over privacy and security are growing. For the Record responds to the health care industry's need for greater guidance in protecting health information that increasingly flows through the national information infrastructureâ€"from patient to provider, payer, analyst, employer, government agency, medical product manufacturer, and beyond. This book makes practical detailed recommendations for technical and organizational solutions and national-level initiatives. For the Record describes two major types of privacy and security concerns that stem from the availability of health information in electronic form: the increased potential for inappropriate release of information held by individual organizations (whether by those with access to computerized records or those who break into them) and systemic concerns derived from open and widespread sharing of data among various parties. The committee reports on the technological and organizational aspects of security management, including basic principles of security; the effectiveness of technologies for user authentication, access control, and encryption; obstacles and incentives in the adoption of new technologies; and mechanisms for training, monitoring, and enforcement. For the Record reviews the growing interest in electronic medical records; the increasing value of health information to providers, payers, researchers, and administrators; and the current legal and regulatory environment for protecting health data. This information is of immediate interest to policymakers, health policy researchers, patient advocates, professionals in health data management, and other stakeholders.

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286

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National Academies Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

0309174805

ISBN 13

9780309174800

The Computer-Based Patient Record

An Essential Technology for Health Care, Revised Edition

By: Institute of Medicine,Committee on Improving the Patient Record

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The Computer-Based Patient Record

An Essential Technology for Health Care, Revised Edition

By: Institute of Medicine,Committee on Improving the Patient Record

Most industries have plunged into data automation, but health care organizations have lagged in moving patients' medical records from paper to computers. In its first edition, this book presented a blueprint for introducing the computer-based patient record (CPR). The revised edition adds new information to the original book. One section describes recent developments, including the creation of a computer-based patient record institute. An international chapter highlights what is new in this still-emerging technology. An expert committee explores the potential of machine-readable CPRs to improve diagnostic and care decisions, provide a database for policymaking, and much more, addressing these key questions: Who uses patient records? What technology is available and what further research is necessary to meet users' needs? What should government, medical organizations, and others do to make the transition to CPRs? The volume also explores such issues as privacy and confidentiality, costs, the need for training, legal barriers to CPRs, and other key topics.

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257

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National Academies Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

0309175348

ISBN 13

9780309175340

Health Data in the Information Age

Use, Disclosure, and Privacy

By: Committee on Regional Health Data Networks,Institute of Medicine

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Health Data in the Information Age

Use, Disclosure, and Privacy

By: Committee on Regional Health Data Networks,Institute of Medicine

Regional health care databases are being established around the country with the goal of providing timely and useful information to policymakers, physicians, and patients. But their emergence is raising important and sometimes controversial questions about the collection, quality, and appropriate use of health care data. Based on experience with databases now in operation and in development, Health Data in the Information Age provides a clear set of guidelines and principles for exploiting the potential benefits of aggregated health data--without jeopardizing confidentiality. A panel of experts identifies characteristics of emerging health database organizations (HDOs). The committee explores how HDOs can maintain the quality of their data, what policies and practices they should adopt, how they can prepare for linkages with computer-based patient records, and how diverse groups from researchers to health care administrators might use aggregated data. Health Data in the Information Age offers frank analysis and guidelines that will be invaluable to anyone interested in the operation of health care databases.

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232

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National Academies Press

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ISBN 10

0309076676

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9780309076678

Health IT and Patient Safety

Building Safer Systems for Better Care

By: Institute of Medicine,Board on Health Care Services,Committee on Patient Safety and Health Information Technology

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Health IT and Patient Safety

Building Safer Systems for Better Care

By: Institute of Medicine,Board on Health Care Services,Committee on Patient Safety and Health Information Technology

IOM's 1999 landmark study To Err is Human estimated that between 44,000 and 98,000 lives are lost every year due to medical errors. This call to action has led to a number of efforts to reduce errors and provide safe and effective health care. Information technology (IT) has been identified as a way to enhance the safety and effectiveness of care. In an effort to catalyze its implementation, the U.S. government has invested billions of dollars toward the development and meaningful use of effective health IT. Designed and properly applied, health IT can be a positive transformative force for delivering safe health care, particularly with computerized prescribing and medication safety. However, if it is designed and applied inappropriately, health IT can add an additional layer of complexity to the already complex delivery of health care. Poorly designed IT can introduce risks that may lead to unsafe conditions, serious injury, or even death. Poor human-computer interactions could result in wrong dosing decisions and wrong diagnoses. Safe implementation of health IT is a complex, dynamic process that requires a shared responsibility between vendors and health care organizations. Health IT and Patient Safety makes recommendations for developing a framework for patient safety and health IT. This book focuses on finding ways to mitigate the risks of health IT-assisted care and identifies areas of concern so that the nation is in a better position to realize the potential benefits of health IT. Health IT and Patient Safety is both comprehensive and specific in terms of recommended options and opportunities for public and private interventions that may improve the safety of care that incorporates the use of health IT. This book will be of interest to the health IT industry, the federal government, healthcare providers and other users of health IT, and patient advocacy groups.

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234

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National Academies Press

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ISBN 10

0309221153

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9780309221153

Book's by Committee on Engaging the Computer Science Research Community in Health Care Informatics

Computational Technology for Effective Health Care

Computational Technology for Effective Health Care

Computational Technology for Effective Health Care

Computational Technology for Effective Health Care

Planning for Long-Term Use of Biomedical Data

Planning for Long-Term Use of Biomedical Data

Life-Cycle Decisions for Biomedical Data

Life-Cycle Decisions for Biomedical Data

Preliminary Observations on Information Technology Needs and Priorities at the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services

Preliminary Observations on Information Technology Needs and Priorities at the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services

Strategies and Priorities for Information Technology at the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services

Strategies and Priorities for Information Technology at the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services

Networking Health

Networking Health

For the Record

For the Record

The Computer-Based Patient Record

The Computer-Based Patient Record

Health Data in the Information Age

Health Data in the Information Age

Health IT and Patient Safety

Health IT and Patient Safety

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