Committee on Disability in America: A New Look's Books

Workshop on Disability in America

A New Look: Summary and Background Papers

By: Institute of Medicine,Board on Health Sciences Policy,Committee on Disability in America: A New Look

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Workshop on Disability in America

A New Look: Summary and Background Papers

By: Institute of Medicine,Board on Health Sciences Policy,Committee on Disability in America: A New Look

Beginning in late 2004, the IOM began a project to take a new look at disability in America. It will review developments and progress since the publication of the 1991 and 1997 Institute reports. For technical contracting reasons, the new project was split into two phases. During the limited first phase, a committee appointed by IOM planned and convened a 1-day workshop to examine a subset of topics as background for the second phase of project. As was agreed upon with the sponsor of the workshop, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), the topics were: methodological and policy issues related to the conceptualization, definition, measurement, and monitoring of disability and health over time; trends in the amount, types, and causes of disability; disability across the age spectrum and in the context of normal aging; and secondary health conditions. The phase-one workshop was held in Washington, D.C. on August 1, 2005. Its participants included researchers, clinicians, social service professionals, policy experts, and consumer representatives and advocates. The meeting agenda and list of participants are included in Appendix A. Workshop on Disability in America: A New Look- Summary and Background Papers summarizes the workshop presentations and discussions. The background papers prepared for the workshop are included in Appendixes B through O. Some papers were submitted and circulated in advance of the meeting, whereas others were first presented at the meeting. The analyses, definitions, and views presented in the papers are those of the paper authors and are not necessarily those of the IOM committee. Likewise, the discussion summary is limited to the views of the workshop participants.

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293

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National Academies Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

0309100909

ISBN 13

9780309100908

The Future of Disability in America

By: Institute of Medicine,Board on Health Sciences Policy,Committee on Disability in America

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The Future of Disability in America

By: Institute of Medicine,Board on Health Sciences Policy,Committee on Disability in America

The future of disability in America will depend on how well the U.S. prepares for and manages the demographic, fiscal, and technological developments that will unfold during the next two to three decades. Building upon two prior studies from the Institute of Medicine (the 1991 Institute of Medicine's report Disability in America and the 1997 report Enabling America), The Future of Disability in America examines both progress and concerns about continuing barriers that limit the independence, productivity, and participation in community life of people with disabilities. This book offers a comprehensive look at a wide range of issues, including the prevalence of disability across the lifespan; disability trends the role of assistive technology; barriers posed by health care and other facilities with inaccessible buildings, equipment, and information formats; the needs of young people moving from pediatric to adult health care and of adults experiencing premature aging and secondary health problems; selected issues in health care financing (e.g., risk adjusting payments to health plans, coverage of assistive technology); and the organizing and financing of disability-related research. The Future of Disability in America is an assessment of both principles and scientific evidence for disability policies and services. This book's recommendations propose steps to eliminate barriers and strengthen the evidence base for future public and private actions to reduce the impact of disability on individuals, families, and society.

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618

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National Academies Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

0309134013

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9780309134019

The Promise of Assistive Technology to Enhance Activity and Work Participation

By: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Health and Medicine Division,Board on Health Care Services,Committee on the Use of Selected Assistive Products and Technologies in Eliminating or Reducing the Effects of Impairments

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The Promise of Assistive Technology to Enhance Activity and Work Participation

The U.S. Census Bureau has reported that 56.7 million Americans had some type of disability in 2010, which represents 18.7 percent of the civilian noninstitutionalized population included in the 2010 Survey of Income and Program Participation. The U.S. Social Security Administration (SSA) provides disability benefits through the Social Security Disability Insurance (SSDI) program and the Supplemental Security Income (SSI) program. As of December 2015, approximately 11 million individuals were SSDI beneficiaries, and about 8 million were SSI beneficiaries. SSA currently considers assistive devices in the nonmedical and medical areas of its program guidelines. During determinations of substantial gainful activity and income eligibility for SSI benefits, the reasonable cost of items, devices, or services applicants need to enable them to work with their impairment is subtracted from eligible earnings, even if those items or services are used for activities of daily living in addition to work. In addition, SSA considers assistive devices in its medical disability determination process and assessment of work capacity. The Promise of Assistive Technology to Enhance Activity and Work Participation provides an analysis of selected assistive products and technologies, including wheeled and seated mobility devices, upper-extremity prostheses, and products and technologies selected by the committee that pertain to hearing and to communication and speech in adults.

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503

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National Academies Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

0309457874

ISBN 13

9780309457873

Improving the Social Security Disability Decision Process

By: Institute of Medicine,Board on Military and Veterans Health,Committee on Improving the Disability Decision Process: SSA's Listing of Impairments and Agency Access to Medical Expertise

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Improving the Social Security Disability Decision Process

By: Institute of Medicine,Board on Military and Veterans Health,Committee on Improving the Disability Decision Process: SSA's Listing of Impairments and Agency Access to Medical Expertise

The Social Security Administration (SSA) provides Social Security Disability Insurance (SSDI) benefits to disabled persons of less than full retirement age and to their dependents. SSA also provides Supplemental Security Income (SSI) payments to disabled persons who are under age 65. For both programs, disability is defined as a "medically determinable physical or mental impairment" that prevents an individual from engaging in any substantial gainful activity and is expected to last at least 12 months or result in death. Assuming that an applicant meets the nonmedical requirements for eligibility (e.g., quarters of covered employment for SSDI; income and asset limits for SSI), the file is sent to the Disability Determination Services (DDS) agency operated by the state in which he or she lives for a determination of medical eligibility. SSA reimburses the states for the full costs of the DDSs. The DDSs apply a sequential decision process specified by SSA to make an initial decision whether a claim should be allowed or denied. If the claim is denied, the decision can be appealed through several levels of administrative and judicial review. On average, the DDSs allow 37 percent of the claims they adjudicate through the five-step process. A third of those denied decide to appeal, and three-quarters of the appeals result in allowances. Nearly 30 percent of the allowances made each year are made during the appeals process after an initial denial. In 2003, the Commissioner of Social Security announced her intent to develop a "new approach" to disability determination. In late 2004, SSA asked the Institute of Medicine (IOM) to help in two areas related to its initiatives to improve the disability decision process: 1) Improvements in the criteria for determining the severity of impairments, and 2) Improvements in the use of medical expertise in the disability decision process. This interim report provides preliminary recommendations addressing the three tasks that relate to medical expertise issues, with a special focus on the appropriate qualifications of medical and psychological experts involved in disability decision making. After further information gathering and analyses of the effectiveness of the disability decision process in identifying those who qualify for benefits and those who do not, the committee may refine its recommendations concerning medical and psychological expertise in the final report. The final report will address a number of issues with potential implications for the qualifications of the medical experts involved in the disability decision process.

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290

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National Academies Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

0309103819

ISBN 13

9780309103817

Improving the Measurement of Late-Life Disability in Population Surveys

Beyond ADLs and IADLs: Summary of a Workshop

By: National Research Council,Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education,Committee on Population,Committee on National Statistics

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Improving the Measurement of Late-Life Disability in Population Surveys

Beyond ADLs and IADLs: Summary of a Workshop

By: National Research Council,Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education,Committee on Population,Committee on National Statistics

Improving the Measurement of Late-Life Disability in Population Surveys summarizes a workshop organized to draw upon recent advances to improve the measurement of physical and cognitive disability in population surveys of the elderly population. The book questions whether or not the measures of activities of daily living and instrumental activities of daily living used in many population surveys are sufficient as the primary survey-based indicators of late-life disability. If not, should they be refined or should they be supplemented by other measures of disability in surveys? If yes, in what ways should disability measures be changed or modified to produce population estimates of late-life disability and to monitor trends? The book also discusses what further research is needed to advance this effort.

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180

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National Academies Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

0309143713

ISBN 13

9780309143714

Workshop on Disability in America

A New Look: Summary and Background Papers

By: Institute of Medicine,Board on Health Sciences Policy,Committee on Disability in America: A New Look

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Workshop on Disability in America

A New Look: Summary and Background Papers

By: Institute of Medicine,Board on Health Sciences Policy,Committee on Disability in America: A New Look

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Solve jigsaw puzzle

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Page Count

292

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National Academies Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

0309164745

ISBN 13

9780309164740

Book's by Committee on Disability in America: A New Look

Workshop on Disability in America

Workshop on Disability in America

The Future of Disability in America

The Future of Disability in America

The Promise of Assistive Technology to Enhance Activity and Work Participation

The Promise of Assistive Technology to Enhance Activity and Work Participation

Improving the Social Security Disability Decision Process

Improving the Social Security Disability Decision Process

Improving the Measurement of Late-Life Disability in Population Surveys

Improving the Measurement of Late-Life Disability in Population Surveys

Workshop on Disability in America

Workshop on Disability in America

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