Committee on Alternative Chemical Demilitarization Technologies's Books

Alternative Technologies for the Destruction of Chemical Agents and Munitions

By: National Research Council,Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences,Commission on Engineering and Technical Systems,Committee on Alternative Chemical Demilitarization Technologies

Write a review Read reviews Take a Quiz Solve Book Puzzle

Alternative Technologies for the Destruction of Chemical Agents and Munitions

By: National Research Council,Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences,Commission on Engineering and Technical Systems,Committee on Alternative Chemical Demilitarization Technologies

The U.S. Army Chemical Stockpile Disposal Program was established with the goal of destroying the nation's stockpile of lethal unitary chemical weapons. Since 1990 the U.S. Army has been testing a baseline incineration technology on Johnston Island in the southern Pacific Ocean. Under the planned disposal program, this baseline technology will be imported in the mid to late 1990s to continental United States disposal facilities; construction will include eight stockpile storage sites. In early 1992 the Committee on Alternative Chemical Demilitarization Technologies was formed by the National Research Council to investigate potential alternatives to the baseline technology. This book, the result of its investigation, addresses the use of alternative destruction technologies to replace, partly or wholly, or to be used in addition to the baseline technology. The book considers principal technologies that might be applied to the disposal program, strategies that might be used to manage the stockpile, and combinations of technologies that might be employed.

Average ratings

N/A

Write a review

Solve jigsaw puzzle

Age

Page Count

342

Publisher

National Academies Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

0309049466

ISBN 13

9780309049467

Alternative Technologies for the Destruction of Chemical Agents and Munitions

By: National Research Council,Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences,Commission on Engineering and Technical Systems,Committee on Alternative Chemical Demilitarization Technologies

Write a review Read reviews Take a Quiz Solve Book Puzzle

Alternative Technologies for the Destruction of Chemical Agents and Munitions

By: National Research Council,Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences,Commission on Engineering and Technical Systems,Committee on Alternative Chemical Demilitarization Technologies

Average ratings

N/A

Write a review

Solve jigsaw puzzle

Age

Page Count

342

Publisher

National Academies Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

0309074916

ISBN 13

9780309074919

Alternatives for the Demilitarization of Conventional Munitions

By: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences,Board on Army Science and Technology,Committee on Alternatives for the Demilitarization of Conventional Munitions

Write a review Read reviews Take a Quiz Solve Book Puzzle

Alternatives for the Demilitarization of Conventional Munitions

The U.S. military has a stockpile of approximately 400,000 tons of excess, obsolete, or unserviceable munitions. About 60,000 tons are added to the stockpile each year. Munitions include projectiles, bombs, rockets, landmines, and missiles. Open burning/open detonation (OB/OD) of these munitions has been a common disposal practice for decades, although it has decreased significantly since 2011. OB/OD is relatively quick, procedurally straightforward, and inexpensive. However, the downside of OB and OD is that they release contaminants from the operation directly into the environment. Over time, a number of technology alternatives to OB/OD have become available and more are in research and development. Alternative technologies generally involve some type of contained destruction of the energetic materials, including contained burning or contained detonation as well as contained methods that forego combustion or detonation. Alternatives for the Demilitarization of Conventional Munitions reviews the current conventional munitions demilitarization stockpile and analyzes existing and emerging disposal, treatment, and reuse technologies. This report identifies and evaluates any barriers to full-scale deployment of alternatives to OB/OD or non-closed loop incineration/combustion, and provides recommendations to overcome such barriers.

Average ratings

N/A

Write a review

Solve jigsaw puzzle

Age

Page Count

133

Publisher

National Academies Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

0309477328

ISBN 13

9780309477321

Recommendations for the Disposal of Chemical Agents and Munitions

By: National Research Council,Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences,Commission on Engineering and Technical Systems,Committee on Review and Evaluation of the Army Chemical Stockpile Disposal Program

Write a review Read reviews Take a Quiz Solve Book Puzzle

Recommendations for the Disposal of Chemical Agents and Munitions

The U.S. Army's chemical stockpile is aging and gradually deteriorating. Its elimination has public, political, and environmental ramifications. The U.S. Department of Defense has designated the Department of the Army as the executive agent responsible for the safe, timely, and effective elimination of the chemical stockpile. This book provides recommendations on the direction the Army should take in pursuing and completing its Chemical Stockpile Disposal Program.

Average ratings

N/A

Write a review

Solve jigsaw puzzle

Age

Page Count

221

Publisher

National Academies Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

0309050464

ISBN 13

9780309050463

Review of Systemization of the Tooele Chemical Agent Disposal Facility

By: Committee on Review and Evaluation of the Army Chemical Stockpile Disposal Program,Commission on Engineering and Technical Systems,Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences,National Research Council

Write a review Read reviews Take a Quiz Solve Book Puzzle

Review of Systemization of the Tooele Chemical Agent Disposal Facility

In 1993, at Tooele Army Depot, Utah, the Army completed construction of the Tooele Chemical Agent Disposal Facility (TOCDF), the first complete facility for destruction of lethal unitary chemical agents and munitions to be built in the continental United States. The TOCDF will employ the Army's baseline incineration system to destroy the depot's increment of the nation's aging unitary chemical stockpile. This book assesses Army changes and improvements to the TOCDF in response to recommendations contained in earlier reports of the committee. It assesses aspects of the facility's readiness for safe agent handling and destruction operations, its agent monitoring system, and its site specific risk assessment.

Average ratings

N/A

Write a review

Solve jigsaw puzzle

Age

Page Count

135

Publisher

National Academies Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

0309596718

ISBN 13

9780309596718

Disposal of Neutralent Wastes

Review and Evaluation of the Army Non-Stockpile Chemical Materiel Disposal Program

By: National Research Council,Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences,Board on Army Science and Technology,Committee on Review and Evaluation of the Army Non-Stockpile Chemical Materiel Disposal Program

Write a review Read reviews Take a Quiz Solve Book Puzzle

Disposal of Neutralent Wastes

Review and Evaluation of the Army Non-Stockpile Chemical Materiel Disposal Program

Chemical warfare materiel (CWM) is a collection of diverse items that were used during 60 years of efforts by the United States to develop a capability for conducting chemical warfare. Nonstockpile CWM, which is not included in the current U.S. inventory of chemical munitions, includes buried materiel, recovered materiel, binary chemical weapons, former production facilities, and miscellaneous materiel. CWM that was buried in pits on former military sites is now being dug up as the land is being developed for other purposes. Other CWM is on or near the surface at former test and firing ranges. According to the Chemical Weapons Convention (CWC), which was ratified by the United States in April 1997, nonstockpile CWM items in storage at the time of ratification must be destroyed by 2007. The U.S. Army is the designated executive agent for destroying CWM. Nonstockpile CWM is being handled by the Non-Stockpile Chemical Materiel Program (NSCMP); stockpile CWM is the responsibility of the Chemical Stockpile Disposal Program. Because nonstockpile CWM is stored or buried in many locations, the Army is developing transportable disposal systems that can be moved from site to site as needed. The Army has plans to test prototypes of three transportable systems-the rapid response system (RRS), the munitions management device (MMD), and the explosive destruction system (EDS)-for accessing and destroying a range of nonstockpile chemical agents and militarized industrial chemicals. The RRS is designed to treat recovered chemical agent identification sets (CAIS), which contain small amounts of chemical agents and a variety of highly toxic industrial chemicals. The MMD is designed to treat nonexplosively configured chemical munitions. The EDS is designed to treat munitions containing chemical agents with energetics equivalent to three pounds of TNT or less. These munitions are considered too unstable to be transported or stored. A prototype EDS system has recently been tested in England by non-stockpile program personnel. Although originally proposed for evaluation in this report, no test data were available to the committee on the composition of wastes from the EDS. Therefore, alternative technologies for the destruction of EDS wastes will be discussed in a supplemental report in fall 2001. Treatment of solid wastes, such as metal munition bodies, packing materials, and carbon air filters, were excluded from this report. Review and Evaluation of the Army Non-Stockpile Chemical Materiel Disposal Program: Disposal of Neutralent Wastes evaluates the near-term (1999-2005) application of advanced (nonincineration) technologies, such as from the Army's Assembled Chemical Weapons Assessment Program and the Alternative Technologies and Approaches Project, in a semi-fixed, skid-mounted mode to process Rapid Response System, Munitions Management Device, and Explosive Destruction System liquid neutralization wastes.

Average ratings

N/A

Write a review

Solve jigsaw puzzle

Age

Page Count

Publisher

National Academies Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

0309072875

ISBN 13

9780309072878

Review of the Army Non-Stockpile Chemical Materiel Disposal Program

Disposal of Chemical Agent Identification Sets

By: National Research Council,Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences,Commission on Engineering and Technical Systems,Board on Army Science and Technology,Committee on Review and Evaluation of the Army Non-Stockpile Chemical Materiel Disposal Program

Write a review Read reviews Take a Quiz Solve Book Puzzle

Review of the Army Non-Stockpile Chemical Materiel Disposal Program

Disposal of Chemical Agent Identification Sets

This study is a review and evaluation of the U.S. Army's Report to Congress on Alternative Approaches for the Treatment and Disposal of Chemical Agent Identification Sets (CAIS). CAIS are test kits that were used to train soldiers from 1928 to 1969 in defensive responses to a chemical attack. They contain samples of chemicals that had been or might have been used by opponents as chemical warfare agents. The Army's baseline approach for treating and disposing of CAIS has been to develop a mobile treatment system, called the Rapid Response System (RRS), which can be carried by several large over-the-road trailers.

Average ratings

N/A

Write a review

Solve jigsaw puzzle

Age

Page Count

149

Publisher

National Academies Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

0309068797

ISBN 13

9780309068796

Interim Design Assessment for the Blue Grass Chemical Agent Destruction Pilot Plant

By: National Research Council,Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences,Board on Army Science and Technology,Committee to Assess Designs for Pueblo and Blue Grass Chemical Agent Destruction Pilot Plants

Write a review Read reviews Take a Quiz Solve Book Puzzle

Interim Design Assessment for the Blue Grass Chemical Agent Destruction Pilot Plant

Because of concerns about incineration, the Department of Defense plans to use alternative means to destroy the chemical agent stockpiles at the Pueblo and Blue Grass facilities. The DOD contracted with Bechtel Parsons to design and operate pilot plants for this purpose. As part of the NRC efforts to assist the DOD with its chemical demilitarization efforts, the Department requested a review and assessment of the Bechtel designs for both plants. An earlier report presented an assessment of the Pueblo design. This report provides a review of the Blue Grass Chemical Agent Destruction Pilot Plant based on review of data and information about the initial design and some intermediate design data. Among other topics, the report presents technical risk assessment issues, an analysis of delivery and disassembly operations and of agent destruction core processes, and an examination of waste treatment.

Average ratings

N/A

Write a review

Solve jigsaw puzzle

Age

Page Count

Publisher

National Academies Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

0309181690

ISBN 13

9780309181693

Carbon Filtration for Reducing Emissions from Chemical Agent Incineration

Write a review Read reviews Take a Quiz Solve Book Puzzle

Carbon Filtration for Reducing Emissions from Chemical Agent Incineration

This report reviews the Army's evaluation of carbon filters for use in the baseline incineration PAS, as well as the Army's change management process (the Army's tool for evaluating major equipment and operational changes to disposal facilities). In preparing this report, members of the Stockpile Committee evaluated exhaust gas emissions testing at the two operating baseline incineration systems, JACADS and the TOCDF; evaluated the development of the dilute SOPC carbon filter simulation model; and evaluated the conceptual design of a modified PAS with an activated carbon filter. The two major risk assessments conducted for each continental disposal site that use the baseline system, namely, (1) the quantitative risk assessment, which evaluates the risks and consequences of accidental agent releases, and (2) the health risk assessment, which evaluates the potential effects of nonagent emissions on human health and the environment, were also examined.

Average ratings

N/A

Write a review

Solve jigsaw puzzle

Age

Page Count

101

Publisher

National Academies Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

0309172713

ISBN 13

9780309172714

Alternative Technologies for the Destruction of Chemical Agents and Munitions

By: National Research Council,Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences,Commission on Engineering and Technical Systems,Committee on Alternative Chemical Demilitarization Technologies

Write a review Read reviews Take a Quiz Solve Book Puzzle

Alternative Technologies for the Destruction of Chemical Agents and Munitions

By: National Research Council,Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences,Commission on Engineering and Technical Systems,Committee on Alternative Chemical Demilitarization Technologies

Average ratings

N/A

Write a review

Solve jigsaw puzzle

Age

Page Count

342

Publisher

National Academies Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

0309049466

ISBN 13

9780309049467

Systems and Technologies for the Treatment of Non-Stockpile Chemical Warfare Materiel

Write a review Read reviews Take a Quiz Solve Book Puzzle

Systems and Technologies for the Treatment of Non-Stockpile Chemical Warfare Materiel

The main approach adopted by the U.S. Army for destruction of all declared chemical weapon materiel (CWM) is incineration. There has been considerable public opposition to this approach, however, and the Army is developing a mix of fixed site and mobile treatment technologies to dispose of non-stockpile CWM. To assist in this effort, the Army requested NRC to review and evaluate these technologies, and to assess its plans for obtaining regulatory approval for and to involve the public in decisions about the application of those technologies. This book presents an assessment of non-stockpile treatment options and the application of these systems to the non-stockpile inventory, of regulatory and permitting issues, and of the role of the public.

Average ratings

N/A

Write a review

Solve jigsaw puzzle

Age

Page Count

124

Publisher

National Academies Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

0309169399

ISBN 13

9780309169394

Affordable Cleanup?

Opportunities for Cost Reduction in the Decontamination and Decommissioning of the Nation's Uranium Enrichment Facilities

By: National Research Council,Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences,Commission on Engineering and Technical Systems,Committee on Decontamination and Decommissioning of Uranium Enrichment Facilities

Write a review Read reviews Take a Quiz Solve Book Puzzle

Affordable Cleanup?

Opportunities for Cost Reduction in the Decontamination and Decommissioning of the Nation's Uranium Enrichment Facilities

The Energy Policy Act of 1992 called on the National Academy of Sciences to conduct a study and provide recommendations for reducing the costs of decontaminating and decommissioning (D&D) the nation's uranium enrichment facilities located at Oak Ridge, Tennessee; Raducah, Kentucky; and Portsmouth, Ohio. This volume examines the existing plans and cost estimates for the D&D of these facilities, including such elements as technologies, planning and management, and identifies approaches that could reduce D&D costs. It also assesses options for disposition of the large quantities of depleted uranium hexafluoride that are stored at these sites.

Average ratings

N/A

Write a review

Solve jigsaw puzzle

Age

Page Count

324

Publisher

National Academies Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

0309054389

ISBN 13

9780309054386

Tooele Chemical Agent Disposal Facility

Update on National Research Council Recommendations

Write a review Read reviews Take a Quiz Solve Book Puzzle

Tooele Chemical Agent Disposal Facility

Update on National Research Council Recommendations

This report reviews the status of the U.S. Army Chemical Stockpile Disposal Program (CSDP) operations at Tooele, Utah, with respect to previous recommendations and observations made by the National Research Council (NRC) Committee on Review and Evaluation of the Army Chemical Stockpile Disposal Program (Stockpile Committee). The committee recognizes actions that have satisfied recommendations, identifies recommendations that require further action, and provides additional recommendations for improving the overall CSDP performance at the Tooele Chemical Agent Disposal Facility (TOCDF), Tooele, Utah, and other sites.

Average ratings

N/A

Write a review

Solve jigsaw puzzle

Age

Page Count

Publisher

National Academies Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

0309068827

ISBN 13

9780309068826

Review of International Technologies for Destruction of Recovered Chemical Warfare Materiel

By: National Research Council,Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences,Board on Army Science and Technology,Committee on Review and Evaluation of International Technologies for the Destruction of Non-Stockpile Chemical Materiel

Write a review Read reviews Take a Quiz Solve Book Puzzle

Review of International Technologies for Destruction of Recovered Chemical Warfare Materiel

The Chemical Weapons Convention requires, among other things, that the signatories to the conventionâ€"which includes the United Statesâ€"destroy by April 29, 2007, or as soon possible thereafter, any chemical warfare materiel that has been recovered from sites where it has been buried once discovered. For several years the United States and several other countries have been developing and using technologies to dispose of this non-stockpile materiel. To determine whether international efforts have resulted in technologies that would benefit the U.S. program, the U.S. Army asked the NRC to evaluate and compare such technologies to those now used by the United States. This book presents a discussion of factors used in the evaluations, summaries of evaluations of several promising international technologies for processing munitions and for agent-only processing, and summaries of other technologies that are less likely to be of benefit to the U.S. program at this time.

Average ratings

N/A

Write a review

Solve jigsaw puzzle

Age

Page Count

128

Publisher

National Academies Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

0309180511

ISBN 13

9780309180511

Using Supercritical Water Oxidation to Treat Hydrolysate from VX Neutralization

Write a review Read reviews Take a Quiz Solve Book Puzzle

Using Supercritical Water Oxidation to Treat Hydrolysate from VX Neutralization

The U.S. Army has asked the National Research Council (NRC) to evaluate whether supercritical water oxidation (SCWO) is an effective and appropriate means of eliminating hazardous or toxic organic constituents in VX hydrolysate for ultimate disposition. The NRC was not asked to conduct an in-depth analysis of the entire integrated VX bulk agent destruction and disposal process for the Newport Chemical Agent Disposal Facility. As the facility design is being finalized (March 1999-April 2000), the NRC will probably be asked to assess all aspects of the facility design, including monitoring, containment, process control, and redundancy, as well as the quantitative risk assessment (QRA). This report outlines the elements of the proposed neutralization/SCWO technology, evaluates the results of ongoing SCWO tests, and makes recommendations concerning aspects of the technology that require further development. The scope of this evaluation did not include evaluations of other potential technologies or management options for the treatment of VX hydrolysate.

Average ratings

N/A

Write a review

Solve jigsaw puzzle

Age

Page Count

Publisher

National Academies Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

0309060435

ISBN 13

9780309060431

Evaluation of Demonstration Test Results of Alternative Technologies for Demilitarization of Assembled Chemical Weapons

A Supplemental Review

By: Committee on Review and Evaluation of Alternative Technologies for Demilitarization of Assembled Chemical Weapons,Commission on Engineering and Technical Systems,Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences,National Research Council

Write a review Read reviews Take a Quiz Solve Book Puzzle

Evaluation of Demonstration Test Results of Alternative Technologies for Demilitarization of Assembled Chemical Weapons

A Supplemental Review

In 1996, the U.S. Congress enacted two laws, Public Law 104-201 (authorization legislation) and Public Law 104-208 (appropriation legislation), mandating that the U.S. Department of Defense (DOD) conduct an assessment of alternative technologies to the baseline incineration process for the demilitarization of assembled chemical munitions. The PMACWA had previously requested that the National Research Council (NRC) perform and publish an independent evaluation of the seven technologies packages that had been selected during earlier phases of the Assembled Chemical Weapons Assessment (ACWA) program and deliver a report by September 1, 1999. However, to meet that deadline, the NRC Committee on Review and Evaluation of Alternative Technologies for Demilitarization of Assembled Chemical Weapons (ACW Committee) had to terminate its data-gathering activities on March 15, 1999, prior to the completion of demonstration tests. In September 1999, the PMACWA requested that the ACW Committee examine the reports of the demonstration tests and determine if the results changed the committee's original findings, recommendations, and comments. Evaluation of Demonstration Test Results of Alternative Technologies for Demilitarization of Assembled Chemical Weapons documents the committee's reassessment of the findings and recommendations in the original report, Review and Evaluation of Alternative Technologies for Demilitarization of Assembled Chemical Weapons.

Average ratings

N/A

Write a review

Solve jigsaw puzzle

Age

Page Count

Publisher

National Academies Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

0309073782

ISBN 13

9780309073783

Review and Evaluation of Alternative Technologies for Demilitarization of Assembled Chemical Weapons

By: National Research Council,Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences,Commission on Engineering and Technical Systems,Committee on Review and Evaluation of Alternative Technologies for Demilitarization of Assembled Chemical Weapons

Write a review Read reviews Take a Quiz Solve Book Puzzle

Review and Evaluation of Alternative Technologies for Demilitarization of Assembled Chemical Weapons

This report examines seven disposal technologies being considered by the U.S. government as alternative methods to the process of incineration for destroying mortars, rockets, land mines, and other weapons that contain chemical warfare agents, such as mustard gas. These weapons are considered especially dangerous because they contain both chemical warfare agent and explosive materials in an assembled package that must be disassembled for destruction. The study identifies the strengths and weaknesses and advantages and disadvantages of each technology and assesses their potential for full-scale implementation.

Average ratings

N/A

Write a review

Solve jigsaw puzzle

Age

Page Count

267

Publisher

National Academies Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

0309184002

ISBN 13

9780309184007

Review and Evaluation of Alternative Technologies for Demilitarization of Assembled Chemical Weapons

Write a review Read reviews Take a Quiz Solve Book Puzzle

Review and Evaluation of Alternative Technologies for Demilitarization of Assembled Chemical Weapons

Average ratings

N/A

Write a review

Solve jigsaw puzzle

Age

Page Count

267

Publisher

National Academies Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

0309184002

ISBN 13

9780309184007

Evaluation of Demonstration Test Results of Alternative Technologies for Demilitarization of Assembled Chemical Weapons

A Supplemental Review for Demonstration II

By: National Research Council,Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences,Board on Army Science and Technology,Committee on Review and Evaluation of Alternative Technologies for Demilitarization of Assembled Chemical Weapons: Phase II

Write a review Read reviews Take a Quiz Solve Book Puzzle

Evaluation of Demonstration Test Results of Alternative Technologies for Demilitarization of Assembled Chemical Weapons

A Supplemental Review for Demonstration II

By direction of Congress, the U.S. Department of Defense's (DoD's) program manager for the Assembled Chemical Weapons Assessment (PMACWA) asked the National Research Council (NRC) Committee on Review and Evaluation of Alternative Technologies for Demilitarization of Assembled Chemical Weapons: Phase II (the ACW II committee) to conduct an independent scientific and technical assessment of three alternative technologies (referred to as Demo II) under consideration for the destruction of assembled chemical weapons at U.S. chemical weapons storage sites. The three technologies are AEA Technologies Corporation's (AEA's) electrochemical oxidation process; the transpiring-wall supercritical water oxidation and gasphase chemical reduction processes of Foster Wheeler/Eco Logic/Kvaerner (FW/EL/K); and Teledyne-Commodore's solvated electron process. Each of these technologies represents an alternative to incineration for the complete destruction of chemical agents and associated energetic materials. The demonstration tests were approved by the PMACWA after an initial assessment of each technology. The results of that initial assessment were reviewed by an earlier NRC committee, the Committee on Review and Evaluation of Alternative Technologies for Demilitarization of Assembled Chemical Weapons (the ACW I committee). For the present review, the committee conducted an indepth examination of each technology provider's data, analyses, and demonstration test results for the critical components tested. This review report supplements the ACW I report and considers the demonstration performance of the Demo II candidate technologies and their readiness for advancement to pilot-scale implementation. Because testing in these areas is ongoing, the committee decided to cut short its fact-finding efforts for input to this report as of March 30, 2001.

Average ratings

N/A

Write a review

Solve jigsaw puzzle

Age

Page Count

Publisher

National Academies Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

030907634X

ISBN 13

9780309076340

Integrated Design of Alternative Technologies for Bulk-Only Chemical Agent Disposal Facilities

By: National Research Council,Commission on Engineering and Technical Systems,Board on Army Science and Technology,Committee on Review and Evaluation of the Army Chemical Stockpile Disposal Program

Write a review Read reviews Take a Quiz Solve Book Puzzle

Integrated Design of Alternative Technologies for Bulk-Only Chemical Agent Disposal Facilities

By: National Research Council,Commission on Engineering and Technical Systems,Board on Army Science and Technology,Committee on Review and Evaluation of the Army Chemical Stockpile Disposal Program

The U.S. Army is pilot testing chemical hydrolysis as a method for destroying the chemical agents stockpiled at Aberdeen, Maryland (HD mustard agent), and Newport, Indiana (VX nerve agent). The chemical agents at both locations, which are stored only in bulk ton containers, will be hydrolyzed (using aqueous sodium hydroxide for VX and water for HD) at slightly below the boiling temperature of the solution. The resulting hydrolysate at Aberdeen, which will contain thiodiglycol as the primary reaction product, will be treated by activated sludge biodegradation in sequencing batch reactors to oxidize organic constituents prior to discharge to an on-site federally owned wastewater treatment facility. The hydrolysate at Newport, which will contain a thiol amine and methyl phosphonic acid as the major reaction products, is not readily amenable to treatment by biodegradation. Therefore, organic constituents will be treated using supercritical water oxidation (SCWO). Integrated Design of Alternative Technologies for Bulk-Only Chemical Agent Disposal Facilities focuses on the overarching issues in the process designs integrating individual processing steps, including potential alternative configurations and process safety and reliability. This report reviews the acquisition design packages (ADPs) for the ABCDF and NECDF prepared by Stone and Webster Engineering Company for the U.S. Army.

Average ratings

N/A