Committee on Accelerating Progress in Obesity Prevention's Books

Accelerating Progress in Obesity Prevention

Solving the Weight of the Nation

By: Institute of Medicine,Food and Nutrition Board,Committee on Accelerating Progress in Obesity Prevention

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Accelerating Progress in Obesity Prevention

Solving the Weight of the Nation

By: Institute of Medicine,Food and Nutrition Board,Committee on Accelerating Progress in Obesity Prevention

One-third of adults are now obese, and children's obesity rates have climbed from 5 to 17 percent in the past 30 years. The causes of the nation's obesity epidemic are multi-factorial, having much more to do with the absence of sidewalks and the limited availability of healthy and affordable foods than a lack of personal responsibility. The broad societal changes that are needed to prevent obesity will inevitably affect activity and eating environments and settings for all ages. Many aspects of the obesity problem have been identified and discussed; however, there has not been complete agreement on what needs to be done to accelerate progress. Accelerating Progress in Obesity Prevention reviews previous studies and their recommendations and presents five key recommendations to accelerate meaningful change on a societal level during the next decade. The report suggests recommendations and strategies that, independently, can accelerate progress, but urges a systems approach of many strategies working in concert to maximize progress in accelerating obesity prevention. The recommendations in Accelerating Progress in Obesity Prevention include major reforms in access to and opportunities for physical activity; widespread reductions in the availability of unhealthy foods and beverages and increases in access to healthier options at affordable, competitive prices; an overhaul of the messages that surround Americans through marketing and education with respect to physical activity and food consumption; expansion of the obesity prevention support structure provided by health care providers, insurers, and employers; and schools as a major national focal point for obesity prevention. The report calls on all individuals, organizations, agencies, and sectors that do or can influence physical activity and nutrition environments to assess and begin to act on their potential roles as leaders in obesity prevention.

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478

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National Academies Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

0309221544

ISBN 13

9780309221542

Measuring Progress in Obesity Prevention

Workshop Report

By: Institute of Medicine,Food and Nutrition Board,Committee on Accelerating Progress in Obesity Prevention

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Measuring Progress in Obesity Prevention

Workshop Report

By: Institute of Medicine,Food and Nutrition Board,Committee on Accelerating Progress in Obesity Prevention

Nearly 69 percent of U.S. adults and 32 percent of children are either overweight or obese, creating an annual medical cost burden that may reach $147 billion. Researchers and policy makers are eager to identify improved measures of environmental and policy factors that contribute to obesity prevention. The IOM formed the Committee on Accelerating Progress in Obesity Prevention to review the IOM's past obesity-related recommendations, identify a set of recommendations for future action, and recommend indicators of progress in implementing these actions. The committee held a workshop in March 2011 about how to improve measurement of progress in obesity prevention.

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158

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National Academies Press

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ISBN 10

0309222427

ISBN 13

9780309222426

Accelerating Progress in Obesity Prevention

Solving the Weight of the Nation

By: Institute of Medicine,Food and Nutrition Board,Committee on Accelerating Progress in Obesity Prevention

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Accelerating Progress in Obesity Prevention

Solving the Weight of the Nation

By: Institute of Medicine,Food and Nutrition Board,Committee on Accelerating Progress in Obesity Prevention

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478

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ISBN 10

0309221544

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9780309221542

Evaluating Obesity Prevention Efforts

A Plan for Measuring Progress

By: Institute of Medicine,Food and Nutrition Board,Committee on Evaluating Progress of Obesity Prevention Effort

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Evaluating Obesity Prevention Efforts

A Plan for Measuring Progress

By: Institute of Medicine,Food and Nutrition Board,Committee on Evaluating Progress of Obesity Prevention Effort

Obesity poses one of the greatest public health challenges of the 21st century, creating serious health, economic, and social consequences for individuals and society. Despite acceleration in efforts to characterize, comprehend, and act on this problem, including implementation of preventive interventions, further understanding is needed on the progress and effectiveness of these interventions. Evaluating Obesity Prevention Efforts develops a concise and actionable plan for measuring the nation's progress in obesity prevention efforts-specifically, the success of policy and environmental strategies recommended in the 2012 IOM report Accelerating Progress in Obesity Prevention: Solving the Weight of the Nation. This book offers a framework that will provide guidance for systematic and routine planning, implementation, and evaluation of the advancement of obesity prevention efforts. This framework is for specific use with the goals and strategies from the 2012 report and can be used to assess the progress made in every community and throughout the country, with the ultimate goal of reducing the obesity epidemic. It offers potentially valuable guidance in improving the quality and effect of the actions being implemented. The recommendations of Evaluating Obesity Prevention Efforts focus on efforts to increase the likelihood that actions taken to prevent obesity will be evaluated, that their progress in accelerating the prevention of obesity will be monitored, and that the most promising practices will be widely disseminated.

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463

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National Academies Press

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ISBN 10

0309285275

ISBN 13

9780309285278

Measuring Progress in Obesity Prevention

Workshop Report

By: Institute of Medicine,Food and Nutrition Board,Committee on Accelerating Progress in Obesity Prevention

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Measuring Progress in Obesity Prevention

Workshop Report

By: Institute of Medicine,Food and Nutrition Board,Committee on Accelerating Progress in Obesity Prevention

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National Academies Press

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ISBN 10

0309222397

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9780309222396

Progress in Preventing Childhood Obesity

Focus on Communities - Brief Summary: Institute of Medicine Regional Symposium

By: National Academies,Institute of Medicine,Food and Nutrition Board,Committee on Progress in Preventing Childhood Obesity,In collaboration with the Healthcare Georgia Foundation

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Progress in Preventing Childhood Obesity

Focus on Communities - Brief Summary: Institute of Medicine Regional Symposium

By: National Academies,Institute of Medicine,Food and Nutrition Board,Committee on Progress in Preventing Childhood Obesity,In collaboration with the Healthcare Georgia Foundation

The nation faces a growing epidemic of childhood obesity that threatens the immediate health of our children and their prospects of growing up healthy into adulthood. During the past 30 years, obesity in the United States has more than doubled among young children aged 2-5 years and adolescents aged 12-19 years, and it has more than tripled among youth aged 6-11 years. Currently, more than 9 million children 6 years of age and older are considered to be obese. The sequelae of obesity among children and youth are also rapidly increasing, including an increased risk of type 2 diabetes, hypertension, metabolic syndrome, asthma, and social and psychological consequences including low self-esteem and depression. To develop a prevention-focused action plan to reduce the number of obese children and youth in the United States, the Institute of Medicine organized three regional symposia, and held its second regional symposium in Atlanta, Georgia on October 6-7, 2005. Progress in Preventing Childhood Obesity: Focus on Communities highlights the recurring themes that emerged from the symposium for accelerating change and moving forward with obesity prevention efforts: empower communities and neighborhoods, change the environment, forge strategic partnerships, garner and mobilize political support, educate stakeholders, identify leaders and build on cultural assets, collect and disseminate local data, evaluate programs and interventions, and translate successful interventions to other communities. Approximately 90 individuals active in childhood obesity prevention efforts in the southeastern region of the United States who represented a range of stake holder perspectives and innovative practices in local communities including students, community leaders, physicians, health educators, clergy, teachers, and state and federal government officials were invited to participate in the symposium. The contents of this summary reflect specific examples presented and discussed during the symposium, and unless otherwise noted, the general perspectives of the participants. This summary, along with two other symposia summaries, and a more detailed discussion of insights and regional examples, will be incorporated in the IOM committee's final report on progress in preventing childhood obesity that will be released in the fall of 2006.

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ISBN 10

0309181143

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9780309181143

Evaluating Obesity Prevention Efforts

A Plan for Measuring Progress

By: Institute of Medicine,Food and Nutrition Board,Committee on Evaluating Progress of Obesity Prevention Effort

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Evaluating Obesity Prevention Efforts

A Plan for Measuring Progress

By: Institute of Medicine,Food and Nutrition Board,Committee on Evaluating Progress of Obesity Prevention Effort

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ISBN 10

0309285275

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9780309285278

Progress in Preventing Childhood Obesity

Focus on Industry - Brief Summary: Institute of Medicine Regional Symposium

By: National Academies,Institute of Medicine,Food and Nutrition Board,Committee on Progress in Preventing Childhood Obesity,In collaboration with The California Endowment

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Progress in Preventing Childhood Obesity

Focus on Industry - Brief Summary: Institute of Medicine Regional Symposium

By: National Academies,Institute of Medicine,Food and Nutrition Board,Committee on Progress in Preventing Childhood Obesity,In collaboration with The California Endowment

In 2002, Congress charged the Institute of Medicine (IOM) with developing a prevention-focused action plan to reduce the number of obese children and youth in the United States. In 2005, with support from The Robert Wood Johnson Foundation (RWJF), the IOM is building on its previous work by conducting a study to assess progress toward the obesity prevention recommendations in the original report. The IOM organized three regional meetings in the midwest, southeastern, and western United States to galvanize obesity prevention efforts of local, state, and national decision-makers, community and school leaders, grassroots organizations, and industry representatives including the food, beverage, restaurant, leisure, recreation, and entertainment industries. These three meetings will involve disseminating the findings and recommendations of the original IOM report and catalyzing dialogues that highlight best practices and identify assets and barriers to moving forward with obesity prevention efforts in each selected region. In collaboration with The California Endowment, the committee held its third regional symposium on December 1, 2005 in Irvine, California. The symposium included three plenary panels that focused on food and physical activity products, portfolio shifts, and packaging innovations; retailing healthy lifestyles with regard to food and physical activity; and the business response to childhood obesity. Participants also engaged in two break-out sessions. The first session focused on marketing communication strategies that promote both healthful products and physical activity opportunities. The second session focused on public and private education campaigns and industry self-regulation of advertising to children. A program agenda is at the end of this summary. The symposium provided a useful forum for stakeholders to explore viable strategies and exchange information about promising practices for addressing barriers to obesity prevention initiatives, and to identify how public health interests can coincide with the business interests of companies to have a positive impact on reversing the childhood obesity trend. This summary highlights the recurring themes for accelerating change and how industry collectively can move forward with obesity prevention efforts that emerged from the symposium. The themes include reverse the obesity trend; market health and nutrition; make a business commitment to health; change the food and physical activity environment; forge strategic partnerships; garner political support to ally public health and industry; educate stakeholders; collect, disseminate, and share local data; and evaluate programs and interventions. This summary, along with those of two other symposia summaries and a more detailed discussion of insights and regional examples, will be incorporated in the IOM committee's final report on progress in preventing childhood obesity that will be released in the fall of 2006.

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ISBN 10

0309181135

ISBN 13

9780309181136

Creating Equal Opportunities for a Healthy Weight

Workshop Summary

By: Institute of Medicine,Food and Nutrition Board,Standing Committee on Childhood Obesity Prevention

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Creating Equal Opportunities for a Healthy Weight

Workshop Summary

By: Institute of Medicine,Food and Nutrition Board,Standing Committee on Childhood Obesity Prevention

Creating Equal Opportunities for a Healthy Weight is the summary of a workshop convened by the Institute of Medicine's Standing Committee on Childhood Obesity Prevention in June 2013 to examine income, race, and ethnicity, and how these factors intersect with childhood obesity and its prevention. Registered participants, along with viewers of a simultaneous webcast of the workshop, heard a series of presentations by researchers, policy makers, advocates, and other stakeholders focused on health disparities associated with income, race, ethnicity, and other characteristics and on how these factors intersect with obesity and its prevention. The workshop featured invited presentations and discussions concerning physical activity, healthy food access, food marketing and messaging, and the roles of employers, health care professionals, and schools. The IOM 2012 report Accelerating Progress in Obesity Prevention acknowledged that a variety of characteristics linked historically to social exclusion or discrimination, including race, ethnicity, religion, socioeconomic status, gender, age, mental health, disability, sexual orientation or gender identity, geographic location, and immigrant status, can thereby affect opportunities for physical activity, healthy eating, health care, work, and education. In many parts of the United States, certain racial and ethnic groups and low-income individuals and families live, learn, work, and play in places that lack health-promoting resources such as parks, recreational facilities, high-quality grocery stores, and walkable streets. These same neighborhoods may have characteristics such as heavy traffic or other unsafe conditions that discourage people from walking or being physically active outdoors. The combination of unhealthy social and environmental risk factors, including limited access to healthy foods and opportunities for physical activity, can contribute to increased levels of chronic stress among community members, which have been linked to increased levels of sedentary activity and increased calorie consumption. Creating Equal Opportunities for a Healthy Weight focuses on the key obesity prevention goals and recommendations outlined in Accelerating Progress in Obesity Prevention through the lens of health equity. This report explores critical aspects of obesity prevention, while discussing potential future research, policy, and action that could lead to equity in opportunities to achieve a healthy weight.

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133

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National Academies Press

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ISBN 10

0309294762

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9780309294768

Alliances for Obesity Prevention

Finding Common Ground: Workshop Summary

By: Institute of Medicine,Food and Nutrition Board,Standing Committee on Childhood Obesity Prevention

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Alliances for Obesity Prevention

Finding Common Ground: Workshop Summary

By: Institute of Medicine,Food and Nutrition Board,Standing Committee on Childhood Obesity Prevention

Many organizations are making focused efforts to prevent obesity. To achieve their goals, accelerate their progress, and sustain their success, the assistance of many other individuals and groups-not all of them with a singular focus on obesity prevention-will be essential. In October 2011 the Institute of Medicine held a workshop that provided an opportunity for obesity prevention groups to hear from and hold discussions with many of these potential allies in obesity prevention. They explored common ground for joint activities and mutual successes and lessons learned from efforts at aligning diverse groups with goals in common.

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ISBN 10

0309224721

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9780309224727

Assessing Prevalence and Trends in Obesity

Navigating the Evidence

By: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Health and Medicine Division,Food and Nutrition Board,Committee on Evaluating Approaches to Assessing Prevalence and Trends in Obesity

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Assessing Prevalence and Trends in Obesity

Navigating the Evidence

By: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Health and Medicine Division,Food and Nutrition Board,Committee on Evaluating Approaches to Assessing Prevalence and Trends in Obesity

Obesity has come to the forefront of the American public health agenda. The increased attention has led to a growing interest in quantifying obesity prevalence and determining how the prevalence has changed over time. Estimates of obesity prevalence and trends are fundamental to understanding and describing the scope of issue. Policy makers, program planners, and other stakeholders at the national, state, and local levels are among those who search for estimates relevant to their population(s) of interest to inform their decision-making. The differences in the collection, analysis, and interpretation of data have given rise to a body of evidence that is inconsistent and has created barriers to interpreting and applying published reports. As such, there is a need to provide guidance to those who seek to better understand and use estimates of obesity prevalence and trends. Assessing Prevalence and Trends in Obesity examines the approaches to data collection, analysis, and interpretation that have been used in recent reports on obesity prevalence and trends at the national, state, and local level, particularly among U.S. children, adolescents, and young adults. This report offers a framework for assessing studies on trends in obesity, principally among children and young adults, for policy making and program planning purposes, and recommends ways decision makers and others can move forward in assessing and interpreting reports on obesity trends.

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301

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National Academies Press

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ISBN 10

0309442710

ISBN 13

9780309442718

Challenges and Opportunities for Change in Food Marketing to Children and Youth

Workshop Summary

By: Institute of Medicine,Food and Nutrition Board,Standing Committee on Childhood Obesity Prevention

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Challenges and Opportunities for Change in Food Marketing to Children and Youth

Workshop Summary

By: Institute of Medicine,Food and Nutrition Board,Standing Committee on Childhood Obesity Prevention

The childhood obesity epidemic is an urgent public health problem. The most recent data available show that nearly 19 percent of boys and about 15 percent of girls aged 2-19 are obese, and almost a third of U.S. children and adolescents are overweight or obese (Ogden et al., 2012). The obesity epidemic will continue to take a substantial toll on the health of Americans. In the midst of this epidemic, children are exposed to an enormous amount of commercial advertising and marketing for food. In 2009, children aged 2-11 saw an average of more than 10 television food ads per day (Powell et al., 2011). Children see and hear advertising and marketing messages for food through many other channels as well, including radio, movies, billboards, and print media. Most notably, many new digital media venues and vehicles for food marketing have emerged in recent years, including Internet-based advergames, couponing on cell phones, and marketing on social networks, and much of this advertising is invisible to parents. The marketing of high-calorie, low-nutrient foods and beverages is linked to overweight and obesity. A major 2006 report from the Institute of Medicine (IOM) documents evidence that television advertising influences the food and beverage preferences, requests, and short-term consumption of children aged 2-11 (IOM, 2006). Challenges and Opportunities for Change in Food Marketing to Children and Youth also documents a body of evidence showing an association of television advertising with the adiposity of children and adolescents aged 2-18. The report notes the prevailing pattern that food and beverage products marketed to children and youth are often high in calories, fat, sugar, and sodium; are of low nutritional value; and tend to be from food groups Americans are already overconsuming. Furthermore, marketing messages that promote nutrition, healthful foods, or physical activity are scarce (IOM, 2006). To review progress and explore opportunities for action on food and beverage marketing that targets children and youth, the IOM's Standing Committee on Childhood Obesity Prevention held a workshop in Washington, DC, on November 5, 2012, titled "New Challenges and Opportunities in Food Marketing to Children and Youth.

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National Academies Press

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ISBN 10

0309269563

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9780309269568

A Framework for Assessing Effects of the Food System

By: National Research Council,Institute of Medicine,Board on Agriculture and Natural Resources,Food and Nutrition Board,Committee on a Framework for Assessing the Health, Environmental, and Social Effects of the Food System

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A Framework for Assessing Effects of the Food System

How we produce and consume food has a bigger impact on Americans' well-being than any other human activity. The food industry is the largest sector of our economy; food touches everything from our health to the environment, climate change, economic inequality, and the federal budget. From the earliest developments of agriculture, a major goal has been to attain sufficient foods that provide the energy and the nutrients needed for a healthy, active life. Over time, food production, processing, marketing, and consumption have evolved and become highly complex. The challenges of improving the food system in the 21st century will require systemic approaches that take full account of social, economic, ecological, and evolutionary factors. Policy or business interventions involving a segment of the food system often have consequences beyond the original issue the intervention was meant to address. A Framework for Assessing Effects of the Food System develops an analytical framework for assessing effects associated with the ways in which food is grown, processed, distributed, marketed, retailed, and consumed in the United States. The framework will allow users to recognize effects across the full food system, consider all domains and dimensions of effects, account for systems dynamics and complexities, and choose appropriate methods for analysis. This report provides example applications of the framework based on complex questions that are currently under debate: consumption of a healthy and safe diet, food security, animal welfare, and preserving the environment and its resources. A Framework for Assessing Effects of the Food System describes the U.S. food system and provides a brief history of its evolution into the current system. This report identifies some of the real and potential implications of the current system in terms of its health, environmental, and socioeconomic effects along with a sense for the complexities of the system, potential metrics, and some of the data needs that are required to assess the effects. The overview of the food system and the framework described in this report will be an essential resource for decision makers, researchers, and others to examine the possible impacts of alternative policies or agricultural or food processing practices.

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340

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National Academies Press

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ISBN 10

030930783X

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9780309307833

Progress in Preventing Childhood Obesity

Focus on Industry - Brief Summary: Institute of Medicine Regional Symposium

By: National Academies,Institute of Medicine,Food and Nutrition Board,Committee on Progress in Preventing Childhood Obesity,In collaboration with The California Endowment

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Progress in Preventing Childhood Obesity

Focus on Industry - Brief Summary: Institute of Medicine Regional Symposium

By: National Academies,Institute of Medicine,Food and Nutrition Board,Committee on Progress in Preventing Childhood Obesity,In collaboration with The California Endowment

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ISBN 10

0309101905

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9780309101905

Evaluating Obesity Prevention Efforts

A Plan for Measuring Progress

By: Institute of Medicine (U.S.). Food and Nutrition Board

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Evaluating Obesity Prevention Efforts

A Plan for Measuring Progress

By: Institute of Medicine (U.S.). Food and Nutrition Board

Obesity poses one of the greatest public health challenges of the 21st century, creating serious health, economic, and social consequences for individuals and society. Despite acceleration in efforts to characterize, comprehend, and act on this problem, including implementation of preventive interventions, further understanding is needed on the progress and effectiveness of these interventions. Evaluating Obesity Prevention Efforts develops a concise and actionable plan for measuring the nation's progress in obesity prevention efforts--specifically, the success of policy and environmental strategies recommended in the 2012 IOM report Accelerating Progress in Obesity Prevention: Solving the Weight of the Nation. This book offers a framework that will provide guidance for systematic and routine planning, implementation, and evaluation of the advancement of obesity prevention efforts. This framework is for specific use with the goals and strategies from the 2012 report and can be used to assess the progress made in every community and throughout the country, with the ultimate goal of reducing the obesity epidemic. It offers potentially valuable guidance in improving the quality and effect of the actions being implemented. The recommendations of Evaluating Obesity Prevention Efforts focus on efforts to increase the likelihood that actions taken to prevent obesity will be evaluated, that their progress in accelerating the prevention of obesity will be monitored, and that the most promising practices will be widely disseminated."--Publisher's description.

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449

Published Date

ISBN 10

0309289629

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9780309289627

Alliances for Obesity Prevention

Finding Common Ground: Workshop Summary

By: Institute of Medicine,Food and Nutrition Board,Standing Committee on Childhood Obesity Prevention

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Alliances for Obesity Prevention

Finding Common Ground: Workshop Summary

By: Institute of Medicine,Food and Nutrition Board,Standing Committee on Childhood Obesity Prevention

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ISBN 10

0309224721

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9780309224727

Progress in Preventing Childhood Obesity

Focus on Schools: Brief Summary: Institute of Medicine Regional Symposium

By: National Academies,Institute of Medicine,Food and Nutrition Board,Committee on Progress in Preventing Childhood Obesity,In collaboration with the Kansas Health Foundation

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Progress in Preventing Childhood Obesity

Focus on Schools: Brief Summary: Institute of Medicine Regional Symposium

By: National Academies,Institute of Medicine,Food and Nutrition Board,Committee on Progress in Preventing Childhood Obesity,In collaboration with the Kansas Health Foundation

Obesity is now an epidemic among children and adolescents in the United States. Nationwide, roughly nine million children over six years of age are obeseâ€"with elevated risks of both health conditions, such as diabetes and hypertension, and poor quality of life, possibly throughout adulthood. The Institute of Medicine (IOM) report, Preventing Childhood Obesity: Health in the Balance, was released in September 2004 and identified promising approaches for obesity prevention efforts and a set of recommendations for a variety of stake holders and sectors. The IOM is building on its previous work by initiating a new study to assess progress in childhood obesity prevention efforts. In 2005, the IOM organized three regional meeting in the Midwest, South, and Western United States to galvanize obesity prevention efforts of local, state, and national decision-makers, community and school leaders, grassroots organizations, and industry including the food, beverage, restaurant, leisure, and entertainment industries. In collaboration with the Kansas health Foundation (KHF), the IOM held the study's first regional symposium in Wichita, Kansas on June 27-28, 2005. The symposium was structured to include three panels that focused on challenges and innovations for obesity prevention and school policies, school programs, and additional steps that can be taken by numerous stakeholders to overcome barriers to progress. Three break-out sessions focused on creating and strengthening linkages with other sectors to promote childhood obesity prevention including links between schools and home, community, and health care; links between schools and industry; and links between schools and the built environment. This brief summary highlights the recurring themes for accelerating change and moving forward with obesity prevention efforts that emerged from the symposium; forge strategic partnerships; empower local schools and communities; educate stakeholders; evaluate obesity prevention efforts; document the benefits of obesity preventions; innovate to address barriers; use a systems approach; and develop a long-term strategic plan. The findings of this summary, along with those of two other symposia, and a more detailed discussion of insights and regional examples will be incorporated in the committee's final report that will be released in 2006.

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National Academies Press

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ISBN 10

030918200X

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9780309182003

Creating Equal Opportunities for a Healthy Weight

Workshop Summary

By: Institute of Medicine,Food and Nutrition Board,Standing Committee on Childhood Obesity Prevention

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Creating Equal Opportunities for a Healthy Weight

Workshop Summary

By: Institute of Medicine,Food and Nutrition Board,Standing Committee on Childhood Obesity Prevention

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133

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National Academies Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

0309294762

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9780309294768

Progress in Preventing Childhood Obesity

How Do We Measure Up?

By: Institute of Medicine,Food and Nutrition Board,Committee on Progress in Preventing Childhood Obesity

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Progress in Preventing Childhood Obesity

How Do We Measure Up?

By: Institute of Medicine,Food and Nutrition Board,Committee on Progress in Preventing Childhood Obesity

The remarkable increase in the prevalence of obesity among children and youth in the United States over a relatively short timespan represents one of the defining public health challenges of the 21st century. The country is beginning to recognize childhood obesity as a major public health epidemic that will incur substantial costs to the nation. However, the current level of investment by the public and private sectors still does not match the extent of the problem. There is a substantial underinvestment of resources to adequately address the scope of this obesity crisis. At this early phase in addressing the epidemic, actions have begun on a number of levels to improve the dietary patterns and to increase the physical activity levels of young people. Schools, corporations, youth-related organizations, families, communities, foundations, and government agencies are working to implement a variety of policy changes, new programs, and other interventions. These efforts, however, generally remain fragmented and small in scale. Moreover, the lack of systematic monitoring and evaluation of interventions have hindered the development of an evidence base to identify, apply, and disseminate lessons learned and to support promising efforts to prevent childhood obesity. Progress in Preventing Childhood Obesity: How Do We Measure Up? examines the progress made by obesity prevention initiatives in the United States from 2004 to 2006. This book emphasizes a call to action for key stakeholders and sectors to commit to and demonstrate leadership in childhood obesity prevention, evaluates all policies and programs, monitors their progress, and encourages stakeholders to widely disseminate promising practices. This book will be of interest to federal, state, and local government agencies; educators and schools; public health and health care professionals; private-sector companies and industry trade groups; media; parents; and those involved in implementing community-based programs and consumer advocacy.

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495

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National Academies Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

0309102081

ISBN 13

9780309102087

Bridging the Evidence Gap in Obesity Prevention

A Framework to Inform Decision Making

By: Institute of Medicine,Food and Nutrition Board,Committee on an Evidence Framework for Obesity Prevention Decision Making

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Bridging the Evidence Gap in Obesity Prevention

A Framework to Inform Decision Making

By: Institute of Medicine,Food and Nutrition Board,Committee on an Evidence Framework for Obesity Prevention Decision Making

To battle the obesity epidemic in America, health care professionals and policymakers need relevant, useful data on the effectiveness of obesity prevention policies and programs. Bridging the Evidence Gap in Obesity Prevention identifies a new approach to decision making and research on obesity prevention to use a systems perspective to gain a broader understanding of the context of obesity and the many factors that influence it.

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336

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National Academies Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

0309149894

ISBN 13

9780309149891

Legal Strategies in Childhood Obesity Prevention

Workshop Summary

By: Institute of Medicine,Food and Nutrition Board,Standing Committee on Childhood Obesity Prevention

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Legal Strategies in Childhood Obesity Prevention

Workshop Summary

By: Institute of Medicine,Food and Nutrition Board,Standing Committee on Childhood Obesity Prevention

Since 1980, childhood obesity rates have more than tripled in the United States. Recent data show that almost one-third of children over 2 years of age are already overweight or obese. While the prevalence of childhood obesity appears to have plateaued in recent years, the magnitude of the problem remains unsustainably high and represents an enormous public health concern. All options for addressing the childhood obesity epidemic must therefore be explored. In the United States, legal approaches have successfully reduced other threats to public health, such as the lack of passive restraints in automobiles and the use of tobacco. The question then arises of whether laws, regulations, and litigation can likewise be used to change practices and policies that contribute to obesity. On October 21, 2010, the Institute of Medicine (IOM) held a workshop to bring together stakeholders to discuss the current and future legal strategies aimed at combating childhood obesity. Legal Strategies in Childhood Obesity Prevention summarizes the proceedings of that workshop. The report examines the challenges involved in implementing public health initiatives by using legal strategies to elicit change. It also discusses circumstances in which legal strategies are needed and effective. This workshop was created only to explore the boundaries of potential legal approaches to address childhood obesity, and therefore, does not contain recommendations for the use of such approaches.

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104

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National Academies Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

0309210224

ISBN 13

9780309210225

Local Government Actions to Prevent Childhood Obesity

By: National Research Council,Institute of Medicine,Transportation Research Board,Board on Population Health and Public Health Practice,Board on Children, Youth, and Families,Food and Nutrition Board,Committee on Childhood Obesity Prevention Actions for Local Governments

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Local Government Actions to Prevent Childhood Obesity

The prevalence of childhood obesity is so high in the United States that it may reduce the life expectancy of today's generation of children. While parents and other adult caregivers play a fundamental role in teaching children about healthy behaviors, even the most positive efforts can be undermined by local environments that are poorly suited to supporting healthy behaviors. For example, many communities lack ready sources of healthy food choices, such as supermarkets and grocery stores. Or they may not provide safe places for children to walk or play. In such communities, even the most motivated child or adolescent may find it difficult to act in healthy ways. Local governments-with jurisdiction over many aspects of land use, food marketing, community planning, transportation, health and nutrition programs, and other community issues-are ideally positioned to promote behaviors that will help children and adolescents reach and maintain healthy weights. Local Government Actions to Prevent Childhood Obesity presents a number of recommendations that touch on the vital role of government actions on all levels-federal, state, and local-in childhood obesity prevention. The book offers healthy eating and physical activity strategies for local governments to consider, making it an excellent resource for mayors, managers, commissioners, council members, county board members, and administrators.

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107

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National Academies Press

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ISBN 10

0309139279

ISBN 13

9780309139274

Perspectives from United Kingdom and United States Policy Makers on Obesity Prevention

Workshop Summary

By: Institute of Medicine,Food and Nutrition Board,Standing Committee on Childhood Obesity Prevention

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Perspectives from United Kingdom and United States Policy Makers on Obesity Prevention

Workshop Summary

By: Institute of Medicine,Food and Nutrition Board,Standing Committee on Childhood Obesity Prevention

Both the United Kingdom and the United States are grappling with nationwide epidemics of obesity. Obesity contributes to diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and some cancers, among other diseases. Although many people are aware of obesity's causes and consequences, few see it as a problem for their own families-despite clinical evidence to the contrary. Given this disconnect between perception and reality, policy makers in both countries struggle to find a way to reach people to encourage change. The IOM brought together policy makers from the U.K. and U.S. for a workshop on October 22, 2009, to discuss the challenges of and promising approaches to the struggle against obesity. Presenters spoke about current policies, programs, and partnerships that are addressing the obesity epidemic and evidence for effective strategies to change perception and behaviors. The workshop, summarized in this document, provided an opportunity for both countries to learn from each other's efforts and to consider how to apply new strategies at home.

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ISBN 10

0309150787

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9780309150781

Early Childhood Obesity Prevention Policies

By: Institute of Medicine,Committee on Obesity Prevention Policies for Young Children,Early Childhood Obesity Prevention Policies

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Early Childhood Obesity Prevention Policies

By: Institute of Medicine,Committee on Obesity Prevention Policies for Young Children,Early Childhood Obesity Prevention Policies

Childhood obesity is a serious health problem that has adverse and long-lasting consequences for individuals, families, and communities. The magnitude of the problem has increased dramatically during the last three decades and, despite some indications of a plateau in this growth, the numbers remain stubbornly high. Efforts to prevent childhood obesity to date have focused largely on school-aged children, with relatively little attention to children under age 5. However, there is a growing awareness that efforts to prevent childhood obesity must begin before children ever enter the school system. Early Childhood Obesity Prevention Policies reviews factors related to overweight and obese children from birth to age 5, with a focus on nutrition, physical activity, and sedentary behavior, and recommends policies that can alter children's environments to promote the maintenance of healthy weight. Because the first years of life are important to health and well-being throughout the life span, preventing obesity in infants and young children can contribute to reversing the epidemic of obesity in children and adults. The book recommends that health care providers make parents aware of their child's excess weight early. It also suggests that parents and child care providers keep children active throughout the day, provide them with healthy diets, limit screen time, and ensure children get adequate sleep. In addition to providing comprehensive solutions to tackle the problem of obesity in infants and young children, Early Childhood Obesity Prevention Policies identifies potential actions that could be taken to implement those recommendations. The recommendations can inform the decisions of state and local child care regulators, child care providers, health care providers, directors of federal and local child care and nutrition programs, and government officials at all levels.

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202

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National Academies Press

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ISBN 10

0309210283

ISBN 13

9780309210287

Preventing Childhood Obesity

Health in the Balance

By: Institute of Medicine,Board on Health Promotion and Disease Prevention,Food and Nutrition Board,Committee on Prevention of Obesity in Children and Youth

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Preventing Childhood Obesity

Health in the Balance

By: Institute of Medicine,Board on Health Promotion and Disease Prevention,Food and Nutrition Board,Committee on Prevention of Obesity in Children and Youth

Children's health has made tremendous strides over the past century. In general, life expectancy has increased by more than thirty years since 1900 and much of this improvement is due to the reduction of infant and early childhood mortality. Given this trajectory toward a healthier childhood, we begin the 21st-century with a shocking developmentâ€"an epidemic of obesity in children and youth. The increased number of obese children throughout the U.S. during the past 25 years has led policymakers to rank it as one of the most critical public health threats of the 21st-century. Preventing Childhood Obesity provides a broad-based examination of the nature, extent, and consequences of obesity in U.S. children and youth, including the social, environmental, medical, and dietary factors responsible for its increased prevalence. The book also offers a prevention-oriented action plan that identifies the most promising array of short-term and longer-term interventions, as well as recommendations for the roles and responsibilities of numerous stakeholders in various sectors of society to reduce its future occurrence. Preventing Childhood Obesity explores the underlying causes of this serious health problem and the actions needed to initiate, support, and sustain the societal and lifestyle changes that can reverse the trend among our children and youth.

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