Committee for Assessment of NIH Centers of Excellence Programs's Books

NIH Extramural Center Programs

Criteria for Initiation and Evaluation

By: Institute of Medicine,Board on Health Sciences Policy,Committee for Assessment of NIH Centers of Excellence Programs

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NIH Extramural Center Programs

Criteria for Initiation and Evaluation

By: Institute of Medicine,Board on Health Sciences Policy,Committee for Assessment of NIH Centers of Excellence Programs

Grants for research centers located in universities, medical centers, and other nonprofit research institutions account for about 9 percent of the National Institutes of Health budget. Centers are popular because they can bring visibility, focus, and increased resources to bear on specific diseases. However, congressional debate in 2001 over proposed legislation directing NIH to set up centers for muscular dystrophy research highlighted several areas of uncertainty about how to decide when centers are an appropriate research mechanism in specific cases. The debate also highlighted a growing trend among patient advocacy groups to regard centers as a key element of every disease research program, regardless of how much is known about the disease in question, the availability of experienced researchers, and other factors. This book examines the criteria and procedures used in deciding whether to establish new specialized research centers. It discusses the future role of centers in light of the growing trend of large-scale research in biomedicine, and it offers recommendations for improving the classification and tracking of center programs, clarifying and improving the decision process and criteria for initiating center programs, resolving the occasional disagreements over the appropriateness of centers, and evaluating the performance of center programs more regularly and systematically.

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233

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National Academies Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

0309091527

ISBN 13

9780309091527

Evaluating Occupational Health and Safety Research Programs

Framework and Next Steps

By: National Research Council,Institute of Medicine,Committee for the Review of NIOSH Research Programs

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Evaluating Occupational Health and Safety Research Programs

Framework and Next Steps

By: National Research Council,Institute of Medicine,Committee for the Review of NIOSH Research Programs

Each year, approximately 5,000 fatal work-related injuries and 4 million non-fatal injuries and illnesses occur in the United States. This number represents both unnecessary human suffering and high economic costs. In order to assist in better evaluating workplace safety and create safer work environments, the Institute of Medicine conducted a series of evaluations of the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) research programs, assessing the relevance and impact of NIOSH's work on improving worker safety and health.

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132

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National Academies Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

0309137950

ISBN 13

9780309137959

A Strategy for Assessing Science

Behavioral and Social Research on Aging

By: National Research Council,Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education,Center for Studies of Behavior and Development,Committee on Assessing Behavioral and Social Science Research on Aging

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A Strategy for Assessing Science

Behavioral and Social Research on Aging

A Strategy for Assessing Science offers strategic advice on the perennial issue of assessing rates of progress in different scientific fields. It considers available knowledge about how science makes progress and examines a range of decision-making strategies for addressing key science policy concerns. These include avoiding undue conservatism that may arise from the influence of established disciplines; achieving rational, high-quality, accountable, and transparent decision processes; and establishing an appropriate balance of influence between scientific communities and agency science managers. A Strategy for Assessing Science identifies principles for setting priorities and specific recommendations for the context of behavioral and social research on aging.

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177

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National Academies Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

0309103975

ISBN 13

9780309103978

Hearing Loss Research at NIOSH

Reviews of Research Programs of the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health

By: National Research Council,Institute of Medicine,Board on Health Sciences Policy,Committee to Review the NIOSH Hearing Loss Research Program

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Hearing Loss Research at NIOSH

Reviews of Research Programs of the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health

By: National Research Council,Institute of Medicine,Board on Health Sciences Policy,Committee to Review the NIOSH Hearing Loss Research Program

The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) was established by the Occupational Safety and Health Act of 1970 (U.S. Congress, 1970). Today the agency is part of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. NIOSH is charged with the responsibility to "conduct . . . research, experiments, and demonstrations relating to occupational safety and health" and to develop "innovative methods, techniques, and approaches for dealing with [those] problems" (U.S. Congress, 1970). Its research targets include identifying criteria for use in setting worker exposure standards and exploring new problems that may arise in the workplace. Prevention of occupational hearing loss has been part of the NIOSH research portfolio from the time the agency was established. A principal cause of occupational hearing loss is the cumulative effect of years of exposure to hazardous noise. Exposure to certain chemicals with or without concomitant noise exposure may also contribute to occupational hearing loss. Hearing loss may impede communication in the workplace and contribute to safety hazards. Occupationally acquired hearing loss may also have an adverse effect on workers' lives beyond the workplace. No medical means are currently available to prevent or reverse it, although hearing aids are widely used and research on other treatments is ongoing. Occupational hearing loss is a serious concern, although the number of workers affected is uncertain. In September 2004, NIOSH requested that the National Academies conduct reviews of as many as 15 NIOSH programs with respect to the impact and relevance of their work in reducing workplace injury and illness and to identify future directions that their work might take. The Hearing Loss Research Program was selected by NIOSH as one of the first two programs to be reviewed. Hearing Loss Research at NIOSH examines the following issues for the Hearing Loss Research Program: (1) Progress in reducing workplace illness and injuries through occupational safety and health research, assessed on the basis of an analysis of relevant data about workplace illnesses and injuries and an evaluation of the effect that NIOSH research has had in reducing illness and injuries, (2) Progress in targeting new research to the areas of occupational safety and health most relevant to future improvements in workplace protection, and (3) Significant emerging research areas that appear especially important in terms of their relevance to the mission of NIOSH.

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193

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National Academies Press

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ISBN 10

030910274X

ISBN 13

9780309102742

Examining the Health Disparities Research Plan of the National Institutes of Health

Unfinished Business

By: Institute of Medicine,Board on Health Sciences Policy,Committee on the Review and Assessment of the NIH's Strategic Research Plan and Budget to Reduce and Ultimately Eliminate Health Disparities

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Examining the Health Disparities Research Plan of the National Institutes of Health

Unfinished Business

By: Institute of Medicine,Board on Health Sciences Policy,Committee on the Review and Assessment of the NIH's Strategic Research Plan and Budget to Reduce and Ultimately Eliminate Health Disparities

In the United States, health among racial and ethnic minorities, as well as poor people, is significantly worse than the overall U.S. population. Health disparities are reflected by indices such as excess mortality and morbidity and shorter life expectancy. Examining the Health Disparities Research Plan of the National Institutes of Health is an assessment of the National Institutes of Health (NIH) Strategic Research Plan and Budget to Reduce and Ultimately Eliminate Health Disparities. It focuses on practical solutions to remedy the state of the current health disparity crisis. The NIH has played the leading role in conducting extensive research on minority health and health disparities for more than two decades. Although additional research is critical to facilitating a better understanding of the overarching social, economic, educational, and environmental factors that predispose groups to specific diseases and conditions, there is also a great need to translate the existing and new information into best care practices. This means increasing communication with affected populations and their communities. Examining the Health Disparities Research Plan of the National Institutes of Health presents solutions to improving the health disparities nationwide and evaluates the NIH strategy plan designed to actively correct and combat the ongoing health disparities dilemma.

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321

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National Academies Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

0309101212

ISBN 13

9780309101219

NIH Extramural Center Programs

Criteria for Initiation and Evaluation

By: Institute of Medicine,Board on Health Sciences Policy,Committee for Assessment of NIH Centers of Excellence Programs

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NIH Extramural Center Programs

Criteria for Initiation and Evaluation

By: Institute of Medicine,Board on Health Sciences Policy,Committee for Assessment of NIH Centers of Excellence Programs

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233

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National Academies Press

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ISBN 10

0309091527

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9780309091527

Assessment of NIH Minority Research and Training Programs

Phase 3

By: National Research Council,Policy and Global Affairs,Board on Higher Education and Workforce,Oversight Committee for the Assessment of NIH Minority Research Training Programs,Committee for the Assessment of NIH Minority Research Training Programs

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Assessment of NIH Minority Research and Training Programs

Phase 3

This report provides an assessment of NIH's programs for increasing the participation in biomedical science of individuals from underrepresented minority groups. The report examines, using available data and the results of a survey of NIH trainees, the characteristics and outcomes of programs at the undergraduate, graduate, postdoctoral, and junior faculty levels. The report provides recommendations for improving these programs and their administration. It also recommends how NIH can improve the data it collects on trainees in all NIH research training programs so as to enhance training program evaluation.

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240

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National Academies Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

0309181259

ISBN 13

9780309181259

Assessment of the Sbir and Sttr Programs at the National Institutes of Health

By: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,National Academies Of Sciences Engineeri,Policy and Global Affairs,Board on Science, Technology, and Economic Policy,Board on Science Technology and Economic,Committee on the Assessment of the SBIR and STTR Programs at NIH

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Assessment of the Sbir and Sttr Programs at the National Institutes of Health

The National Institutes of Health (NIH) asked the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine to conduct a quadrennial review of its Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) and Small Business Technology Transfer (STTR) programs, in accordance with a legislative mandate. Using quantitative and qualitative analyses of data, this report reviews the operations and outcomes stemming from NIH's SBIR/STTR awards. Drawing on published research and conducting new analyses based on both publicly available data and applicant data provided by NIH, Assessment of the SBIR and STTR Programs at the National Institutes of Health analyzes (1) the effectiveness of NIH's processes and procedures for selecting SBIR and STTR awardees; (2) the effectiveness of NIH's outreach to increase SBIR and STTR applications from small businesses that are new to the programs, from underrepresented states, and from woman-owned and minority-owned businesses; (3) collaborations between small businesses and research institutions resulting from the programs; and (4) a range of direct economic and health care impacts attributable to the programs.

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270

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ISBN 10

0309271754

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9780309271752

The CTSA Program at NIH

Opportunities for Advancing Clinical and Translational Research

By: Institute of Medicine,Board on Health Sciences Policy,Committee to Review the Clinical and Translational Science Awards Program at the National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences

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The CTSA Program at NIH

Opportunities for Advancing Clinical and Translational Research

By: Institute of Medicine,Board on Health Sciences Policy,Committee to Review the Clinical and Translational Science Awards Program at the National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences

In 2006 the National Institutes of Health (NIH) established the Clinical and Translational Science Awards (CTSA) Program, recognizing the need for a new impetus to encourage clinical and translational research. At the time it was very difficult to translate basic and clinical research into clinical and community practice; making it difficult for individual patients and communities to receive its benefits. Since its creation the CTSA Program has expanded, with 61 sites spread across the nation's academic health centers and other institutions, hoping to provide catalysts and test beds for policies and practices that can benefit clinical and translation research organizations throughout the country. The NIH contracted with the Institute of Medicine (IOM) in 2012 to conduct a study to assess and provide recommendations on appropriateness of the CTSA Program's mission and strategic goals and whether changes were needed. The study was also address the implementation of the program by the National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS) while exploring the CTSA's contributions in the acceleration of the development of new therapeutics. A 13-member committee was established to head this task; the committee had collective expertise in community outreach and engagement, public health and health policy, bioethics, education and training, pharmaceutical research and development, program evaluation, clinical and biomedical research, and child health research. The CTSA Program at NIH: Opportunities for Advancing Clinical and Translational Research is the result of investigations into previous program evaluations and assessments, open-session meetings and conference class, and the review of scientific literature. Overall, the committee believes that the CTSA Program is significant to the advancement of clinical and translational research through its contributions. The Program would benefit from a variety of revisions, however, to make it more efficient and effective.

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179

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National Academies Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

0309284740

ISBN 13

9780309284745

Advancing the Nation's Health Needs

NIH Research Training Programs

By: National Research Council,Policy and Global Affairs,Board on Higher Education and Workforce,Committee for Monitoring the Nation's Changing Needs for Biomedical, Behavioral, and Clinical Personnel

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Advancing the Nation's Health Needs

NIH Research Training Programs

By: National Research Council,Policy and Global Affairs,Board on Higher Education and Workforce,Committee for Monitoring the Nation's Changing Needs for Biomedical, Behavioral, and Clinical Personnel

This report is the twelfth assessment of the National Institutes of Health National Research Service Awards program. The research training needs of the country in basic biomedical, clinical, and behavioral and social sciences are considered. Also included are the training needs of oral health, nursing, and health services research. The report has been broadly constructed to take into account the rapidly evolving national and international health care needs. The past and present are analyzed, and predictions with regard to future needs are presented.

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187

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National Academies Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

0309094275

ISBN 13

9780309094276

Evaluation of the Congressionally Directed Medical Research Programs Review Process

By: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Health and Medicine Division,Board on the Health of Select Populations,Committee on the Evaluation of Research Management by DoD Congressionally Directed Medical Research Programs (CDMRP)

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Evaluation of the Congressionally Directed Medical Research Programs Review Process

The medical research landscape in the United States is supported by a variety of organizations that spend billions of dollars in government and private funds each year to seek answers to complex medical and public health problems. The largest government funder is the National Institutes of Health (NIH), followed by the Department of Defense (DoD). Almost half of DoD's medical research funding is administered by the Congressionally Directed Medical Research Programs (CDMRP). The mission of CDMRP is to foster innovative approaches to medical research in response to the needs of its stakeholdersâ€"the U.S. military, their families, the American public, and Congress. CDMRP funds medical research to be performed by other government and nongovernmental organizations, but it does not conduct research itself. The major focus of CDMRP funded research is the improved prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of diseases, injuries, or conditions that affect service members and their families, and the general public. The hallmarks of CDMRP include reviewing applications for research funding using a two-tiered review process, and involving consumers throughout the process. Evaluation of the Congressionally Directed Medical Research Programs Review Process evaluates the CDMRP two-tiered peer review process, its coordination of research priorities with NIH and the Department of Veterans Affairs, and provides recommendations on how the process for reviewing and selecting studies can be improved.

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165

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National Academies Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

0309450012

ISBN 13

9780309450010

The Unequal Burden of Cancer

An Assessment of NIH Research and Programs for Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved

By: Committee on Cancer Research Among Minorities and the Medically Underserved,Institute of Medicine

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The Unequal Burden of Cancer

An Assessment of NIH Research and Programs for Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved

By: Committee on Cancer Research Among Minorities and the Medically Underserved,Institute of Medicine

We know more about cancer prevention, detection, and treatment than ever before--yet not all segments of the U.S. population have benefited to the fullest extent possible from these advances. Some ethnic minorities experience more cancer than the majority population, and poor people--no matter what their ethnicity--often lack access to adequate cancer care. This book provides an authoritative view of cancer as it is experienced by ethnic minorities and the medically underserved. It offers conclusions and recommendations in these areas: Defining and understanding special populations, and improving the collection of cancer-related data. Setting appropriate priorities for and increasing the effectiveness of specific National Institutes of Health (NIH) research programs, to ensure that special populations are represented in clinical trials. Disseminating research results to health professionals serving these populations, with sensitivity to the issues of cancer survivorship. The book provides background data on the nation's struggle against cancer, activities and expenditures of the NIH, and other relevant topics.

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353

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National Academies Press

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ISBN 10

0309514177

ISBN 13

9780309514170

An Assessment of the SBIR Program at the National Institutes of Health

By: National Research Council,Policy and Global Affairs,Committee for Capitalizing on Science, Technology, and Innovation: An Assessment of the Small Business Innovation Research Program

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An Assessment of the SBIR Program at the National Institutes of Health

By: National Research Council,Policy and Global Affairs,Committee for Capitalizing on Science, Technology, and Innovation: An Assessment of the Small Business Innovation Research Program

The SBIR program allocates 2.5 percent of 11 federal agencies' extramural R&D budgets to fund R&D projects by small businesses, providing approximately $2 billion annually in competitive awards. At the request of Congress the National Academies conducted a comprehensive study of how the SBIR program has stimulated technological innovation and used small businesses to meet federal research and development needs. Drawing substantially on new data collection, this book examines the SBIR program at the National Institutes of Health and makes recommendations for improvements. Separate reports will assess the SBIR program at DOD, NSF, DOE, and NASA, respectively, along with a comprehensive report on the entire program.

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456

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National Academies Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

0309109515

ISBN 13

9780309109512

Managing the NIH Bethesda Campus Capital Assets for Success in a Highly Competitive Global Biomedical Research Environment

By: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences,Board on Infrastructure and the Constructed Environment,Committee on Assessing the Capital Needs of the National Institutes of Health

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Managing the NIH Bethesda Campus Capital Assets for Success in a Highly Competitive Global Biomedical Research Environment

The National Institutes of Health (NIH) is the primary agency of the United States government responsible for biomedical and public health research. Founded in the late 1870s, NIH has produced extraordinary advances in the treatment of common and rare diseases and leads the world in biomedical research. It is a critical national resource that plays an important role in supporting national security. The 310-acre Bethesda campus supports some 20,000 employees and contractors, and it contains more than 12 million square feet of facilities divided amongst nearly 100 buildings, including the largest dedicated research hospital in the world. The Bethesda campus supports some of the most sophisticated and groundbreaking biomedical research in the world. However, while some new state-of-the-art buildings have been constructed in recent years, essential maintenance for many facilities and the campus overall has been consistently deferred for many years. The deteriorating condition of NIH's built environment is now putting its ability to fulfill its mission at substantial risk. Managing the NIH Bethesda Campus's Capital Assets for Success in a Highly Competitive Global Biomedical Research Environment identifies the facilities in greatest need of repair on the Bethesda campus and evaluates cost estimates to determine what investment is needed for the NIH to successfully accomplish its mission going forward.

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181

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National Academies Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

0309494362

ISBN 13

9780309494366

Examining the Health Disparities Research Plan of the National Institutes of Health

Unfinished Business

By: Institute of Medicine,Board on Health Sciences Policy,Committee on the Review and Assessment of the NIH's Strategic Research Plan and Budget to Reduce and Ultimately Eliminate Health Disparities

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Examining the Health Disparities Research Plan of the National Institutes of Health

Unfinished Business

By: Institute of Medicine,Board on Health Sciences Policy,Committee on the Review and Assessment of the NIH's Strategic Research Plan and Budget to Reduce and Ultimately Eliminate Health Disparities

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321

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National Academies Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

0309101212

ISBN 13

9780309101219

SBIR/STTR at the National Institutes of Health

By: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Policy and Global Affairs,Board on Science, Technology, and Economic Policy,Committee on Capitalizing on Science, Technology, and Innovation: An Assessment of the Small Business Innovation Research Program--Phase II

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SBIR/STTR at the National Institutes of Health

The Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) and Small Business Technology Transfer (STTR) programs provide federal research and development funding to small businesses. In 2008, the National Research Council completed a comprehensive assessment of the SBIR and STTR programs. The first-round study found that the programs were "sound in concept and effective in practice." Building on the outcomes from the Phase I study, this second phase examines both topics of general policy interest that emerged during the first phase and topics of specific interest to individual agencies, and provides a second snapshot to measure the program's progress against its legislative goals.

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