With its unique features (presented in nine chapters grouped into five major parts), Automated Fare Collection System And Urban Public Transit: An Economic & Management Approach To Urban Transit Systems provides a wealth of resourceful information to everyone with interest in mass transit: Part I: Public Transportation, Urban Economy And Automation in Fare Collection Part II: Models of Transportation Pricing Part III: Transportation Research Methods And Models Part IV: Approaches And Trends in Urban Transit Ridership Part V: Epilogue In these parts of the book, Clifford N. Opurum reveals the impact of the automated fare collection system on mass transit and particularly, on the New York City rail rapid transit system. Various effective urban public transportation pricing techniques are presented. Transportation research methods and models including the alogit model and different approaches to transportation research analysis are featured. Alternative scenarios of cost-benefit analysis (CBA) are used extensively along with other feasibility studies strategies to determine the economic and social benefits of the automated fare collection system. The author concludes that as in the case of other industrial sectors, the financial health of the transit industry is very much dependent upon the level of transit patronage, and that automation in fare collection has further encouraged the later. Furthermore, he added that automated fare collection (AFC) is preferred over the mechanical system of fare collection and will make positive impact on both transit ridership and revenue, if efficiently operated. Finally, he stressed that society would be better off financially if the benefits of automation in transit fare collection are fully utilized, and that automation in fare collection has indeed influenced the travel pattern of most mass transit patrons.
This spiritually-empowered book reveals the importance and power of fasting and prayer backed with faith in God. It is based on the authors spiritual experiences and observations within Christ-centered environment, and written under the influence of the Holy Ghost and with the wisdom, knowledge and understanding received from the Almighty God. Jesus said to his disciples: Howbeit, this kind goeth not out but by prayer and fasting (Matt 17:21). There is an increasing need for believers to have a closer relationship with God, given the ever increasing level of abominations and immoralities in this world. This book is meant to spiritually encourage believers to continue to intercede for the sick and the weak, the lost and the hopeless, and the unbelieving souls. Throughout the Scriptures, and indeed the history of humanity, true servants of God have fasted and prayed as they faced circumstances that were above and beyond human comprehension and capability, and as they were over-whelmed with trials and tribulations of this secular world. It is imperative that we find time for a quiet moment within our hearts to commune with God, and to have a dialogue with Him in our individual war rooms. This book will immensely help and encourage you in positioning yourself for a place in the Kingdom of God.
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