The first chapter of the book summarizes classical approaches, introduces the concept of ionicity, and describes the mixed iono-covalent character of the oxygen cation bond in bulk materials. The next three chapters focus on the characteristics of the atomic structure (relaxation, rumpling and reconstruction effects), the electronic structure (band width, gap width, etc.) and the excitations of clean surfaces.
Mount Pleasant has deep American roots going back to the Revolutionary War, when local tenant farmers filled the ranks of General Washingtons Continental army. For years, travel to New York City was difficult, until the arrival of the railroad in 1846 allowed easy transportation to lower Manhattan. In 1893, John D. Rockefeller Sr. began buying land in Pocantico and built his classic Georgian mansion. The massive Kensico Dam in Valhalla was completed in 1917 to satisfy the growing thirst of New York City. In 1927, Rose Hawthorne, the daughter of writer Nathaniel Hawthorne, completed the Rosary Hill Home to care for the unfortunate. The following year, Dewitt Wallace and his wife Lila moved to Pleasantville to launch the production of Readers Digest. Through photographs, Mount Pleasant remembers these historic moments.
The opening of the West after the Civil War drew a flood of Americans and immigrants to the frontier. Among the liveliest records of the westering of the 1870s is the series of prints collected for the first time in this book. Chronicling the West for Harper’s showcases 100 illustrations made for the weekly magazine by French artists Paul Frenzeny and Jules Tavernier on a cross-country assignment in 1873 and 1874. The pair—“Frenzeny & Tavernier,” as they signed their work—documented the newly accessible territories, their diverse inhabitants, and the changing frontier. Historian Claudine Chalmers focuses on the life and work of Frenzeny and Tavernier, who were accomplished and adventurous enough to succeed as “special artists,” the label Harper’s Weekly gave the illustrators it sent into the field. The job required imagination, courage, and adaptability, not to mention expert draftsmanship. Frenzeny, a skilled artist who accepted his adopted country’s many cultures, was also a superb horseman. Tavernier had been trained to work fast in a variety of media. Both men had the advantage of viewing America with fresh eyes. They began their artistic record in the East with An Emigrant Boarding-House in New York. Their journey ended in San Francisco, where they sketched the city’s bustling Chinatown and pastoral Marin County suburbs. Along with each illustration, the artists sent Harper’s a description; those captions are reproduced here. Frenzeny and Tavernier documented the frontier as it evolved. They depicted the hazards of travel and settlement, from fires to destitution, and presented disconcerting subject matter—such as the Sioux Sun Dance—in relentless detail. Their skill has made some of their drawings, among them The Strike in the Coal Mine, classics of American culture. With pencil and woodblock, Chalmers shows, these intrepid Frenchmen shaped public perceptions of the West for decades to come.
Throughout America cocktail parties sparkled defiantly through the dreaded first minutes of January 20, 1920. With morning would come the official start of Prohibition. It was easy, however, to keep the party going in Long Beach, California. Though Long Beach had been "dry" throughout most of its history, illegal liquor distribution throughout the city was already perfected by the time the 18th Amendment, banning the sale of most alcoholic beverages, became law. Already in place were underground booze operations, secretive speakeasies and bootlegging, the perfect staging ground for crime, corruption AND murder. READ ABOUT: Oil - The one discovery that made Long Beach different from the rest of 1920's and 30's America and would change the life of the city in many unforeseen ways. Good vs. Evil - Murders, gun battles, lawlessness ...the city was a battleground between the influences of good and evil. Involved in the battle was the Ku Klux Klan, Communists, rum runners, bootleggers, gangsters, and corrupt politicians. MEET: Hollywood celebrities William Desmond Taylor, Fatty Arbuckle and other well-known figures who ended up dead, or their careers ruined, because of rampant corruption and illicit booze. Gangsters such as Al Capone's henchman Ralph Sheldon, who gunned down Long Beach policeman William Waggoner, and got away with it. Bootleggers like Thomas Johnstone, murdered by his wife when he refused to give up his nefarious profession. Oil swindlers, many influenced by C.C. Julian and his Ponzi scheme that bilked thousands out of their life savings. Murderers such as Bluebeard Watson, who killed most of his 15 wives until one of them became suspicious. These are just a few of the individuals and matters discussed in this eye opening account of Long Beach and Southern California during the 1920's and 30's.
Flying was a perilous adventure, with death only a small breath away. Many lost their lives in pursuit of their dream and have remained relatively forgotten, until now. (italics until now) Aviation fever struck young and old alike, especially after the four Dominguez Air Meets held in Southern California between 1910-1913. It inspired many such as the Birnie and French brothers, Charles Day, and Glenn Martin to build their own air ships. For others like Frank Champion, Long Beachs first airman, it meant learning from the best---traveling to London, England, to study with Louis Bleriot, and going on to teach others, such as Long Beach Airport founder Earl Daugherty, to fly. There were also daring women: Tiny and Ethel Broadwick, who parachuted out of airplanes when many men refused to do so because they considered it too dangerous; Gladys ODonnell instrumental in founding the Womens Air Derby; World War II ferrying pilots, led by Barbara Erickson London, whose service to America was not recognized until 1977; Dianna Bixby and Joan Merriam Smith trying to complete Amelia Earharts dream of circumnavigating the globe. Soaring Skyward (italics for title) introduces remarkable men and women who embraced the dangers and challenges of flight. It also tells the story of the Long Beach Municipal Airport, the center of much of Southern Californias aviation history. The early days of ballooning, air circuses, parachute jumps, barnstorming, air meets, forgotten military sites and much more are all explored in this well documented look into the past, and future, of aviation in Southern California. After twenty years of extensive research, Ms. Burnetts book is sure to open up new sources of information for aviation and history enthusiasts, and most definitely shed additional light on the past.
Long Beach was one of the many Southern California cities that grew out of the railroad fare wars of the late 1880s. It was built by men and women who toiled to make it the great metropolis it is today. These are the tales of those who died or are buried in Long Beach. Some were illustrious in their time, others just common folk with interesting stories to tell. Politicians, city founders, visitors, influenza victims, Civil War veterans and accident victims are all discussed here, as well as the hospitals, doctors, undertakers and others who cared for the dead and dying. But what makes Long Beachs Sunnyside and Municipal cemeteries different from all others is the question of whether the bodies said to be there still remain. The cemetery wars of the 1920s erupted when oil was discovered on Signal Hill. Oil and other debris ran over the graves and the promised mausoleum that many had already paid for was cast aside in favor of black gold. People were angry, barricading themselves by the cemeteries gates to prevent oil rigs from getting to the mausoleum site. Slant drilling caused headstones and markers to sink into the ground, graves were covered by the run off debris from the oil fields above. Many bodies were moved, their headstones left behind, with haphazard records kept of where the corpses were relocated. It would take a 10 year court case to determine if the dead still had rights. In this book you will learn about the fascinating history of Long Beachs unique cemeteries, the stories of those said to be buried in them, and whether Long Beachs cities of the dead may be haunted by angry souls whose final abode did not allow them to rest in peace.
Learn about: • An opossum who enjoyed X-rated movies. • A canine thief with an appetite for eggs. • A man who lost out on $38,000 in valuable pearls because he liked his oysters cooked instead of raw. • Strange events and creatures off the California coast. • A recipe for Pius IV’s favorite dish — frog livers. • A statewide event where California school children were asked to kill as many ground squirrels as possible, verifying their kills by bringing the tails to school! These are but a few of the stories largely centered around Long Beach, California, which have appeared over the past 130 years. Most have remained forgotten, until now. How much is true and how much “tongue in cheek” I will leave up to the reader to decide. In any case, they are they are fun, humorous and sure to entertain.
Claudine Burnett has now written another book sure to be savored by those interested in Southern California history. Concentrating on a span of years covering the 1880's to 1920, Ms. Burnett has uncovered fascinating true stories of death and murder. Read about: - The bandit Sylvestro Morales who robbed and murdered his way through the Southland in 1889 and his capture at the Rancho Los Alamitos. - Violence and death amoung the Basque and Mexican sheepherders and sugar beet workers of Southern California. - Long Beach City Trustees hung in effigy and how their attempt to get rid of a local saloon in 1896 brought about the death of the city. - How the murder of a Long Beach policeman in 1912 led to additional tragedy and sorrow but also brought about the adoption of modern criminal investigation. - The kidnapping and torture of a Long Beah youth in 1916 by notorious, insane murderer Harry Thaw, whose killing of famed archtiect Stanford White made headlines around the world. Learn the origin of: - The towns of Long Beach and Los Alamitos - The Pacific Electric "Red Car" and jitney transport systems. - The Long Beach Municipal Band and Long Beach Police Department. Meet: - Lew-is the Light who believed he had a special delivery service to God. - "Whistling" Davis who refused to bury his dead daughter. - Cantankerous "Old Man" Ranous, killed and buried in a pile of manure. - W.L. Jennings, killed by a cat. - The spirits of murder victims who refused to rest. - Pete Labourdette, a notorious Los Alamitos saloon keeper, and the murders he worked to cover up. These are but a few examples from a book you won't want to put down until the very end.
A self-help manual for the potential high school dropout, discussing how to improve study skills, handle various school-related problems, and decide whether dropping out is the best solution.
Describing non-equilibrium "cold" plasmas through a chemical physics approach, this book uses the state-to-state plasma kinetics, which considers each internal state as a new species with its own cross sections. Extended atomic and molecular master equations are coupled with Boltzmann and Monte Carlo methods to solve the electron energy distribution function. Selected examples in different applied fields, such as microelectronics, fusion, and aerospace, are presented and discussed including the self-consistent kinetics in RF parallel plate reactors, the optimization of negative ion sources and the expansion of high enthalpy flows through nozzles of different geometries. The book will cover the main aspects of the state-to-state kinetic approach for the description of nonequilibrium cold plasmas, illustrating the more recent achievements in the development of kinetic models including the self-consistent coupling of master equations and Boltzmann equation for electron dynamics. To give a complete portrayal, the book will assess fundamental concepts and theoretical formulations, based on a unified methodological approach, and explore the insight in related scientific problems still opened for the research community.
Racial discrimination and unrest are intertwined with the history of Long Beach and Southern California in Ms. Burnett’s latest book. African Americans in Long Beach and Southern California begins in the 1800s and continues to 1970, reaching into later years to describe what that history has led to today. Ms. Burnett spent over five years researching recently digitized African American newspapers which has allowed her access to the black perspective on issues rarely written about in the white press or by other authors. Personal stories, legislation, Southland history and possible solutions to decades old problems are presented, making for an interesting and informative read. It is a unique work, sure to open the eyes of many.
The sixth edition of Rendez-vous offers a complete beginning college-level French program, as it leads students to explore the richness of the French language and Francophone cultures. Our aim has been to retain key features that were praised in our previous editions, while introducing a fully integrated and revised multimedia package. The overall goal of this new edition remains as always to provide students with the basic tools of vocabulary, grammar, and pronunciation, along with abundant and varied opportunities for practicing French in communicative and interactive contexts. Emphasizing French within a cultural context and as it is spoken in authentic, everyday situations, Rendez-vous strives to develop proficiency in the four skills of listening, speaking, reading, and writing, while introducing students to the richness and diversity of the French-speaking world.
In this intimate biography, readers learn not only about the close relationship of Helene and Simone de Beauvoir and their artistic influence on one another, but also about the jealousy, condescension and rivalry that plagued them.
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