Lipidomics is the study of the lipid molecules that are found in animal, plant, and bacterial cells. Recent research in this field has been driven by the development of sensitive new mass spectrometric tools and protocols, leading to the identification and quantification of thousands of lipids and their roles in metabolic processes. Designed for students of biochemistry, cell biology, pharmacology, nutrition, cosmetics, and medicine, Introduction to Lipidomics: From Bacteria to Man organizes the vast diversity of lipid molecules around simple analytical concepts, which are also understandable to students and readers from other scientific fields. It describes the structure, history, and function of lipids that play a key role in energy metabolism, cell signaling, and the formation of membranes of living cells. Each lipid section in the book contains a brief account of its discovery, biological functions, and possible pharmacological properties. An appendix is devoted to the chronology of lipid discoveries and associated techniques, supplemented by a bibliography of the major lipid groups and a review of lipid Web sites. The first comprehensive book on lipidomics, this long-awaited work inventories the huge variety of lipid molecules from animal, plant, and bacterial cells. It includes marine ecosystems, little-known structures from bibliographic data, cultural references, and context. A true text rather than just a catalog, it is highly informative and educational while simultaneously being anecdotal and interesting.
The role of lipids in nutrition science has evolved considerably in the past decade with new concepts following new discoveries. Lipids: Nutrition and Health reviews the role of dietary lipids in maintaining health, bringing the latest knowledge from a myriad of sources into one convenient resource. Taking a combined approach that integrates lipid
The role of lipids in nutrition science has evolved considerably in the past decade with new concepts following new discoveries. Lipids: Nutrition and Health reviews the role of dietary lipids in maintaining health, bringing the latest knowledge from a myriad of sources into one convenient resource. Taking a combined approach that integrates lipid nutrition with normal physiology and clinical applications, the book presents a detailed account of the nutritional aspects of all types of lipids—fatty acids, triacylglycerols, phospholipids, sphingolipids, sterols, and fat-soluble vitamins (A, D, E, K). The book introduces the biochemistry and sources of lipid compounds, followed by coverage of lipid requirements for a healthy state. Organized by lipid category, the text describes the role played by each lipid in various chronic diseases. It examines specific macronutrients and micronutrients, emphasizing their absorption, metabolism, and deficiency symptoms with respect to their roles in cardiovascular disease, cancer, metabolic diseases, inflammatory diseases, and various pathologies of the nervous system. Offering a broad overview of all aspects of lipids, from the fatty acids to the other forms of fats, the book provides an extensive and up-to-date survey of the impact of dietary lipids on various aspects of pathological situations. It provides the information needed to efficiently translate new research findings and clinical experiences into practical and personalized recommendations for preventing diseases and treating pathologies induced by poor dietary conditions.
This engaging account of Franklin's years in Paris and his numerous friendships and romantic conquests there draws on letters written to and from Franklin. Widely praised when it was first published more than twenty years ago, the book provides intriguing insights into eighteenth-century France and the life and the character of America's first ambassador.
Cohomology and homology modulo 2 helps the reader grasp more readily the basics of a major tool in algebraic topology. Compared to a more general approach to (co)homology this refreshing approach has many pedagogical advantages: 1. It leads more quickly to the essentials of the subject, 2. An absence of signs and orientation considerations simplifies the theory, 3. Computations and advanced applications can be presented at an earlier stage, 4. Simple geometrical interpretations of (co)chains. Mod 2 (co)homology was developed in the first quarter of the twentieth century as an alternative to integral homology, before both became particular cases of (co)homology with arbitrary coefficients. The first chapters of this book may serve as a basis for a graduate-level introductory course to (co)homology. Simplicial and singular mod 2 (co)homology are introduced, with their products and Steenrod squares, as well as equivariant cohomology. Classical applications include Brouwer's fixed point theorem, Poincaré duality, Borsuk-Ulam theorem, Hopf invariant, Smith theory, Kervaire invariant, etc. The cohomology of flag manifolds is treated in detail (without spectral sequences), including the relationship between Stiefel-Whitney classes and Schubert calculus. More recent developments are also covered, including topological complexity, face spaces, equivariant Morse theory, conjugation spaces, polygon spaces, amongst others. Each chapter ends with exercises, with some hints and answers at the end of the book.
The proceedings featured in this book grew out of a conference attended by 40 applied mathematicians and physicists which was held at the International Center for Research in Mathematics in Luminy, France, in May 1995. This volume reviews recent developments in the mathematical theory of water waves. The following aspects are considered: modeling of various wave systems, mathematical and numerical analysis of the full water wave problem (the Euler equations with a free surface) and of asymptotic models (Korteweg-de Vries, Boussinesq, Benjamin-Ono, Davey-Stewartson, Kadomtsev-Petviashvili, etc.), and existence and stability of solitary waves.
This comprehensive text focuses on mathematical and numerical techniques for the simulation of magnetohydrodynamic phenomena, with an emphasis laid on the magnetohydrodynamics of liquid metals, and on a prototypical industrial application. Aimed at research mathematicians, engineers, and physicists, as well as those working in industry, and starting from a good understanding of the physics at play, the approach is a highly mathematical one, based on the rigorous analysis of the equations at hand, and a solid numerical analysis to found the simulations. At each stage of the exposition, examples of numerical simulations are provided, first on academic test cases to illustrate the approach, next on benchmarks well documented in the professional literature, and finally, whenever possible, on real industrial cases.
Les substances lipidiques ont longtemps été négligées par les physiologistes, mais des recherches épidémiologiques les ont récemment portées sur le devant de la scène, notamment au travers de leur intérêt dans les domaines de la nutrition et surtout de la santé chez l’Homme. Outre leur importance énergétique, les lipides interviennent dans de nombreux mécanismes cellulaires dont les dérèglements peuvent conduire à des pathologies parfois graves. En effet, en plus de leur impact sur les maladies métaboliques, les systèmes cardiovasculaire et immunitaire et les processus de cancérisation, le système nerveux central peut lui aussi être altéré à des degrés divers par une carence ou un déséquilibre entre les constituants lipidiques ingérés. Après quelques rappels historiques sur la découverte des lipides et leur utilisation, une première partie décrit les principaux lipides présents dans notre ration alimentaire. Puis, les besoins avérés ou éventuels de l’Homme en divers acides gras, stérols et vitamines appartenant au groupe des lipides, sont passés en revue. Enfin, l’impact des principaux lipides sur des pathologies naguère encore peu explorées sous cet aspect est exposé en détail. Les lipides – Nutrition et santé présente, de façon synthétique, un très large panorama de toutes les facettes des lipides, des acides gras aux corps gras les moins abondants, mais tout aussi importants pour l’équilibre de notre organisme. Il permet aux spécialistes de revisiter les principales sources de lipides présentes dans notre alimentation en insistant sur leur production et leur composition. Cet ouvrage s’adresse aux chercheurs, médecins généralistes et spécialistes, diététiciens et étudiants évoluant dans de nombreux domaines tels que la biologie cellulaire, la nutrition ou encore la pharmacologie.
Based on a series of graduate lectures, this book provides an introduction to algebraic geometric methods in the theory of complex linear differential equations. Starting from basic notions in complex algebraic geometry, it develops some of the classical problems of linear differential equations. It ends with applications to recent research questions related to mirror symmetry. The fundamental tool used is that of a vector bundle with connection. The book includes complete proofs, and applications to recent research questions. Aimed at graduate students and researchers, the book assumes some familiarity with basic complex algebraic geometry.
This textbook offers a unique learning-by-doing introduction to the modern theory of partial differential equations. Through 65 fully solved problems, the book offers readers a fast but in-depth introduction to the field, covering advanced topics in microlocal analysis, including pseudo- and para-differential calculus, and the key classical equations, such as the Laplace, Schrödinger or Navier-Stokes equations. Essentially self-contained, the book begins with problems on the necessary tools from functional analysis, distributions, and the theory of functional spaces, and in each chapter the problems are preceded by a summary of the relevant results of the theory. Informed by the authors' extensive research experience and years of teaching, this book is for graduate students and researchers who wish to gain real working knowledge of the subject.
This book deals with the emerging generation of renewable energy technologies, covering solar energy (photovoltaic, thermal and thermodynamic energy conversion), wind energy, marine energy, small hydropower, geothermal energy, biofuels, biogas and the use of wood as a substitute for fossil fuels.
This research monograph is a detailed account with complete proofs of rational homotopy theory for general non-simply connected spaces, based on the minimal models introduced by Sullivan in his original seminal article. Much of the content consists of new results, including generalizations of known results in the simply connected case. The monograph also includes an expanded version of recently published results about the growth and structure of the rational homotopy groups of finite dimensional CW complexes, and concludes with a number of open questions.This monograph is a sequel to the book Rational Homotopy Theory [RHT], published by Springer in 2001, but is self-contained except only that some results from [RHT] are simply quoted without proof.
Lexical Semantics for Terminology: An introduction explores the interconnections between lexical semantics and terminology. More specifically, it shows how principles borrowed from lexico-semantic frameworks and methodologies derived from them can help understand terms and describe them in resources. It also explains how lexical analysis complements perspectives primarily focused on knowledge. Topics such as term identification, meaning, polysemy, relations between terms, and equivalence are discussed thoroughly and illustrated with examples taken from various fields of knowledge. This book is an indispensable companion for those who are interested in words and work with specialized terms, e.g. terminologists, translators, lexicographers, corpus linguists. A background in terminology or lexical semantics is not required since all notions are defined and explained. This book complements other textbooks on terminology that do not focus on lexical semantics per se.
Lipidomics is the study of the lipid molecules that are found in animal, plant, and bacterial cells. Recent research in this field has been driven by the development of sensitive new mass spectrometric tools and protocols, leading to the identification and quantification of thousands of lipids and their roles in metabolic processes. Designed for students of biochemistry, cell biology, pharmacology, nutrition, cosmetics, and medicine, Introduction to Lipidomics: From Bacteria to Man organizes the vast diversity of lipid molecules around simple analytical concepts, which are also understandable to students and readers from other scientific fields. It describes the structure, history, and function of lipids that play a key role in energy metabolism, cell signaling, and the formation of membranes of living cells. Each lipid section in the book contains a brief account of its discovery, biological functions, and possible pharmacological properties. An appendix is devoted to the chronology of lipid discoveries and associated techniques, supplemented by a bibliography of the major lipid groups and a review of lipid Web sites. The first comprehensive book on lipidomics, this long-awaited work inventories the huge variety of lipid molecules from animal, plant, and bacterial cells. It includes marine ecosystems, little-known structures from bibliographic data, cultural references, and context. A true text rather than just a catalog, it is highly informative and educational while simultaneously being anecdotal and interesting.
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