Presenting a wealth of new data on the interaction among T-cell subsets and cytokines, this book offers a fresh perspective on infectious diseases. It provides useful insights into the nature and treatment of helminthic and mycobacterial infections, with special emphasis on leprosy, leishmaniasis, malaria and trypanosomiasis. The outcome of the host response to infectious agent is seen as depending upon the T-cell subsets activated and the cytokines produced by them and other cells, such as macrophages, B cells and basophils. Experts contributions shed new light on how TH0 cells are preferentially activated and differentiated into TH1 or TH2 subsets; TH1 and TH2 cells and their cytokines induce both protective immune responses and adverse immune reactions to infectious agents; cytokines modulate the response of infectious diseases to chemotherapy; and cytokines, their receptors and antagonist, and anti-cytokine antibodies can be used in therapy. Those working in the fields of immunology, parasitology, microbiology and vaccine development particularly if they are interested in tropical diseases, will find the volume an invaluable source of information.
A textbook that approaches modern macroeconomics through its microeconomic foundations, with an emphasis on financial market connections and policy applications. The modern study and analysis of macroeconomics begins by considering how microeconomic units—consumers and firms—make decisions, and then investigates how these choices interact to yield economy-wide outcomes. This innovative textbook takes this “modern” approach, teaching macroeconomics through its microeconomic foundations. It does so by adopting the representative agent paradigm. By modeling the representative consumer and the representative firm, students will learn to describe macroeconomic outcomes and consider the effects of macroeconomic policies. Unique in its coverage of monopolistic competition, financial markets, and the interaction of fiscal and monetary policy, Modern Macroeconomics is suitable for use in intermediate undergraduate, advanced undergraduate, and graduate level courses. The book first introduces the building blocks of macroeconomics, the heart of which is the representative consumer. It goes on to offer a brief history of macroeconomic thought, including supply-side economics, the Phillips curve, and the New Keynesian framework. It then covers two policy applications, monetary policy and the interaction of monetary and fiscal policy; optimal policy analysis for both the flexible price and the rigid price case; long-run steady states, treating the Solow growth framework and the neoclassical growth model; a search-and-matching framework for the analysis of unemployment; and the application of the tools of modern macroeconomics to “open economy,” or international macroeconomics. End-of-chapter problem sets enable students to apply the concepts they have learned. A separate Solutions Manual will be available for students to purchase. Teaching materials, including complete solutions and slides, will be available to qualified instructors.
Congenital heart disease (CHD) is a problem with the structure and function of the heart that is present at birth and is the most common type of birth defect (PubMed Health). This comprehensive guide offers a step by step approach to the diagnosis and management of different types of CHD, at different stages of life. Beginning with an introduction to the development of the foetal cardiovascular system and genetic, the following section discusses the basics of heart examination, radiography and terminology. Each section progresses through different conditions and examines the transition of care into adulthood and long term issues facing adults with CHD. Key points Comprehensive, step by step guide to congenital heart disease (CHD) Covers diagnosis and management of CHD disorders at all stages of life Internationally recognised author and editor team Includes more than 1000 full colour images and illustrations
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