Christian Rumelhard's Books

The Atomic Components of Thought

By: John R. Anderson,Christian J. Lebiere

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The Atomic Components of Thought

By: John R. Anderson,Christian J. Lebiere

This book achieves a goal that was set 25 years ago when the HAM theory of human memory was published. This theory reflected one of a number of then-current efforts to create a theory of human cognition that met the twin goals of precision and complexity. Up until then the standard for precision had been the mathematical theories of the 1950s and 1960s. These theories took the form of precise models of specific experiments along with some informal, verbally-stated understanding of how they could be extended to new experiments. They seemed to fall far short of capturing the breadth and power of human cognition that was being demonstrated by the new experimental work in human cognition. The next 10 years saw two major efforts to address the problems of scope. In 1976, the ACT theory was first described and included a production rule system of procedural memory to complement HAM's declarative memory. This provided a computationally adequate system which was indeed capable of accounting for all sorts of cognition. In 1993, a new version of ACT--ACT-R--was published. This was an effort to summarize the theoretical progress made on skill acquisition in the intervening 10 years and to tune the subsymbolic level of ACT-R with the insights of the rational analysis of cognition. Although the appearance of generally-available, full-function code set off a series of events which was hardly planned, it resulted in this book. The catalyst for this was the emergence of a user community. Lebiere insisted that assembling a critical mass of users was essential to the ultimate success of the theory and that a physical gathering was the only way to achieve that goal. This resulted in the First Annual ACT-R Summer School and Workshop, held in 1994. In writing the book, the authors became seized by an aspiration that went beyond just describing the theory correctly. They decided to try to display what the theory could do by collecting together and describing some of its in-house applications. This book reflects decades of work in ACT-R accumulated by many researchers. The chapters are authored by the people that did that particular work. No doubt the reader will be impressed by the scope of the research and the quality of the individual work. Less apparent, but no less important, was the effort that everyone put into achieving the overall consistency and technical integrity of the book. This is the first work in cognitive science to precisely model such a wide range of phenomena with a single theory.

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Page Count

503

Publisher

Psychology Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

1317778316

ISBN 13

9781317778318

From Papyrus to Hypertext

Toward the Universal Digital Library

By: Christian Vandendorpe

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From Papyrus to Hypertext

Toward the Universal Digital Library

By: Christian Vandendorpe

Reflections and predictions of technology's effect on reading and writing

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Page Count

210

Publisher

University of Illinois Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

0252076257

ISBN 13

9780252076251

Predictions, Nonlinearities and Portfolio Choice

Applications of Artificial Neural Networks to German Market Indexes

By: Friedrich Christian Kruse

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Predictions, Nonlinearities and Portfolio Choice

Applications of Artificial Neural Networks to German Market Indexes

By: Friedrich Christian Kruse

Finance researchers and asset management practitioners put a lot of effort into the question of optimal asset allocation. With this respect, a lot of research has been conducted on portfolio decision making as well as quantitative modeling and prediction models. This study brings together three fields of research, which are usually analyzed in an isolated manner in the literature: - Predictability of asset returns and their covariance matrix - Optimal portfolio decision making - Nonlinear modeling, performed by artificial neural networks, and their impact on predictions as well as optimal portfolio construction Including predictability in asset allocation is the focus of this work and it pays special attention to issues related to nonlinearities. The contribution of this study to the portfolio choice literature is twofold. First, motivated by the evidence of linear predictability, the impact of nonlinear predictions on portfolio performances is analyzed. Predictions are empirically performed for an investor who invests in equities (represented by the DAX index), bonds (represented by the REXP index) and a risk-free rate. Second, a solution to the dynamic programming problem for intertemporal portfolio choice is presented. The method is based on functional approximations of the investor's value function with artificial neural networks. The method is easily capable of handling multiple state variables. Hence, the effect of adding predictive parameters to the state space is the focus of analysis as well as the impacts of estimation biases and the view of a Bayesian investor on intertemporal portfolio choice. One important empirical result shows that residual correlation among state variables have an impact on intertemporal portfolio decision making.

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Page Count

222

Publisher

BoD – Books on Demand

Published Date

ISBN 10

3844101853

ISBN 13

9783844101850

Computational Intelligence

A Methodological Introduction

By: Rudolf Kruse,Sanaz Mostaghim,Christian Borgelt,Christian Braune,Matthias Steinbrecher

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Computational Intelligence

A Methodological Introduction

By: Rudolf Kruse,Sanaz Mostaghim,Christian Borgelt,Christian Braune,Matthias Steinbrecher

This textbook provides a clear and logical introduction to the field, covering the fundamental concepts, algorithms and practical implementations behind efforts to develop systems that exhibit intelligent behavior in complex environments. This enhanced third edition has been fully revised and expanded with new content on deep learning, scalarization methods, large-scale optimization algorithms, and collective decision-making algorithms. Features: provides supplementary material at an associated website; contains numerous classroom-tested examples and definitions throughout the text; presents useful insights into all that is necessary for the successful application of computational intelligence methods; explains the theoretical background underpinning proposed solutions to common problems; discusses in great detail the classical areas of artificial neural networks, fuzzy systems and evolutionary algorithms; reviews the latest developments in the field, covering such topics as ant colony optimization and probabilistic graphical models.

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Page Count

629

Publisher

Springer Nature

Published Date

ISBN 10

3030422275

ISBN 13

9783030422271

Understanding Intelligence

By: Rolf Pfeifer,Christian Scheier

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Understanding Intelligence

By: Rolf Pfeifer,Christian Scheier

The book includes all the background material required to understand the principles underlying intelligence, as well as enough detailed information on intelligent robotics and simulated agents so readers can begin experiments and projects on their own. By the mid-1980s researchers from artificial intelligence, computer science, brain and cognitive science, and psychology realized that the idea of computers as intelligent machines was inappropriate. The brain does not run "programs"; it does something entirely different. But what? Evolutionary theory says that the brain has evolved not to do mathematical proofs but to control our behavior, to ensure our survival. Researchers now agree that intelligence always manifests itself in behavior—thus it is behavior that we must understand. An exciting new field has grown around the study of behavior-based intelligence, also known as embodied cognitive science, "new AI," and "behavior-based AI." This book provides a systematic introduction to this new way of thinking. After discussing concepts and approaches such as subsumption architecture, Braitenberg vehicles, evolutionary robotics, artificial life, self-organization, and learning, the authors derive a set of principles and a coherent framework for the study of naturally and artificially intelligent systems, or autonomous agents. This framework is based on a synthetic methodology whose goal is understanding by designing and building. The book includes all the background material required to understand the principles underlying intelligence, as well as enough detailed information on intelligent robotics and simulated agents so readers can begin experiments and projects on their own. The reader is guided through a series of case studies that illustrate the design principles of embodied cognitive science.

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724

Publisher

MIT Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

0262250799

ISBN 13

9780262250795

The Alignment Problem: Machine Learning and Human Values

By: Brian Christian

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The Alignment Problem: Machine Learning and Human Values

By: Brian Christian

A jaw-dropping exploration of everything that goes wrong when we build AI systems and the movement to fix them. Today’s “machine-learning” systems, trained by data, are so effective that we’ve invited them to see and hear for us—and to make decisions on our behalf. But alarm bells are ringing. Recent years have seen an eruption of concern as the field of machine learning advances. When the systems we attempt to teach will not, in the end, do what we want or what we expect, ethical and potentially existential risks emerge. Researchers call this the alignment problem. Systems cull résumés until, years later, we discover that they have inherent gender biases. Algorithms decide bail and parole—and appear to assess Black and White defendants differently. We can no longer assume that our mortgage application, or even our medical tests, will be seen by human eyes. And as autonomous vehicles share our streets, we are increasingly putting our lives in their hands. The mathematical and computational models driving these changes range in complexity from something that can fit on a spreadsheet to a complex system that might credibly be called “artificial intelligence.” They are steadily replacing both human judgment and explicitly programmed software. In best-selling author Brian Christian’s riveting account, we meet the alignment problem’s “first-responders,” and learn their ambitious plan to solve it before our hands are completely off the wheel. In a masterful blend of history and on-the ground reporting, Christian traces the explosive growth in the field of machine learning and surveys its current, sprawling frontier. Readers encounter a discipline finding its legs amid exhilarating and sometimes terrifying progress. Whether they—and we—succeed or fail in solving the alignment problem will be a defining human story. The Alignment Problem offers an unflinching reckoning with humanity’s biases and blind spots, our own unstated assumptions and often contradictory goals. A dazzlingly interdisciplinary work, it takes a hard look not only at our technology but at our culture—and finds a story by turns harrowing and hopeful.

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Page Count

459

Publisher

W. W. Norton & Company

Published Date

ISBN 10

039363583X

ISBN 13

9780393635836

Linear Models and Generalizations

Least Squares and Alternatives

By: C. Radhakrishna Rao,Helge Toutenburg,Shalabh,Christian Heumann

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Linear Models and Generalizations

Least Squares and Alternatives

By: C. Radhakrishna Rao,Helge Toutenburg,Shalabh,Christian Heumann

Revised and updated with the latest results, this Third Edition explores the theory and applications of linear models. The authors present a unified theory of inference from linear models and its generalizations with minimal assumptions. They not only use least squares theory, but also alternative methods of estimation and testing based on convex loss functions and general estimating equations. Highlights of coverage include sensitivity analysis and model selection, an analysis of incomplete data, an analysis of categorical data based on a unified presentation of generalized linear models, and an extensive appendix on matrix theory.

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583

Publisher

Springer Science & Business Media

Published Date

ISBN 10

3540742271

ISBN 13

9783540742272

Vowel Epenthesis in Loanword Adaptation

By: Christian Uffmann

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Vowel Epenthesis in Loanword Adaptation

By: Christian Uffmann

While it is commonly assumed that languages epenthesize context-free default vowels, this book shows that in loanword adaptation, several strategies are found which interact intricately. Large loanword corpora in Shona, Sranan, Samoan and Kinyarwanda are analyzed statistically, and the patterns are modeled in a version of Optimality Theory which introduces constraints on autosegmental representations. The focus of this book is on English loans in Shona, providing an in-depth empirical and formal analysis of epenthesis in this language. The analysis of additional languages allows for solid typological generalizations. In addition, a diachronic study of epenthesis in Sranan provides insight into how insertion patterns develop historically. In all languages analyzed, default epenthesis exists alongside vowel harmony and spreading from adjacent consonants. While different languages prefer different strategies, these strategies are subject to the same set of constraints, however. In spreading, feature markedness plays an important role alongside sonority. We suggest universal markedness scales which combine with constraints on autosegmental configurations to model the patterns found in individual languages and at the same time to constrain the range of possible crosslinguistic variation.

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258

Publisher

Walter de Gruyter

Published Date

ISBN 10

3110934825

ISBN 13

9783110934823

Industrial Image Processing

Visual Quality Control in Manufacturing

By: Christian Demant,Bernd Streicher-Abel,Carsten Garnica

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Industrial Image Processing

Visual Quality Control in Manufacturing

By: Christian Demant,Bernd Streicher-Abel,Carsten Garnica

This practical introduction focuses on how to design integrated solutions for industrial vision tasks from individual algorithms. The book is now available in a revised second edition that takes into account the current technological developments, including camera technology and color imaging processing. It gives a hands-on guide for setting up automated visual inspection systems using real-world examples and the NeuroCheck® standard software that has proven industrial strength integrated in thousands of applications in real-world production lines. Based on many years of experience in industry, the authors explain all the essential details encountered in the creation of vision system installations. With example material and a demo version of the software found on "extras.springer.com" readers can work their way through the described inspection tasks and carry out their own experiments.

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378

Publisher

Springer Science & Business Media

Published Date

ISBN 10

3642339050

ISBN 13

9783642339059

Spatial Cognition

An Interdisciplinary Approach to Representing and Processing Spatial Knowledge

By: Christian Freksa,Christopher Habel,Karl F. Wender

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Spatial Cognition

An Interdisciplinary Approach to Representing and Processing Spatial Knowledge

By: Christian Freksa,Christopher Habel,Karl F. Wender

This book constitutes the documentation of the results achieved within a proirity program on spatial cognition established by the German Science Foundation (DFG) in 1996 involving 13 research groups in Germany and leading scientists from abroad. The 22 revised full papers included were first presented during a colloquium in fall 1997 and then went through a second round of thorough reviewing. The book is organized into three parts on spatial knowledge acquisition and spatial memory, formal and linguistic models, and navigation in real and virtual worlds. All in all the book is a unique report on the state-of-the art in the interdisciplinary research field of spatial cognition and its potential applications.

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486

Publisher

Springer Science & Business Media

Published Date

ISBN 10

3540646035

ISBN 13

9783540646037

Vascular Biomechanics

Concepts, Models, and Applications

By: T. Christian Gasser

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Vascular Biomechanics

Concepts, Models, and Applications

By: T. Christian Gasser

This textbook serves as a modern introduction to vascular biomechanics and provides the comprehensive overview of the entire vascular system that is needed to run successful vascular biomechanics simulations. It aims to provide the reader with a holistic analysis of the vascular system towards its biomechanical description and includes numerous fully through-calculated examples. Various topics covered include vascular system descriptions, vascular exchange, blood vessel mechanics, vessel tissue characterization, blood flow mechanics, and vascular tissue growth and remodeling. This textbook is ideally suited for students and researchers studying and working in classical and computational vascular biomechanics. The book could also be of interest to developers of vascular devices and experts working with the regulatory approval of biomedical simulations. Follows the principle of “learning by doing” and provides numerous fully through-calculated examples for active learning, immediate recall, and self-examination; Provides a holistic understanding of vascular functioning and the integration of information from different disciplines to enable students to use sophisticated numerical methods to simulate the response of the vascular system; Includes several case studies that integrate the presented material. Case studies address problems, such as the biomechanical rupture risk assessment of Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms, Finite Element analysis of structural and blood flow problems, the computation of wall stress and wall shear stress in the aorta.

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Page Count

622

Publisher

Springer Nature

Published Date

ISBN 10

3030709663

ISBN 13

9783030709662

Book's by Christian Rumelhard

The Atomic Components of Thought

The Atomic Components of Thought

From Papyrus to Hypertext

From Papyrus to Hypertext

Predictions, Nonlinearities and Portfolio Choice

Predictions, Nonlinearities and Portfolio Choice

Computational Intelligence

Computational Intelligence

Understanding Intelligence

Understanding Intelligence

The Alignment Problem: Machine Learning and Human Values

The Alignment Problem: Machine Learning and Human Values

Linear Models and Generalizations

Linear Models and Generalizations

Vowel Epenthesis in Loanword Adaptation

Vowel Epenthesis in Loanword Adaptation

Industrial Image Processing

Industrial Image Processing

Spatial Cognition

Spatial Cognition

Vascular Biomechanics

Vascular Biomechanics

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