Designed for practitioners of organic synthesis, this book helps chemists understand and take advantage of rearrangement reactions to enhance the synthesis of useful chemical compounds. Provides ready access to the genesis, mechanisms, and synthetic utility of rearrangement reactions Emphasizes strategic synthetic planning and implementation Covers 20 different rearrangement reactions Includes applications for synthesizing compounds useful as natural products, medicinal compounds, functional materials, and physical organic chemistry
Heterogeneous Catalysis in Sustainable Synthesis is a practical guide to the use of solid catalysts in synthetic chemistry that focuses on environmentally benign applications. Collating essential information on solid catalysts into a single volume, it reveals how the efficient use of heterogeneous catalysts in synthetic chemistry can support sustainable applications. Beginning with a review of the fundamentals of heterogeneous catalytic synthesis, the book then explores the basic concepts of heterogeneous catalytic reactions from adsorption to catalyst poisons, the use of non-traditional activation methods, recommended solvents, the major types of both metal and non-metal solid catalysts, and applications of these catalysts in sustainable synthesis. Based on the extensive experience of its expert author, this book aims to encourage and support synthetic chemists in using solid catalysts in their own work, while also highlighting the important link between heterogeneous catalysis and sustainability to all those interested. - Combines foundational knowledge with a focus on practical applications - Organizes information by reaction type, allowing readers to easily find examples of how to carry out specific reaction types with solid catalysts - Highlights emerging areas such as nanoparticle catalysis and metal-organic framework (MOF) based catalysts
This work is a classic reference text for metallurgists, material scientists and crystallographers. The first edition was published in 1965. The first part of that edition was revised and re-published in 1975 and again in 1981. The present two-part set represents the eagerly awaited full revision by the author of his seminal work, now published as Parts I and II. Professor Christian was one of the founding fathers of materials science and highly respected worldwide. The new edition of his book deserves a place on the bookshelf of every materials science and engineering department. Suitable thermal and mechanical treatments will produce extensive rearrangements of the atoms in metals and alloys, and corresponding marked variations in physical and chemical properties. This book describes how such changes in the atomic configuration are effected, and discusses the associated kinetic and crystallographic features. It deals with areas such as lattice geometry, point defects, dislocations, stacking faults, grain and interphase boundaries, solid solutions, diffusion, etc. The first part covers the general theory while the second part is concerned with descriptions of specific types of transformations.
A comprehensive overview of fundamental concepts of asymmetric synthesis along with in-depth discussion. Recent developments that address important synthetic challenges are presented and highlighted with hundreds of examples.
This book empirically examines environmentally related behaviour and attitudes of firms and individuals. The main part of the book is on the investigation of energy and material efficiency increases in firms. It deals with the relation between energy and material efficiency innovations and firms’ process innovation strategies – an investigation which has not been addressed by studies until now. Moreover, the author also asks if entrepreneurs exhibiting pro-environmental attitudes are also more likely to envision energy and material savings in the future. Normally one should expect consistent results, because the use of both input factors can negatively affect the natural environment. The results, however, point to intriguing differences between energy and materials as input factors. The subsequent part of the book examines the level of the individual. In particular, it investigates the association between an individual's concerns about climate change and one's actions towards reducing the effects of climate change and intentions to pay for mitigating such effects. The author also contributes to the existing literature by investigating the role of economic factors that may serve as contextual factors influencing these relationships.
Wie die beiden Vorgängerbände (Organic Sytnhesis Workbook I und II) erklärt dieses Arbeitsbuch Prinzipien der organischen Synthesechemie an Beispielen aus modernen, erfolgreichen Naturstoffsynthesen. Übersichtlich strukturiert in Schlüsselreaktionen und Detailerläuterungen, hilft der mit zahlreichen Querverweisen ausgestattete Band bei der selbstständigen Lösung von Syntheseproblemen.
In most cases, every chemist must deal with solvent effects, whether voluntarily or otherwise. Since its publication, this has been the standard reference on all topics related to solvents and solvent effects in organic chemistry. Christian Reichardt provides reliable information on the subject, allowing chemists to understand and effectively use these phenomena. 3rd updated and enlarged edition of a classic 35% more contents excellent, proven concept includes current developments, such as ionic liquids indispensable in research and industry From the reviews of the second edition: "...This is an immensely useful book, and the source that I would turn to first when seeking virtually any information about solvent effects." —Organometallics
This book is a historical study of the Tajiks in Central Asia from the ancient times to the post-Soviet period. For millennia, these descendants of the original Aryan settlers were part of many different empires set up by Greek, Arab, Turkic and Russian invaders, as well as their own, most notably during the Middle Ages. The emergence of the modern state of Tajikistan began after 1917 under Soviet rule, and culminated in the promulgation of independence from the moribund USSR in 1991. In the subsequent civil war that raged between 1992 and 1997, Tajikistan came close to becoming a failed state. The legacy of that internal conflict remains critical to understanding politics in Tajikistan a generation later. Exploring the patterns of ethnic identity and the exigencies of state formation, the book argues that despite a strong sense of belonging underpinned by shared history, mythology and cultural traits, the Tajiks have not succeeded in forming a consolidated nation. The politics of the Russian colonial administration, the national-territorial delimitation under Stalin, and the Soviet strategy of socio-economic modernisation contributed to the preservation and reification of sub-ethnic cleavages and regional identities. The book demonstrates the impact of region-based elite clans on Tajikistan’s political trajectory in the twilight years of the Soviet era, and identifies objective and subjective factors that led to the civil war. It concludes with a survey of the process of national reconciliation after 1997, and the formal and informal political actors, including Islamist groups, who compete for influence in Tajik society. “Tajikistan: A Political and Social History is the best source of information on this important country in the English language. Drs Nourzhanov and Bleuer present a comprehensive yet detailed account of the past and prospects of this emerging nation, and have filled one of the major gaps in Central Asian scholarship. This book must be read by those who wish to grasp the vagaries of Central Asia’s evolving political and cultural landscapes.” Reuel Hanks, Professor of Geography, Oklahoma State University, and Editor of the Journal of Central Asian Studies. “If Tajikistan is known outside its region, it is often for the civil war that gravely damaged it. This volume authoritatively provides the longer perspective to the unsettling events of the 1990s and skilfully explains them in terms of history, social structure, and sub-state identities. In addition to highlighting a wealth of local factors, it is insightful on the ways in which antagonists can be transformed into broader ethnic and regional blocs. Kirill Nourzhanov and Christian Bleuer are erudite guides to an understudied part of Central Asia, while astutely instructing us about larger patterns of state-society relations and their impact on the logic of conflict.” James Piscatori, Professor of International Relations, Durham University.
This book systematically analyzes the economic dynamics of large emerging economies from an extended Comparative Capitalisms perspective. Coining the phrase ‘state-permeated capitalism’, the authors shift the focus of research from economic policy alone, towards the real world of corporate and state behaviour. On the basis of four empirical case studies (Brazil, India, China, South Africa), the main drivers for robust economic growth in these countries from the 2000s until the 2010s are revealed. These are found, in particular, in mutual institutional compatibilities of ‘state-permeated capitalism’, in their large domestic markets, and beneficial global economic constellations. Differences in their institutional arrangements are explored to explain why China and India have been more economically successful than Brazil and South Africa. The authors highlight substantial challenges for the stability of state-permeated capitalism and assess the potential future growth, sustainability and likely pitfalls for these large emerging economies. Opening further avenues for empirical and theoretical research, this book raises questions for the future of the global economic order and should appeal to academics, graduate students and advanced undergraduates in politics, economics, economic sociology and development studies. It should also prove a worthwhile and provocative read for development practitioners and policy-makers.
Provides an all-encompassing look at the history of Russia, Central Asia, and Mongolia Beginning with the breakup of the Mongol Empire in the mid-thirteenth century, Volume II of this comprehensive work covers the remarkable history of “Inner Eurasia,” from 1260 up to modern times, completing the story begun in Volume I. Volume II describes how agriculture spread through Inner Eurasia, providing the foundations for new agricultural states, including the Russian Empire. It focuses on the idea of “mobilization”—the distinctive ways in which elite groups mobilized resources from their populations, and how those methods were shaped by the region’s distinctive ecology, which differed greatly from that of “Outer Eurasia,” the southern half of Eurasia and the part of Eurasia most studied by historians. This work also examines how fossil fuels created a bonanza of energy that helped shape the history of the Communist world during much of the twentieth century. Filled with figures, maps, and tables to help give readers a fuller understanding of what has transpired over 750 years in this distinctive world region, A History of Russia, Central Asia and Mongolia: Volume II: Inner Eurasia from the Mongol Empire to Today, 1260-2000 is a magisterial but accessible account of this area’s past, that will offer readers new insights into the history of an often misunderstood part of the world. Situates the histories of Russia, Central Asia, and Mongolia within the larger narrative of world history Concentrates on the idea of Inner Eurasia as a coherent ecological and geographical zone Focuses on the powerful ways in which the region’s geography shaped its history Places great emphasis on how “mobilization” played a major part in the development of the regions Offers a distinctive interpretation of modernity that highlights the importance of fossil fuels Offers new ways of understanding the Soviet era A History of Russia, Central Asia and Mongolia: Volume II is an ideal book for general audiences and for use in undergraduate and graduate courses in world history. The Blackwell History of the World Series The goal of this ambitious series is to provide an accessible source of knowledge about the entire human past, for every curious person in every part of the world. It will comprise some two dozen volumes, of which some provide synoptic views of the history of particular regions while others consider the world as a whole during a particular period of time. The volumes are narrative in form, giving balanced attention to social and cultural history (in the broadest sense) as well as to institutional development and political change. Each provides a systematic account of a very large subject, but they are also both imaginative and interpretative. The Series is intended to be accessible to the widest possible readership, and the accessibility of its volumes is matched by the style of presentation and production.
Designed to be used as a companion to couple therapy, this book is based on a trailblazing study of over 1400 individuals. It presents over 75 techniques to help relationships thrive in the long-term and provides insights into the challenges faced by contemporary couples. Through in-depth interviews, this book takes pertinent questions from young couples and puts them to couples who have been together for decades. The time-tested secrets of thriving couples are presented in a new guise for a new generation. Capturing the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic, the study includes people from 52 countries and is the largest cross-sectional, multi-national study on long-term relationships to date. It highlights the dynamic and protective factors that lead to relationship longevity, as well as societal pressures, to guide therapists on how to manage these with their clients. The authors uncover how long-term relationships promote resilience, emotional, mental, and physical health, and protect against loneliness and harmful behaviours. Therapists and couples need to know what goes right in long-lasting relationships. Providing essential data and practical skills for psychologists, counsellors and other professionals, this book is a must-read for anyone working with couples to explore and understand what leads to resilient relationships in a harsh, complex world.
A unique "how-to" manual for the management of scientific laboratories This book presents a complete set of tools for the management of research and development laboratories and projects. With an emphasis on knowledge rather than profit as a measure of output and performance, the authors apply standard management principles and techniques to the needs of high-flux, open-ended, separately funded science and technology enterprises. They also propose the novel idea that failure, and incipient failure, is an important measure of an organization's potential. From the management of complex, round-the-clock, high-tech operations to strategies for long-term planning, Managing Science: Management for R&D Laboratories discusses how to build projects with the proper research and development, obtain and account for funding, and deal with rapidly changing technologies, facilities, and trends. The entire second part of the book is devoted to personnel issues and the impact of workplace behavior on the various functions of a knowledge-based organization. Drawing on four decades of involvement with the management of scientific laboratories, the authors thoroughly illustrate their philosophy with real-world examples from the physics field and provide tables and charts. Managers of scientific laboratories as well as scientists and engineers expecting to move into management will find Managing Science: Management for R&D Laboratories an invaluable practical guide.
A collection of international contributions presenting current knowledge of impact tectonics, geological and geophysical investigations of terrestrial impact structures, and suggested new impact structures, resulting from the IMPACT program.
Green chemistry has progressed from being a driver for change in the chemical and allied industries to being a critical part of chemical education at all levels. The future chemist must be able to practice their trade in the light of increasing concerns about waste and resources, the safety of chemicals in consumer products, and increasingly restrictive legislation. While there are green chemistry educational resources available including lectures and experiments as well as numerous books on green chemistry and major green chemical technologies, there is no "green equivalent" of a standard organic chemistry textbook Systematically covering a variety of well-known reactions that commonly feature in standard organic textbooks this book supplements and supports the standard organic chemistry texts. It highlights the main sustainability issues of classical and contemporary organic transformations and critically evaluates them within a metric of established Green Chemistry Principles noting where additional efforts are needed to improve their environmental footprint. Written by a team of expert authors with a multinational advisory board, this book is a fantastic resource for advanced undergraduate and postgraduate students worldwide.
From the Foreword written by Erick M. Carreira: "... The Organic Synthesis Workbook is an ideal compilation of state-of-the art modern syntheses which wonderfully showcases the latest advances in synthetic chemistry in combination with fundamentals in a question-and-answer format. The structure of the book is such that the reader can appreciate the intricacies of strategic planning, reagent tailoring, and structural analysis within the context of the individual synthetic targets. In providing highlights of synthesis from a wider range of natural products classes (alkaloids, terpenes, macrolides) the reader is given a tour through a broad range of reaction chemistry and concepts. Moreover, because in its scope the authors have ignored international borders, the book effectively parlays the global aspect of current research in the exciting field of organic synthesis... The Organic Synthesis Workbook promises to be to the current generation of graduate students, and even "students-for-life", what Ireland's and Alonso's books were to those of us who were graduate students in the 80's [Alsono: The Art of Problem Solving in Organic Chemistry, Ireland: Organic Synthesis]. The authors have wonderfully captured the thrill, the enjoyment, and the intellectual rigor that is so characteristic of modern synthetic organic chemistry.
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