The tetracyclic natural product ellipticine 1 (5,11-dimethyl-6H-pyrido[4,3-b]carbazole) was first isolated from the plant material of Ochrosia elliptica Labill in 1959. Woodward et al. reported the first synthesis of ellipticine later the same year, and this was followed by many different synthetic strategies in subsequent decades. Investigation of the biological activity of ellipticines uncovered potent anticancer properties, and several ellipticine derivatives have been the subject of clinical trials. The ellipticine family of compounds exert their biological activity via several modes of action, the most well-established of which are intercalation with DNA and topoisomerase II inhibition. In recent times, however, other modes of action have been discovered such as kinase inhibition, interaction with p53 transcription factor, biooxidation, and adduct formation. This opens up a new chapter in the bioactivity of the ellipticines and hence a comprehensive review of the synthesis and biology of ellipticines is timely. Early reviews of the synthesis of ellipticine were published by Sainsbury (1977), Hewlins et al. (1984), Gribble and Saulnier (1985), and Kansal et al. (1986). The biological activity of ellipticine has also been reviewed by Auclair (1987) and Garbett and Graves (2004). This review covers key features of the biological activity of ellipticine along with synthetic routes from 1986 onward.
Of Human Bondage, Jezebel, All About Eve, Whatever Happened to Baby Jane? Just this short list of Bette Davis' films gives an unmistakable sense of the role she played in twentieth-century cinema as one of the finest performers in Hollywood history. Drawing on an extensive series of conversations that took place during the last decade of Bette Davis' life, this biography draws heavily on the actresses own words. Looking back over the decades, from her teenage decision to become an actress to the pain and outrage over her daughter's bitter portrayal of her, Davis speaks with extraordinary candour. She explains how her father's abandonment of her a child reverberated through her four marriages, and discusses the persistent Hollywood legend that she was difficult to work with. Immersing readers in the drama and glamour of movie-making's golden age, The Girl Who Walked Home Alone is a startling portrait of an enduring icon.
Dependent on D.C. raises serious concerns about the future of liberty in America and proves beyond a doubt that the growth of dependence on government in the past seventy years has not been accidental, that its creation has been bipartisan, and that it is accelerating. Twight shows how growing federal power--driven by legislation, validated by Supreme Court decisions, and accelerated by presidential ambition--has eroded the rule of law in our nation, leaving almost no activity that the central government cannot at its discretion regulate, manipulate, or prohibit. Dependent on D.C. shows why Americans have not resistedthis expansion of federal power. In these uncertain times, Dependent on D.C. is the book Americans need to read when thinking about the future of their individual liberty.
In horses, frequent complications after colic surgery include the development of postoperative ileus or adhesion formation. Aetiologies discussed in animal models and human medicine includes an inflammatory response of the intestine to mechanical manipulation. Aim of this study was the characterisation of a possible inflammatory reaction in the equine jejunum and colon after intestinal manipulations as they may occur during colic surgery. The most obvious inflammatory response involved the neutrophilic granulocytes after manual emptying of the bowel, serosal, and mucosal irritation and was seen in the serosa. The eosinophilic response involved an increased accumulation and redistribution of the mucosa in the colon. Additionally, jejunal manipulations resulted in an increased eosinophilic infiltration of the colonic mucosa. The clinical effects of the observed reactions remains unclear at the moment but should be kept in mind when manipulating the equine intestine.
Thank you for visiting our website. Would you like to provide feedback on how we could improve your experience?
This site does not use any third party cookies with one exception — it uses cookies from Google to deliver its services and to analyze traffic.Learn More.