Sensitization is a concept of learning and memory that has grown out of experiments on "simple" animals. Interest in sensitization has grown tremendously in the last several years, fueled mainly by evidence of the molecular basis of sensitization in invertebrates on the one hand and the study of cocaine abuse, which produces behavioral sensitization, on the other. Because the rapid advance of information across such a broad range of research areas has made an integrated approach necessary, this volume combines findings on sensitization across the phylogenetic scale.
Maldon – A History is the story of Maldon, which is the second oldest town in Essex, from pre-historic times until the present day. It has information on Bronze and Iron Age Maldon, Roman Maldon , Anglo-Saxon Maldon including the Battle of Maldon, Medieval Maldon including the granting of the first charter of the borough in 1171 by King Henry 2, its monastic institutions, Maldon’s port and its involvement in wars, Maldon at the time of the reformation, its involvement in the civil war, its Parliamentary representation, the town in the 18th and early centuries including the building of the Chelmer and Blackwater Navigation, the dissolution and subsequent reinstatement of the town’s charter, the Napoleonic Wars, the building of the two railways to the town in the 19th century and their closure in the 20th century, the rise of municipal institutions in the 19th and 20th centuries, Maldon’s police force and abolition and subsuming into the Essex County Police force, industrial developments including its iron foundries and salt works, Maldon during the two world wars and the abolition of the borough in 1974. Also included is the parish of Heybridge which subsequently became a part of the borough as well as the hamlet of Beeleigh. It was researched using previously published works and contemporary documents.
This book is written to serve as a general reference for biologists and resource managers with relatively little statistical training. It focuses on both basic concepts and practical applications to provide professionals with the tools needed to assess monitoring methods that can detect trends in populations. It combines classical finite population sampling designs with population enumeration procedures in a unified approach for obtaining abundance estimates for species of interest. The statistical information is presented in practical, easy-to-understand terminology. - Presented in practical, easy-to-understand terminology - Serves as a general reference for biologists and resource managers - Provides the tools needed to detect trends in populations - Introduces a unified approach for obtaining abundance estimates
A definitive intellectual history of landscape urbanism It has become conventional to think of urbanism and landscape as opposing one another—or to think of landscape as merely providing temporary relief from urban life as shaped by buildings and infrastructure. But, driven in part by environmental concerns, landscape has recently emerged as a model and medium for the city, with some theorists arguing that landscape architects are the urbanists of our age. In Landscape as Urbanism, one of the field's pioneers presents a powerful case for rethinking the city through landscape. Charles Waldheim traces the roots of landscape as a form of urbanism from its origins in the Renaissance through the twentieth century. Growing out of progressive architectural culture and populist environmentalism, the concept was further informed by the nineteenth-century invention of landscape architecture as a "new art" charged with reconciling the design of the industrial city with its ecological and social conditions. In the late twentieth and early twenty-first centuries, as urban planning shifted from design to social science, and as urban design committed to neotraditional models of town planning, landscape urbanism emerged to fill a void at the heart of the contemporary urban project. Generously illustrated, Landscape as Urbanism examines works from around the world by designers ranging from Ludwig Hilberseimer, Andrea Branzi, and Frank Lloyd Wright to James Corner, Adriaan Geuze, and Michael Van Valkenburgh. The result is the definitive account of an emerging field that is likely to influence the design of cities for decades to come.
Bills of Rights and Decolonization analyzes the British Government's radical change in policy during the late 1950s on the use of bills of rights in colonial territories nearing independence. More broadly it explores the political dimensions of securing the protection of human rights at independence and the peaceful transfer of power through constitutional means. This book fills a major gap in the literature on British and Commonwealth law, history, and politics by documenting how bills of rights became commonplace in Britain's former overseas territories. It provides a detailed empirical account of the origins of the bills of rights in Britain's former colonial territories in Africa, the West Indies and South East Asia as well as in the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans. It sheds light on the development of legal systems at the point of gaining independence and raises questions about the colonial influence on the British legal establishment's change in attitude towards bills of rights in the late twentieth century. It presents an alternative perspective on the end of Empire by focusing upon one aspect of constitutional decolonization and the importance of the local legal culture in determining each dependency's constitutional settlement and provides a series of empirical case studies on the incorporation of human rights instruments into domestic constitutions when negotiated between a state and its dependencies. More generally this book highlights Britain's human rights legacy to its former Empire, and traces the genesis of the bills of rights of over thirty nations from the Commonwealth.
Winner of the 2010 Spur Award for Best Contemporary Nonfiction from Western Writers of America The Mexican Revolution could not have succeeded without the use of American territory as a secret base of operations, a source of munitions, money, and volunteers, a refuge for personnel, an arena for propaganda, and a market for revolutionary loot. El Paso, the largest and most important American city on the Mexican border during this time, was the scene of many clandestine operations as American businesses and the U.S. federal government sought to maintain their influences in Mexico and protect national interest while keeping an eye on key Revolutionary figures. In addition, the city served as refuge to a cast of characters that included revolutionists, adventurers, smugglers, gunrunners, counterfeiters, propagandists, secret agents, double agents, criminals, and confidence men. Using 80,000 pages of previously classified FBI documents on the Mexican Revolution and hundreds of Mexican secret agent reports from El Paso and Ciudad Juarez in the Mexican Ministry of Foreign Relations archive, Charles Harris and Louis Sadler examine the mechanics of rebellion in a town where factional loyalty was fragile and treachery was elevated to an art form. As a case study, this slice of El Paso's, and America's, history adds new dimensions to what is known about the Mexican Revolution.
This book presents a theory of political disalignment and a revised theory of party realignment, using four case studies from the United States, Canada, Great Britain, and Italy to illustrate these concepts. Why do major political parties die? The shelf life of minor parties in democracies tends to be short, but major parties tend to be highly durable. The Democratic Party of the United States and the Conservative Party of the United Kingdom have been going strong for two centuries. Major parties perpetuate themselves by maintaining a consistent ideology on major national issues, even at the cost of periodic defeats at the polls. In American politics, ideological polarization maintains the vitality of the two major parties and renders them almost immune to threats from new parties, even as it impedes consensus and compromise on public issues. Spectacular instances of sudden death in major parties have nevertheless occurred in the United States, the United Kingdom, Canada, and Italy, and they all exhibit similar characteristics. The fatal event—which author Charles S. Mack calls "disalignment"—occurs when a schism opens between party leaders and traditional core-base voters on an issue of overriding national importance. Major parties survive periodic defeats, but they cannot survive disalignment.
A comprehensive history of three British railway lines,“nicely illustrated [and] impressively informative” (Midwest Book Review). This is the history of the Great Eastern Railway’s lines from Shenfield to Southend, Wickford to Southminster, and Woodham Ferrers to Maldon, including their ancestor. It is the only comprehensive history of all three lines and was researched using both previously published and unpublished material. The history covers not only the history of the lines in question but also a sample of services from the opening of them to the present day, the motive power that was and is used on them, and a topographical description of them. The book is ideal not only for railway enthusiasts but for those interested in the local history of the area served by the Great Eastern Railway.
The Thomas D’Arcy McGee assassination shocked the world more than a hundred and forty-five years ago, in the first year of Canada’s Confederation. McGee was shot through the back of the neck with a Smith & Wesson revolver, at his boarding house door on Sparks Street in Ottawa, having just returned from a late night sitting of the House of Commons around two thirty in the morning, on April 7, 1868. The man who was hanged for the murder claimed he was not the triggerman, although therewas a strong case against himand he admitted to being present. Now it seems he may have been telling the truth. The author of the most recent book on the killing has discovered persuasive evidence of a conspiracy involving American and Canadian Fenians, and he believes there was a hit man and an enforcer, typical of most Fenian assassinations. That book, Understanding the Thomas D’Arcy McGee Assassination, A Legal and Historical Analysis, by Charles MacNab, Q. C., presents a series of interesting, related, well documented lectures that build on each other to pass understanding of theMcGee assassination. Readers can follow McGee in his early Young Ireland days as a young poet, writer, journalist, moderate political leader and fearless patriot; learn of his secret mission to Scotland and northern Ireland at the time of the Irish Rebellion of 1848, and of his providential escape to America; appreciate his mistrust of the militant extremists who had assumed the NewYork Irish leadership during the summer of 1848, and McGee’s own remarkable leadership mission after reaching America, through his Catholic weekly newspaper, the New York Nation; learn the truth aboutMcGee’s divided loyalties to Ireland and Canada, as a Member of the Canadian Parliament and a Cabinet Minister, and his decision to do what he described as his painful duty to oppose the Fenians after 1861 when they began targeting Canada as part of their strategy to obtain Irish independence fromBritain, asMcGee still believed Ireland was being cruellymisgoverned; explore an expanded record and enjoy an analysis that supports the conclusion that theMcGee assassination resulted from a Fenian ordered hit fromNewYork. It is rather odd history. Irish American militants were conducting terrorism from American soil to obtain Irish independence from England in the name of radical republicanism, targeting Britain and Canada with hostage takings, dynamite explosions, and assassinations, including the ugly killing of Thomas D’Arcy McGee. The Canadian Government received a report of the conspiracy behind the McGee assassination fourteen years after the murder. It included signed affidavits fromtwoAmericanswho had participated, and bothmen were prepared to testify in any legal process provided they were granted immunity from prosecution themselves. John A.Macdonald, who was Justice Minister and Prime Minister at the time of the murder, believed that there had been a conspiracy, but he had been unable to persuade the Ontario Premier, Sandfield Macdonald, to authorize a Commission of Inquiry. There were a number of individuals who were charged at the time as accessories, but those prosecutions failed for lack of evidence. Previouswriters have been unable to conclude the assassination was the result of a conspiracy involving the American Fenians, but that is where the freshly discovered evidence leads. There is nothing to indicate John A. Macdonald (who was again Prime Minister in 1882) did anything with that later report, and so it is conceivable that Macdonald decided not to pursue the matter further. Much time had elapsed, and that hanging had already brought closure to a national tragedy. John A. Macdonald’s former law partner, Sir Alexander Campbell, who had been in the Canadian Cabinet at the time of the McGee assassination, is the one who provided that report directly to Macdonald about their “poor friend” McGee. It is a little ironic that it would be Campbell, for Campbell and McGee were never best friends, although they had been Cabinet colleagues, and had sat on the Committee of the Privy Council together before Confederation. Campbell liked to ridicule McGee privately,which probably explains why McGee had let it be known, in the summer of 1867, that Macdonald had offered him Campbell’s position in the Cabinet. Earlier in the year McGee and Charles Tupper had agreed to step aside for an Irish Catholic Senator from Nova Scotia, Edward Kenny, to enable Macdonald to form Canada’s first Government.
From the commanding call of the bugle at reveille to combat instructions (such as "fix bayonets") to reassuring songs around the campfire at night, music was an integral part of the Civil War soldier's experience. This volume presents the Civil War writings of Charles, Herbert, Jeremiah and Osman George, four brothers from the town of Newbury, Vermont, who played in the 10th Vermont Infantry regimental band. Their letters and a diary describe the life of an enlisted musician, including forming a band, rehearsals and repertory, performances for officers, troops, and civilians--and battlefield stretcher-bearer duties. Despite the hardships they suffered, including the loss of one brother, their writings (supported by detailed scene-setting narratives by editor Davis) reveal the Georges' fraternal bond that sustained them emotionally and ensured they would continue to serve their comrades in battle.
Belfoure's sly, roguish writing opens a window to those living both gilded and tarnished lives... Best of all, Belfoure holds together each and every thread of the novel, resulting in a most memorable, evocative read."—Publishers Weekly, STARRED Review Gangs of New York meets The Age of Innocence as a society architect in 1880s Manhattan is forced to join a gritty crime ring—from the author of the New York Times bestselling The Paris Architect! The Debt Must Be Repaid — or Else In 1886 New York, a respectable architect shouldn't have any connection to the notorious gang of thieves and killers that rules the underbelly of the city. But when John Cross's son racks up an unfathomable gambling debt to Kent's Gents, Cross must pay it back himself. All he has to do is use his inside knowledge of high society mansions and museums to craft a robbery even the smartest detectives won't solve. The take better include some cash too —the bigger the payout, the faster this will be over. With a newfound talent for sniffing out vulnerable and lucrative targets, Cross becomes invaluable to the gang. But Cross's entire life has become a balancing act, and it will only take one mistake for it all to come crashing down —and for his family to go down too.
The inside story of one of the world?s most powerful financial Institutions Now with a new foreword and final chapter, The Partnership chronicles the most important periods in Goldman Sachs?s history and the individuals who built one of the world?s largest investment banks. Charles D. Ellis, who worked as a strategy consultant to Goldman Sachs for more than thirty years, reveals the secrets behind the firm?s continued success through many life-threatening changes. Disgraced and nearly destroyed in 1929, Goldman Sachs limped along as a break-even operation through the Depression and WWII. But with only one special service and one improbable banker, it began the stage-by-stage rise that took the firm to global leadership, even in the face of the world-wide credit crisis.
The Jameson Raid was a pivotal moment in the history of South Africa, linking events from the Anglo-Boer War to the declaration of the Union of South Africa in 1910. For more than a century, the failed revolution has been interpreted through the lens of British imperialism, with responsibility laid at the feet of Cecil Rhodes. Yet, the raid was less a serious attempt to overthrow a Boer government than a wild adventure with transnational roots in American filibustering. In The Cowboy Capitalist, renowned South African historian Charles van Onselen challenges a historiography of over 120 years, locating the raid in American rather than British history and forcing us to rethink the histories of at least three nations. Through a close look at the little-remembered figure of John Hays Hammond, a confidant of both Rhodes and Jameson, he discovers the American Old West on the South African Highveld. This radical reinterpretation challenges the commonly held belief that the Jameson Raid was quintessentially British and, in doing so, drives splinters into our understanding of events as far forward as South Africa’s critical 1948 general election, with which the foundations of Grand Apartheid were laid.
This will help us customize your experience to showcase the most relevant content to your age group
Please select from below
Login
Not registered?
Sign up
Already registered?
Success – Your message will goes here
We'd love to hear from you!
Thank you for visiting our website. Would you like to provide feedback on how we could improve your experience?
This site does not use any third party cookies with one exception — it uses cookies from Google to deliver its services and to analyze traffic.Learn More.