Explanations identify causes, back up claims and justify actions. Social scientists study them because they reveal how people understand and construct their worlds. This stimulating book offers a critical review of the major approaches to the study of everyday explaining and arguing. Using concrete examples to illuminate the range of contemporary approaches, Antaki's concern is to test theory against practice. He draws a picture of explanation as a richly social achievement of speaker and audience, involving a balance between delicate manoeuvre and the exercise of discursive power.
The ABC News correspondent’s riveting chronicle of his journey through the Middle East—and being held hostage by pro-Iranian terrorists in Beirut. A New York Times Notable Book—with an introduction by the author. On June 18, 1987, Charles Glass was kidnapped by pro-Iranian terrorists in a Shiite Muslim suburb of Beirut and held for sixty-two days. His daring escape on August 18, 1987, made headlines worldwide. But Glass never forgot the reason he was in Lebanon or abandoned the idea of a book capturing the splendid vitality and diversity of life in the Middle East. Tribes with Flags is the book Glass always meant it to be: A chronicle of his journey from the southern Turkish coast, around the bay of Alexandretta, and through Syria, Jordan, and Lebanon. Glass visited farms, slums, and refugee camps as well as royal friends in feudal palaces, capturing the entire spectrum of Levantine life. The journey ends with a gripping account of Glass’s kidnapping in Beirut—an intimate portrayal of life as a hostage—and his successful flight to freedom. “A literary and spiritual ramble through the countries of the Levant . . . Glass’s account of two months’ captivity and his escape bring to an exciting conclusion this engrossing, informative, unusual travel book.” —Publishers Weekly
Encoding Bioethics addresses important ethical concerns from the perspective of each of the stakeholders who will develop, deploy, and use artificial intelligence systems to support clinical decisions. Utilizing an applied ethical model of patient-centered care, this book considers the viewpoints of programmers, health system and health insurance leaders, clinicians, and patients when AI is used in clinical decision-making. The authors build on their respective experiences as a surgeon-bioethicist and a surgeon-AI developer to give the reader an accessible account of the relevant ethical considerations raised when AI systems are introduced into the physician-patient relationship.
In this witty and provocative study of democracy and its critics, Charles Willard debunks liberalism, arguing that its exaggerated ideals of authenticity, unity, and community have deflected attention from the pervasive incompetence of "the rule of experts." He proposes a ground of communication that emphasizes common interests rather than narrow disputes. The problem of "unity" and the public sphere has driven a wedge between libertarians and communitarians. To mediate this conflict, Willard advocates a shift from the discourse of liberalism to that of epistemics. As a means of organizing the ebb and flow of consensus, epistemics regards democracy as a family of knowledge problems—as ways of managing discourse across differences and protecting multiple views. Building a bridge between warring peoples and warring paradigms, this book also reminds those who presume to instruct government that they are obliged to enlighten it, and that to do so requires an enlightened public discourse.
This textbook is intended for undergraduate students (juniors or seniors) in Biomedical Engineering, with the main goal of helping these students learn about classical control theory and its application in physiological systems. In addition, students should be able to apply the Laboratory Virtual Instrumentation Engineering Workbench (LabVIEW) Controls and Simulation Modules to mammalian physiology. The first four chapters review previous work on differential equations for electrical and mechanical systems. Chapters 5 through 8 present the general types and characteristics of feedback control systems and foot locus, frequency response, and analysis of stability and margins. Chapters 9 through 12 cover basic LabVIEW programming, the control module with its pallets, and the simulation module with its pallets. Chapters 13 through 17 present various physiological models with several LabVIEW control analyses. These chapters cover control of the heart (heart rate, stroke volume, and cardiac output), the vestibular system and its role in governing equilibrium and perceived orientation, vestibulo-ocular reflex in stabilizing an image on the surface of the retina during head movement, mechanical control models of human gait (walking movement), and the respiratory control model. The latter chapters (Chapters 13-17) combine details from my class lecture notes in regard to the application of LabVIEW control programming by the class to produce the control virtual instruments and graphical displays (root locus, Bode plots, and Nyquist plot). This textbook was developed in cooperation with National Instruments personnel. Table of Contents: Electrical System Equations / Mechanical Translation Systems / Mechanical Rotational Systems / Thermal Systems and Systems Representation / Characteristics and Types of Feedback Control Systems / Root Locus / Frequency Response Analysis / Stability and Margins / Introduction to LabVIEW / Control Design in LabVIEW / Simulation in LabVIEW / LabVIEW Control Design and Simulation Exercise / Cardiac Control / Vestibular Control System / Vestibulo-Ocular Control System / Gait and Stance Control System / Respiratory Control System
Establishes a theoretical context for, and to elaborate the implications of, the claim that argument is a form of interaction in which two or more people maintain what they construe to be incompatible positions The thesis of this book is that argument is not a kind of logic but a kind of communication—conversation based on disagreement. Claims about the epistemic and political effects of argument get their authority not from logic but from their “fit with the facts” about how communication works. A Theory of Communication thus offers a picture of communication—distilled from elements of symbolic interactionism, personal construct theory, constructivism, and Barbara O’Keefe’s provocative thinking about logics of message design. The picture of argument that emerges from this tapestry is startling, for it forces revisions in thinking about knowledge, rationality, freedom, fallacies, and the structure and content of the argumentation discipline.
Explanations identify causes, back up claims and justify actions. Social scientists study them because they reveal how people understand and construct their worlds. This stimulating book offers a critical review of the major approaches to the study of everyday explaining and arguing. Using concrete examples to illuminate the range of contemporary approaches, Antaki's concern is to test theory against practice. He draws a picture of explanation as a richly social achievement of speaker and audience, involving a balance between delicate manoeuvre and the exercise of discursive power.
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