English lexicography and linguistics have always shared close ties, yet the potential of cognitive linguistics for lexicography has only been hesitantly acknowledged in the literature. This is what cognitive lexicography attempts to change by using insights gained in cognitive semantic research for the development of new dictionary features. After a short survey of the history and practice of English monolingual learner lexicography, as well as an outline of the relationship between linguistics and lexicography, three new dictionary features are developed. They cover three different cognitive semantic theories as well as three different parts of the monolingual dictionary entry, each time for a new set of lexemes. Frame semantics, conceptual metaphor theory, as well as cognitive conceptions of polysemy, are used to create a new example section for agentive nouns, a new defining structure for emotion terms and a new microstructural arrangement for particle entries. Dictionary analyses on all, as well as user studies on two of the features, complement these suggestions. The monograph thus presents a new approach to lexicography that incorporates into its description of lexical items how humans perceive and conceptualise language.
The monograph describes the embryonic development of the arteries of a primitive mammal, the tree-shrew Tupaia belangeri, explains the variability among other mammals on the basis of a common developmental pattern, and establishes reliable criteria for the comparison of data published in the literature. Some abnormalities of the arterial system of adult individuals can be interpreted as retentions of a state that normally occurs only during early embryology. Since, for example, the teratogen thalidomide primarily affects the anlagen of the blood vessels and only secondarily the development of the complete limb, it is impossible to understand the normal development of limbs as as well as limb malformations without considering the morphogenesis of their blood vessels.
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