C. Irwin's Books

Defining the Government’s Debt and Deficit

By: Mr.Timothy C Irwin

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Defining the Government’s Debt and Deficit

By: Mr.Timothy C Irwin

Although the budget deficit and the public debt feature prominently in political debate and economic research, there is no agreement about how they should be measured. They can be defined for different sets of public institutions, including the nested sets corresponding to central government, general government, and the public sector, and, for any definition of government, there are many measures of the debt and deficit, including those generated by four kinds of accounts (cash, financial, full accrual, and comprehensive), which can be derived from four nested sets of assets and liabilities. Each debt and deficit measure says something about public finances, but none tells the whole story. Each is also vulnerable to manipulation, and is likely to be manipulated if it is subject to a binding fiscal rule or target. Narrow definitions of government encourage the shifting of spending to entities outside the defined perimeter of government. Narrow definitions of debt and deficit encourage operations involving off-balance-sheets assets and liabilities, while broad measures are susceptible to the mismeasurement of on-balance-sheet assets and liabilities. Reviewing the literature on these issues, the paper concludes that governments should publish several measures of the debt and deficit in a form that clearly reveals their interrelationships.

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International Monetary Fund

Published Date

ISBN 10

1513537822

ISBN 13

9781513537825

Defining the Government’s Debt and Deficit

By: Mr.Timothy C Irwin

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Defining the Government’s Debt and Deficit

By: Mr.Timothy C Irwin

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International Monetary Fund

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ISBN 10

1475555458

ISBN 13

9781475555455

Global AIDS

Myths and Facts : Tools for Fighting the AIDS Pandemic

By: Alexander C. Irwin,Joyce V. Millen,Dorothy Fallows

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Global AIDS

Myths and Facts : Tools for Fighting the AIDS Pandemic

By: Alexander C. Irwin,Joyce V. Millen,Dorothy Fallows

AIDS is the most devastating communicable disease in history, and poor countries have been most severely impacted by the pandemic. Since the mid-1990s, the use of antiretroviral drug therapies has dramatically extended life expectancy and improved life quality for those with HIV/AIDS who can afford the costly treatments. Yet even as it raises new hope, this medical advance has intensified ethical and political questions about AIDS. Antiretroviral use by those with money and access throws the contrasting outcomes among AIDS sufferers throughout the world into high relief. It has also revealed what many people with AIDS have known all along: the disease is not only propagated by the virus, but by racism, entrenched poverty, structural inequality, and the legacy of colonial domination and exploitation.Global AIDS: Myths and Facts aims to present the facts about HIV/AIDS, and empower people for informed, active participation in the global struggle against this plague. To mobilize the energy, commitment, and resources required for the fight, Irwin and Millen tackle 10 destructive myths that hamper implementation of effective and equitable anti-HIV/AIDS programs.World leaders like Kofi Annan have announced treatment and prevention initiatives that are opening new possibilities. But the authors argue that only sustained political pressure from the grassrootsâ__forging links across national boundaries; professional and social categories; and racial, ethnic, and religious identitiesâ__will halt the pandemicâ__s spread.

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Page Count

308

Publisher

South End Press

Published Date

ISBN 10

0896086739

ISBN 13

9780896086739

A Different Way Back

By: James C. Irwin

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A Different Way Back

By: James C. Irwin

Arnie Larsen was the answer to Barbara Andersen's prayers, or so she thought. Incredibly wealthy, handsome, charismatic. But she learns that he is an industrial espionage agent and a killer planing to use her as his source, and she is met with near disaster when he learns that she has bilked him "the last sound you hear will be a scream," he vows. "And it will be yours," An elaborate maze of plot twists and turns keeps Matt Collins, Chief Of Plant Security, overwhelmed against insurgent forces, both inside and out.

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239

Publisher

Xlibris Corporation

Published Date

ISBN 10

1469105608

ISBN 13

9781469105604

In the Heat of the Storm

By: James C. Irwin

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In the Heat of the Storm

By: James C. Irwin

This is the second novel in James C. Irwins easy reading series. His first, A Different Way Back Was published with industrial espionage as the theme. He lives with his wife Phyllis in Santa Ynez, California.

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173

Publisher

Xlibris Corporation

Published Date

ISBN 10

1469105616

ISBN 13

9781469105611

How to Control the Fiscal Costs of Public-Private Partnerships

By: Mr.Timothy C Irwin,Samah Mazraani,Mr.Sandeep Saxena

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How to Control the Fiscal Costs of Public-Private Partnerships

By: Mr.Timothy C Irwin,Samah Mazraani,Mr.Sandeep Saxena

This note discusses what finance ministries can do to ensure that public-private partnerships (PPPs) are used wisely. By inviting private participation in infrastructure development and service provision, PPPs can help improve public services. Yet, strong governance institutions are needed to manage risks and avoid unexpected costs from PPPs. While in the short term, PPPs may appear cheaper than traditional public investment, over time they can turn out to be more expensive and undermine fiscal sustainability, particularly when governments ignore or are unaware of their deferred costs and associated fiscal risks. To use PPPs wisely governments should (1) develop and implement clear rules for their use; (2) identify, quantify, and disclose PPP risks and expected costs; and (3) reform budget and government accounting frameworks to capture all fiscal costs comprehensively.

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International Monetary Fund

Published Date

ISBN 10

1484380940

ISBN 13

9781484380949

The People’s Peace Process in Northern Ireland

By: C. Irwin

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The People’s Peace Process in Northern Ireland

By: C. Irwin

Many important lessons have come out of the negotiations for the Belfast Agreement. This book explains how public opinion polls were used in support of the Northern Ireland peace process. Significantly, it was the politicians who decided the questions so that they could map out areas of compromise and common ground that their supporters would accept. This book explains how the work was done so that others can apply the benefits of this experience to their own peace building activities.

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Page Count

352

Publisher

Springer

Published Date

ISBN 10

140391432X

ISBN 13

9781403914323

Book's by C. Irwin

Defining the Government’s Debt and Deficit

Defining the Government’s Debt and Deficit

Defining the Government’s Debt and Deficit

Defining the Government’s Debt and Deficit

Global AIDS

Global AIDS

A Different Way Back

A Different Way Back

In the Heat of the Storm

In the Heat of the Storm

How to Control the Fiscal Costs of Public-Private Partnerships

How to Control the Fiscal Costs of Public-Private Partnerships

The People’s Peace Process in Northern Ireland

The People’s Peace Process in Northern Ireland

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