Thirty years ago, it was estimated that less than five percent of the population had an anxiety disorder. Today, some estimates are over fifty percent, a tenfold increase. Is this dramatic rise evidence of a real medical epidemic? In All We Have to Fear, Allan Horwitz and Jerome Wakefield argue that psychiatry itself has largely generated this "epidemic" by inflating many natural fears into psychiatric disorders, leading to the over-diagnosis of anxiety disorders and the over-prescription of anxiety-reducing drugs. American psychiatry currently identifies disordered anxiety as irrational anxiety disproportionate to a real threat. Horwitz and Wakefield argue, to the contrary, that it can be a perfectly normal part of our nature to fear things that are not at all dangerous--from heights to negative judgments by others to scenes that remind us of past threats (as in some forms of PTSD). Indeed, this book argues strongly against the tendency to call any distressing condition a "mental disorder." To counter this trend, the authors provide an innovative and nuanced way to distinguish between anxiety conditions that are psychiatric disorders and likely require medical treatment and those that are not--the latter including anxieties that seem irrational but are the natural products of evolution. The authors show that many commonly diagnosed "irrational" fears--such as a fear of snakes, strangers, or social evaluation--have evolved over time in response to situations that posed serious risks to humans in the past, but are no longer dangerous today. Drawing on a wide range of disciplines including psychiatry, evolutionary psychology, sociology, anthropology, and history, the book illuminates the nature of anxiety in America, making a major contribution to our understanding of mental health.
Chemical Induction of Cancer: Structural Bases and Biological Mechanisms, Volume IIIC: Natural, Metal, Fiber, and Macromolecular Carcinogens covers structure-carcinogenicity relationships of carcinogenic mycotoxins, carcinogenic substances generated by plants, carcinogenic metals and metalloids, and foreign-body carcinogens. The book discusses the metabolism and mechanism of carcinogenic action, physicochemical properties, other biological activities (principally mutagenicity and teratogenicity), modification of carcinogenic activity, formation and environmental significance. The text also describes the carcinogenic water-soluble high polymers and explores the intriguing problems of the carcinogenic effect of osmotic imbalance in tissue microenvironment, as well as of spontaneous malignant transformation occurring in cell cultures in vitro. Studies on tumor induction and carcinogenesis modification by nonviral nucleic acids, by nucleases, proteases, histones, and by antigenic stimulation as well as by antibodies are also considered. The book further tackles tumor-released factors as possible modifiers of carcinogenesis. The text will prove invaluable to chemists and people involved in cancer research.
An evidence-based guide to the assessment and treatment of childhood depression with a focus on a family-based approach Up-to-date overview of the evidence-base Step-by-step guidance of a family-focused treatment Downloadable handouts for clinical practice This volume in the Advances in Psychotherapy series provides the reader with an up-to-date, evidence-based introduction to the assessment and treatment of childhood depression, including major depressive disorder, persistent depressive disorder, disruptive mood dysregulation, and adjustment disorders. After exploring the latest knowledge on the diagnosis, course, theories, and contributing factors of childhood depression, the author presents a step-by-step description of family-focused treatment for childhood depression (FFT-CD), which integrates CBT and family therapy goals. Treatments for depression that work well for adolescents and adults cannot simply be extended to children as their cognitive capabilities are not as fully developed nor stable. FFT-CD focuses on positive and supportive parent–child interactions that support the development of a positive self, helping parents provide the child with additional positive feedback on their developmentally appropriate achievements, and enhancing child and family coping. Downloadable resources include numerous FFT-CD handouts for children and parents. This text should be particularly useful to child or school psychologists, marriage and family therapists, child psychiatrists and anyone working with depressed youth and their families.
Raise your simulation programs to new heights with the fully updated Defining Excellence in Simulation Programs, 2nd edition. An official publication of the Society for Simulation in Healthcare, this fully illustrated guide speaks to the needs of all healthcare professionals using simulation for education, assessment, and research. Offering best practices for a wide variety of programs, it addresses all areas of program management, from staffing, funding, and equipment, to education models. Whether you are new to running a simulation program, developing a program, or studying simulation, this is your key to creating cost-effective, research-based programs.
Includes some fifty edited and revised papers from an international conference on Sustainable Management of Soil Organic Matter, held by the British Society of Soil Science in Edinburgh in September 1999. The book explores the results of recent research studies examining how organic matter functions in soils, factors affecting organic matter quality and quantity and how management of organic matter can be optimised in order to achieve sustainable farming practices.
This leading-edge circuit design resource offers the knowledge needed to quickly pinpoint transmission problems that can compromise circuit design. Discusses both design and debug issues at gigabit per second data rates.
Comprehensive, user-friendly, and up to date, Chestnut's Obstetric Anesthesia: Principles and Practice, 6th Edition, provides the authoritative clinical information you need to provide optimal care to your patients. This substantially revised edition keeps you current on everything from basic science to anesthesia techniques to complications, including coverage of new research that is paving the way for improved patient outcomes. An expert editorial team ensures that this edition remains a must-have resource for obstetric anesthesiologists and obstetricians, nurse anesthetists and anesthesiology assistants, and anesthesiology and obstetric residents and students. - Presents the latest information on anesthesia techniques for labor and delivery and medical disorders that occur during pregnancy, emphasizing the treatment of the fetus and the mother as separate patients with distinct needs. - Contains new chapters on shared decision-making in obstetric anesthesia and chronic pain during and after pregnancy. - Features extensive revisions from cover to cover, including consolidated information on maternal infection and postoperative analgesia. - Covers key topics such as neonatal assessment and resuscitation, pharmacology during pregnancy and lactation, use of nitrous oxide for labor analgesia, programmed intermittent epidural bolus (PIEB) technique, epidural analgesia-associated fever, the role of gastric ultrasonography to assess the risk of aspiration, sugammadex in obstetric anesthesia, the role of video laryngoscopy and new supraglottic airway devices, spinal dysraphism, and cardiac arrest in obstetric patients. - Incorporates the latest guidelines on congenital heart disease and the management of sepsis, as well as difficult airway guidelines that are specific to obstetric anesthesia practice. - Offers abundant figures, tables, and boxes that illustrate the step-by-step management of a full range of clinical scenarios. - Enhanced eBook version included with purchase. Your enhanced eBook allows you to access all of the text, figures, and references from the book on a variety of devices.
From basic science to various anesthesia techniques to complications, the meticulously updated, fifth edition of Chestnut’s Obstetric Anesthesia: Principles and Practice, covers all you need to know about obstetric anesthesia. An editorial team of leading authorities presents the latest on anesthesia techniques for labor and delivery and medical disorders that occur during pregnancy. New chapters and rewritten versions of key chapters cover topics such as psychiatric disorders in the pregnant patient, neurologic disorders, and critical care of obstetric patients. It is an invaluable, comprehensive reference textbook for specialists in obstetric anesthesiology and obstetricians, as well as anesthesiology and obstetric residents. This book also serves as a clear, user-friendly guide for both anesthesiologists and obstetricians who are in clinical practice. Consult this title on your favorite e-reader, conduct rapid searches, and adjust font sizes for optimal readability. Get all the accuracy, expertise, and dependability you could ask for from the most important names in the fields of obstetric anesthesia and maternal-fetal medicine. Master the current best practices you need to know for treating the fetus and the mother as separate patients—each with distinct needs. Search and retain difficult concepts easily with the help of key point summaries in each chapter. Stay current on the latest advancements and developments with sweeping updates and new chapters on topics such as patient safety and team approach, transthoracic echocardiography and noninvasive measurement of cardiac output in obstetric patients, psychiatric disorders during pregnancy, neurologic injuries, and more. Prevent and plan for potential complications associated with the advancing age of pregnant women. An extensive, state-of-the art discussion of "critical care of obstetric patients" equips you to address any special considerations for this increasing segment. Know exactly how to proceed. An abundance of tables and boxes illustrate the step-by-step management of a full range of clinical scenarios. Choose the best drugs available while adhering to the most recent guidelines for obstetric anesthesia.
The most thorough major academic textbook available, this classic text presents the most important research studies in the field. The author also integrates engaging first-person accounts from patients, physicians, and other health care providers throughout the text. A much greater number of first person accounts and updated examples are added to the new fourteenth edition. Other updates include: • Coverage of Zika, Ebola, MERS, and updates on other pandemics • Expanded discussion of obesity as a disease • Coverage of the widening gap in life expectancy between the rich and the poor • New information on the decline of life expectancy among American white women, especially those who live in rural counties • New material on biomarkers, gene–environment interaction, and stress • Analysis of the role of the hidden curriculum in medical schools • Exiting the Affordable Care Act
Trusted by physicians and advanced practice providers through ten standard-setting editions, Fanaroff and Martin's Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, 11th Edition, remains the reference of choice for expert, multidisciplinary guidance on the management and evidence-based treatment of problems in the mother, fetus, and neonate. An expanded team of international authors, led by Drs. Richard J. Martin, Avroy A. Fanaroff, and Michele C. Walsh of Rainbow Babies and Children's Hospital, brings you up to date with advances in the control of nosocomial infections in preterm infants, genetic disorders and birth defects, the fetal origins of adult disease, the late preterm infants, and much more – all designed to help you improve the quality of life and long-term outcomes of your patients. - Helps you make informed clinical choices for each patient – from diagnosis and treatment selection through post-treatment strategies and management of complications – with a dual focus on neonatology and perinatology. - Includes a new chapter on Social and Economic Contributors to Neonatal Outcome. - Features extensive updates and reorganization throughout, with new Key Points at the end of each chapter - Provides up-to-date, evidence-based content, with more information on precision medicine and genetics. - Uses detailed, full-color illustrations that depict disorders in the clinical setting and explain complex information. - Remains the most comprehensive, multidisciplinary text in the field – an excellent source of information for every stage of your practice.
Tailored to the needs of medicinal and natural products chemists, the second edition of this unique handbook brings the contents up to speed, almost doubling the amount of chemical information with an additional volume. As in the predecessor, a short introductory section covers the theoretical background and evaluates currently available instrumentation and equipment. The main part of the book then goes on to systematically survey the complete range of published microwave-assisted synthesis methods from their beginnings in the 1990s to mid-2011, drawing on data from more than 5,000 reports and publications. Throughout, the focus is on those reactions, reagents and reaction conditions that work, and that are the most relevant for medicinal and natural products chemistry. A much expanded section is devoted to combinatorial, highthroughput and flow chemistry methods.
Psychophysical theory exists in two distinct forms -- one ascribes the explanation of phenomena and empirical laws to sensory processes. Context effects arising through the use of particular methods are an unwanted nuisance whose influence must be eliminated so that one isolates the "true" sensory scale. The other considers psychophysics only in terms of cognitive variables such as the judgment strategies induced by instructions and response biases. Sensory factors play a minor role in cognitive approaches. This work admits the validity of both forms of theory by arguing that the same empirical phenomena should be conceptualized in two alternative, apparently contradictory, ways. This acceptance of opposites is necessary because some empirical phenomena are best explained in terms of sensory processes, while others are best ascribed to central causes. The complementarity theory stresses the "mutually completing" nature of two distinct models. The first assigns importance to populations of sensory neurons acting in the aggregate and is formulated to deal with sensory effects. The second assigns importance to judgment uncertainty and to the subject strategies induced by experimental procedures. This model is formulated to explain context effects. Throughout the text, the exposition is interlaced with mathematics, graphs, and computer simulations designed to reveal the complementary nature of psychophysical explanations.
Earth as an Evolving Planetary System, Third Edition, examines the various subsystems that play a role in the evolution of the Earth, including subsystems in the crust, mantle, core, atmosphere, oceans, and life. This third edition includes 30% new material and, for the first time, includes full color images in both the print and electronic versions. Topics in the great events chapters are now included in the beginning of the book, with the addition of a new feature of breakout boxes for each event. The second half of the book now focuses on a better understanding of Earth's history by looking at the interactions of the subsystems over time. The Earth's atmosphere, hydrosphere, and biosphere, crustal and mantle evolution, the supercontinent cycle, great events in Earth history, and the Earth in comparison to other planets are also covered. - Authored by a world leader in tectonics who also authored the two previous editions - Presents comprehensive coverage of the Earth's history that is relevant for both students and teachers - Includes important section on Comparative Planetary Evolution, not found in other textbooks - All illustrations presented throughout both the print and electronic versions in full color
The Handbook of Clinical Interviewing with Children is one of three interrelated handbooks on the topic of interviewing for specific populations. It presents a combination of theory and practice plus concern with diagnostic entities for readers who work, or one day will work, with children (and their parents and teachers) in clinical settings. The volume begins with general issues (structured versus unstructured interview strategies, developmental issues when working with children, writing up the intake interview, etc.), moves to a section on major disorders with special relevance for child populations (conduct disorders, attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, learning disorders, etc.), and concludes with a section addressing special populations.
Harris' Developmental Neuropsychiatry provides updated information to the first edition which defined the field of developmental neuropsychiatry, and is the most recent comprehensive textbook in the field.
This book provides an in-depth discussion of various aspects of metal ecotoxicology. State-of-the-art information and techniques in areas ranging from metal behavior in surface waters to bioaccumulation kinetics and toxicokinetics to community effects are presented in a hierarchical arrangement. Specific topics discussed include metals in abiotic components of ecosystems, autecology (effects of metals relative to the individual or a single species), and metals in marine and freshwater systems in the context of synecology (species associated and interacting as a unit). This is an important book that will be useful to researchers, risk assessment consultants, regulatory personnel, and teachers and students.
This book brings together scientific evidence and experience relevant to the practical conservation of bats. The authors worked with an international group of bat experts and conservationists to develop a global list of interventions that could benefit bats. For each intervention, the book summarises studies captured by the Conservation Evidence project, where that intervention has been tested and its effects on bats quantified. The result is a thorough guide to what is known, or not known, about the effectiveness of bat conservation actions throughout the world. Bat Conservation is the fifth in a series of Synopses that will cover different species groups and habitats, gradually building into a comprehensive summary of evidence on the effects of conservation interventions for all biodiversity throughout the world. By making evidence accessible in this way, we hope to enable a change in the practice of conservation, so it can become more evidence-based. We also aim to highlight where there are gaps in knowledge. Evidence from all around the world is included. If there appears to be a bias towards evidence from northern European or North American temperate environments, this reflects a current bias in the published research that is available to us. Conservation interventions are grouped primarily according to the relevant direct threats, as defined in the International Union for the Conservation of Nature (IUCN)’s Unified Classification of Direct Threats (www.iucnredlist.org/technical-documents/classification-schemes).
Defining Sport Communication is a comprehensive resource addressing core topics and issues, including humanistic, organizational, relational, and mediated approaches to the study of sport communication. It provides foundational work in sport communication for students and scholars, reflecting the abundance of research published in recent years and the ever-increasing interest in this area of study. Bringing together scholars from various epistemological viewpoints within communication, this volume provides a unique opportunity for defining the breadth and depth of sport communication research. It will serve as a seminal reference for existing scholarship while also providing an agenda for future research.
Accurately identify the full range of clinical and pathological entities with Rosen’s Diagnosis of Breast Pathology by Needle Core Biopsy, Fourth Edition! With guidance from the same trusted authorities responsible for the esteemed clinical reference, Rosen’s Breast Pathology, you’ll gain masterful insights on how to confidently meet diagnostic challenges on needle core biopsy material. These challenges are summarized in the three maxims stated by Dr Paul Peter Rosen in the Preface to the First Edition of this book, and which continue to relevant today: 1. Anything can turn up. 2. What you see is what you have. It may not be all there is. 3. What you see may be all there is. The pathologist must always keep these precepts in mind when offering a diagnosis based on limited material in needle core biopsy samples. This book will serve as a complete guide to interpreting this material.
Psychology 2ed will support you to develop the skills and knowledge needed for your career in psychology and within the professional discipline of psychology. This book will be an invaluable study resource during your introductory psychology course and it will be a helpful reference throughout your studies and your future career in psychology. Psychology 2ed provides you with local ideas and examples within the context of psychology as an international discipline. Rich cultural and indigenous coverage is integrated throughout the book to help your understanding. To support your learning online study tools with revision quizzes, games and additional content have been developed with this book.
This is the first work to take a comprehensive look at the application of Magnetic Resonance (MR) techniques in the diagnosis, follow-up and therapy monitoring of dementing illnesses. The authors present an overview of MR findings in neurodegenerative and vascular disorders leading to dementia. In doing so, they also discuss other diseases that lead to cognitive and/or behavioural deterioration, such as infectious inflammatory disorders, toxic encephalopathies, inborn errors of metabolism of adult onset and post-traumatic, post-radiotherapy and post-chemotherapy conditions. This authoritative, well-written and richly illustrated reference work is indispensable for anybody working in the field.
This book combines the reference material of a nephrology textbook with the everyday relevance of a clinical handbook. This second edition develops and expands upon the success of the first. All the content has been updated and entirely new chapters on acid-base disorders and stone disease have been added. Understanding Kidney Diseases includes over 60 real-life case studies and is illustrated with over 200 figures. Readers can test their knowledge with a bank of multiple-choice questions and put it into practice by answering questions that patients frequently ask. The book provides all that students, residents and fellows need in order to approach a patient with a kidney problem with confidence.
This text fuses scientific integrity with conversational, humorous presentation of neuroscience knowledge for human services. Knowledge conveyed is essential for practice with mental health, addiction, and developmental challenges, violence, family relationships
Almost everybody has an obsession or feels a compulsion to do something a certain way. Magic numbers, intrusive thoughts, unusual fears and superstitions happen to about four people out of five, but where do these obsessive-compulsive (OC) traits come from? This book explores what they are, why we have them and what we can do about them, through fascinating and highly original insights. Are you a perfectionist, or can you be fussy? Do you like to have control in certain situations? Or are you overly anxious in others? These are all OC traits, and this book looks at their recent increase in human behaviour, and how they are formed in the brain. Showing that these traits are more common in highly educated, intelligent and successful people, it highlights the positive sides of what have previously been seen as negative quirks. Weaving together sections that are anecdotal and humorous, with technical and up-to-date scientific information, this groundbreaking book gives a fascinating introduction into an under-discussed personality type.
This new edition introduces operation and design techniques for Sigma-Delta converters in physical and conceptual terms, and includes chapters which explore developments in the field over the last decade Includes information on MASH architectures, digital-to-analog converter (DAC) mismatch and mismatch shaping Investigates new topics including continuous-time ΔΣ analog-to-digital converters (ADCs) principles and designs, circuit design for both continuous-time and discrete-time ΔΣ ADCs, decimation and interpolation filters, and incremental ADCs Provides emphasis on practical design issues for industry professionals
This book is intended as a thoughtful extension to Bachman et al.'s well-received monograph Smoking, Drinking, and Drug Use in Young Adulthood. That volume showed that the new freedoms of young adulthood lead to increases in substance use, while the responsibilities of adulthood--marriage, pregnancy, parenthood--contribute to declines in substance use. The Decline of Substance Use in Young Adulthood examines how the changes in social and religious experiences and in attitudes toward substance use observed among young adults are related to changes in substance use, family transitions, living arrangements, college experience, and employment. The research uses a variety of analysis techniques and is based on the nationwide Monitoring the Future surveys of more than 38,000 young people followed from high school into adulthood. The research covers the last quarter of the 20th century, a period when drug use and views about drugs underwent many important changes. In spite of these shifts, the overall patterns of relationships reported in this book are impressive in their consistency across time and in their general similarity for men and women. Specific questions addressed include the following: *As young adults experience new freedoms and responsibilities, do their attitudes about drugs change? *Do their religious views and behaviors shift? *Do their new freedoms and responsibilities affect the amount of time they spend in social activities, including going to parties and bars? *And how are any of these changes linked to changes in cigarette use, alcohol use, marijuana use, and cocaine use?
Thinking about Science: Good Science, Bad Science, and How to Make It Better A riveting exploration of the world of science, diving headfirst into its triumphs and tribulations. Penned by seasoned microbiologists Ferric C. Fang and Arturo Casadevall, this book offers a comprehensive analysis of the scientific enterprise through various lenses, including historical, philosophical, and personal. From their unique vantage points as researchers, clinicians, and educators, Fang and Casadevall dissect the intricate mechanisms of science, shedding light on its strengths and weaknesses. Through engaging historical anecdotes, personal narratives, and insightful academic studies, they present a candid evaluation of science's performance, including a thought-provoking examination of its role during the COVID-19 pandemic. But Thinking about Science goes beyond merely reflecting on the past and present—it offers a bold prescription for the future. As humanity grapples with monumental challenges, this book underscores the pivotal role science must play in navigating these uncharted territories. A must-read for anyone curious about the present predicaments and future potential of science, Thinking about Science: Good Science, Bad Science, and How to Make It Better is more than just a book; it's a roadmap to understanding and improving the scientific endeavor for the benefit of society at large. Ferric C. Fang and Arturo Casadevall are physician-scientists and journal editors who have studied infectious diseases for more than three decades and have a longstanding interest in the culture and sociology of science. Dr. Fang is presently a Professor in the Departments of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Microbiology, Medicine, and Global Health at the University of Washington School of Medicine, and Dr. Casadevall is presently a Bloomberg Distinguished Professor in the Johns Hopkins Schools of Public Health and Medicine.
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