Ever since the Industrial Revolution debate has raged about the sources of the new, sustained western prosperity. Margaret Jacob here argues persuasively for the critical importance of knowledge in Europe's economic transformation during the period from 1750 to 1850, first in Britain and then in selected parts of northern and western Europe. This is a new history of economic development in which minds, books, lectures and education become central. She shows how, armed with knowledge and know-how and inspired by the desire to get rich, entrepreneurs emerged within an industrial culture wedded to scientific knowledge and technology. She charts how, across a series of industries and nations, innovative engineers and entrepreneurs sought to make sense and a profit out of the world around them. Skilled hands matched minds steeped in the knowledge systems new to the eighteenth century to transform the economic destiny of western Europe.
Draws parallels between the Financial Meltdown of 2008 and the Stock Market Crash of 1929. Argues that both were ultimately the result of technological change with electrification being the root cause of the Stock Market Crash of 1929 and factory automation and outsourcing being the cause of the current financial meltdown/crash. Shows how in both cases, money income was insufficient to sustain full employment and how Republican Administrations set out to resolve the problem (Hoover with commercial policy in 1929, Reagan and Bush in the 1980's with disguised fiscal policy in the form of mortgage securitization). Provides estimates of the income and expenditure shortfall from 1984 to 2009 in the range of $5 to $7 Trillion, which is shown to correspond to the extent of the sub-prime mortgage debacle. Concludes by discussing the various policy options available to the Obama Administration.
Painting with Fire shows how experiments with chemicals known to change visibly over the course of time transformed British pictorial arts of the long eighteenth century—and how they can alter our conceptions of photography today. As early as the 1670s, experimental philosophers at the Royal Society of London had studied the visual effects of dynamic combustibles. By the 1770s, chemical volatility became central to the ambitious paintings of Sir Joshua Reynolds, premier portraitist and first president of Britain’s Royal Academy of Arts. Valued by some critics for changing in time (and thus, for prompting intellectual reflection on the nature of time), Reynolds’s unstable chemistry also prompted new techniques of chemical replication among Matthew Boulton, James Watt, and other leading industrialists. In turn, those replicas of chemically decaying academic paintings were rediscovered in the mid-nineteenth century and claimed as origin points in the history of photography. Tracing the long arc of chemically produced and reproduced art from the 1670s through the 1860s, the book reconsiders early photography by situating it in relationship to Reynolds’s replicated paintings and the literal engines of British industry. By following the chemicals, Painting with Fire remaps familiar stories about academic painting and pictorial experiment amid the industrialization of chemical knowledge.
Winemaking as a form of food preseIVation is as old as civilization. Wine has been an integral component of people's daily diet since its discovery and has also played an important role in the development of society, reli gion, and culture. We are currently drinking the best wines ever produced. We are able to do this because of our increased understanding of grape growing, biochemistry and microbiology of fermentation, our use of ad vanced technology in production, and our ability to measure the various major and minor components that comprise this fascinating beverage. Historically, winemakers succeeded with slow but gradual improvements brought about by combinations of folklore, obseIVation, and luck. How ever, they also had monumental failures resulting in the necessity to dis pose of wine or convert it into distilled spirits or vinegar. It was assumed that even the most marginally drinkable wines could be marketed. This is not the case for modern producers. The costs of grapes, the technology used in production, oak barrels, corks, bottling equipment, etc. , have in creased dramatically and continue to rise. Consumers are now accustomed to supplies of inexpensive and high-quality varietals and blends; they con tinue to demand better. Modern winemakers now rely on basic science and xvi Preface xvii the systematic application of their art to produce products pleasing to the increasingly knowledgeable consumer base that enjoys wine as part of its civilized society.
Engineers are empire-builders. Watt, Brunel, and others worked to build and expand personal and business empires of material technology and in so doing these engineers also became active agents of political and economic empire. This book provides a fascinating exploration of the cultural construction of the large-scale technologies of empire.
The purpose of this book is to bring together under one cover the principles of groundwater engineering. The concise format has produced a handy, comprehensive manual for professionals working in the groundwater industry. The author places emphasis on the application of theory and practical aspects of groundwater engineering. Well-cited references throughout the text guide you through the technology, scientific principles, and theoretical background of groundwater engineering. Exhaustive appendices contain quantitative data necessary for in-groundwater flow and contaminant migration equations. Principles of Groundwater Engineering is the state-of-the-art book that bridges the gap between groundwater theory and groundwater problem solving.
Hydraulic parameter identification is a crucial step in hydrogeological investigations. The book proposes a unique and generalized interpretation method for single and multiple pumping tests made in groundwater reservoirs with layered heterogeneity and with or without lateral anisotropy. This method eliminates the drawbacks of the numerous and frequently applied interpretation methods. The book also presents an introduction to inverse modeling, resulting in optimal parameter values with their joint confidence region and the corresponding residuals. Cross sections through this multidimensional region elucidate the relation between the shape of this region and some statistical parameters describing the reliability of the identified parameters. This method is demonstrated by means of five pumping or recharge tests.
Meet the growing challenges of diabetes and obesity management with Endocrinology: Adult and Pediatric: Diabetes Mellitus and Obesity - a new diabetes and obesity eBook from the same expert endocrinologists responsible for the highly acclaimed two-volume Endocrinology clinical reference. With all of the latest advances loaded on your favorite eReader, you'll be able to put today's best practices to work for your patients. - Stay abreast of the newest knowledge and advances in diabetes mellitus and obesity, including today's increased focus on controlling autoimmunity and preserving or replenishing beta-cell mass in the management of type 1 diabetes; complications of diabetes and their pathogenesis, morbidity, and treatment; new findings and treatments for obesity; and much more. - Count on all the authority that has made Endocrinology, 6th Edition, edited by Drs. Jameson and DeGroot, the go-to clinical reference for endocrinologists worldwide. - Consult this title on your favorite e-reader, conduct rapid searches, and adjust font sizes for optimal readability. Compatible with Kindle®, nook®, and other popular devices.
Studies In Baptist History And ThoughtThe seventeenth century was a significant period in English history during which the people of England experienced unprecedented change and tumult in all spheres of life. At the same time, the importance of order and the traditional institutions of society were being reinforced. Hanserd Knollys, born during this pivotal period, personified in his life the ambiguity, tension, and paradox of it, openly seeking change while at the same time cautiously embracing order. As a founder and leader of the Particular Baptists in London, despite persecution and personal hardship, he played a pivotal role in helping shape their identity externally in society and internally, as they moved toward becoming more formalized by the close of the country.
Raises doubt about the validity of the impending "Third Industrial Revolution" based on information and communications technology. Shows using basic science that information, unlike energy, is not physically productive, raising serious doubts over the ability of ICT to raise the standard of living.
Age-related macular degeneration has become the most common cause of blindness. With population ageing AMD will become an ever more prevalent cause of visual loss unless more effective modes of treatment will be found. Here, an expert panel of experienced clinicians and eminent basic scientists provide for an authoritative review on the pathogenesis, epidemiology and risk factors, diagnostic methods and imaging modalities for age-related macular degeneration. Many photographs and diagrams add to a clear understanding.
In this optimistic and inspiring book, Peter Whybrow, the prize-winning author of American Mania, returns to offer a prescription for genuine human progress. The Well-Tuned Brain is a call to action. Swept along by the cascading advances of today’s technology, most of us take for granted that progress brings improvement. Despite spectacular material advance, however, the evidence grows that we are failing to create a sustainable future for humanity. We are out of tune with the planet that nurtures us. Technology itself is not the problem, as Whybrow explains, but rather our behavior. Throughout its evolution the ancient brain that guides us each day has been focused on short-term survival. But fortunately we are intensely social creatures. Without the caring behaviors that flow from intimate attachments to others, we would be relying on a brain that is only marginally adapted to the complexity of the problems we must now face together. Today we must grapple with survival, not in its immediacy but over the long term. The first step in finding our way forward is to reexamine who we are as creatures of this planet. To this end, Whybrow takes us on a fascinating tour of self-discovery, drawing extensively upon his decades of experience as a psychiatrist and his broad knowledge of neuroscience and human behavior. Illustrated throughout with engaging personal stories, the book’s trove of cutting-edge science is enriched by philosophical, historical, and cultural perspectives. What emerges is a summons to rediscover the essential virtues of earlier nurturing, of mentored education, and an engagement with the natural world through curiosity and imagination. Neuroscience can open the search for a better future. But technology alone will not save us. To achieve success we will need the strength and wisdom of our better nature as humane social beings.
Distinguished authorship characterizes Antitrust Analysis: Problems, Text, and Cases, first written by Phil Areeda, the leading antitrust commentator of the 20th century. The text continues to be revised by three of the leading lawyer economists of the early 21st century. This traditional casebook is also known for its pedagogy (cases, explanatory text, and problems) and insightful text that conveys essential background information along with necessary economic principles. Recognizing that the most important development in antitrust doctrine over the past fifty years is the increasingly central role of economic analysis, the authors take great care to convey economic learning to students in plain language with a minimum of technical apparatus, resulting in a powerful volume adopted by experienced instructors and first-time teachers alike. Helpful appendices include Selected Statutes, such as the Sherman Act, the Clayton Act, and the Federal Trade Commission Act. New to the Eighth Edition: The addition of C. Scott Hemphill as a co-author, adding to the already distinguished author team. Since the last edition, antitrust enforcers and courts have struggled to grapple with the rising importance of platforms in our increasingly digital economy. The new edition gives extensive attention to these developments, including: The Supreme Court’s decision in Ohio v. American Express Major enforcement actions against Apple, Facebook, and Google New Vertical Merger Guidelines Completely rewritten and streamlined introductory material in Chapter 1. Professors and student will benefit from: Distinguished authorship: Original author Areeda was the leading antitrust commentator of the 20th century; Kaplow, Edlin, and Hemphill are leading lawyer-economists of the early 21st century. Pedagogy: Traditional casebook with cases, explanatory text, and problems. Insightful textual explanations convey essential background information and necessary economic principles. Adopted by experienced instructors and first-time teachers alike. Appendix includes selected statutes and the Sherman Act, the Clayton Act, and the Federal Trade Commission Act. Teaching materials Include: Teacher’s Manual
This history and analysis traces the emergence of independent leagues and teams and follows them year by year. It profiles in detail one team from each of the leagues operating in 1999: the Bridgeport (Connecticut) Blue Fish of the Atlantic League, the Kalamazoo (Michigan) Kodiaks of the Frontier League, the Tri-City (Washington) Posse of the Western League, the Ozark (Missouri) Mountain Ducks of the Texas-Louisiana League, and the Duluth-Superior (Minnesota) Dukes of the Northern League West. Also included are profiles of individual players, managers, owners, umpires, and fans."--BOOK JACKET.
Ancient ice ages are revealed by distinctive stratal facies that tell us much about the times of coolness and how the climate system works. Several strong ice ages were recorded in the late Paleozic time and during transitions from the Devonian in to the Carboniferous and from the Ordovician in to the Silurian. In Precambrian time, several are documented for both the late and early Proterozoic age. This title explores findings on the pre-Mesozoic ice ages, examining climate in relation to tectonobiogeochemical activities rooted in the changing earth-air-ocean system.
Whilst there has been much recent scholarly work on retailing during the early-modern period, much less is known about how people at the time perceived retailing. Centred around the general theme of perceptions, this book addresses this gap in our knowledge, looking at a different aspect of consumption.This book will prove essential reading for anyone interested in British social and economic history in the early modern period and among those interested with the history of retailing and of consumption. Although first and foremost a book written by historians for historians, it nevertheless borrows concepts and approaches from various disciplines concerned with theories of consumption, material culture, and representational art.
Richly detailed definitive account covers every aspect of steamboat's development — from construction, equipment, and operation to races, collisions, rise of competition, and ultimate decline of steamboat transportation.
This book integrates principles of flow through porous media with stochastic analyses, for advanced-level students, researchers and professionals in hydrogeology and hydraulics.
The Lives and Times of the Patriots was first published in 1938, the centennial of the Upper Canadian Rebellion and the subsequent Patriot raids over the border from the United States. The Canadian part of the agitation for constitutional and social reform, long a subject of controversy and bitterness, is now generally considered to be, as Sir Wilfrid Laurier put it, a fight "for constitutional rights, not against the British Crown"; but very little in the American movement, allegedly in sympathy, can be justified, its aims and conduct being no better than—and often interior to—the Fenian Raids of some thirty years later. The story of the events and their consequences is unfolded from a wide coverage of source materials, and described from both Tory and Reform, Loyalist and Patriot point of view. Exciting trails and escapes from jails and forts follow one another in quick succession, and the lives and experiences of participants are traced around the world to the prison colony of Van Diemen's Land and home again, as diaries, letters, and narratives tell their story, supplemented and verified by official documents, contemporary newspapers, obituary notices, and tombstone inscriptions. Rare illustrations complement this careful account of what must be taken to be, with all its deficiencies, a notable episode in the history of human freedom.
Get the core knowledge in pain medicine you need from one of the most trusted resources in the field. The new fourth edition guides you through every aspect of pain medicine with concise descriptions of evaluation, diagnosis of pain syndromes, rationales for management, treatment modalities, and much more. From commonly seen pain syndromes, including headaches, trunk pain, orofacial pain, back pain, and extremity pain...through specific pain management challenges such as postoperative pain, pain due to cancer, phantom pain, and pain in the management of AIDS patients...this popular text will equip you with the know-how you need to effectively manage even your most challenging cases. A practical, multidisciplinary approach to pain management makes key concepts and techniques easier to apply to everyday practice. Expert contributors provide the latest knowledge on all aspects of pain management, from general principles through to specific management techniques. Detailed discussions of the latest concepts and treatment plans help you provide the best possible outcomes for all your patients. Extensively updated chapters acquaint you with the most current trends and techniques in pain management. A new section on complications helps you avoid and manage potential pitfalls. A new editorial team ensures that you are getting the freshest, most clinically relevant information available today. New, full-color art clarifies key concepts and techniques.
Numismatic Archaeology of North America is the first book to provide an archaeological overview of the coins and tokens found in a wide range of North American archaeological sites. It begins with a comprehensive and well-illustrated review of the various coins and tokens that circulated in North America with descriptions of the uses for, and human behavior associated with, each type. The book contains practical sections on standardized nomenclature, photographing, cleaning, and curating coins, and discusses the impacts of looting and of working with collectors. This is an important tool for archaeologists working with coins. For numismatists and collectors, it explains the importance of archaeological context for complete analysis.
This study innovatively explores how Malory's Morte D'Arthur responds to available literary vernacular Arthurian traditions which the French defined as theoretical in impulse, the English as performative and experimental. Negotiating these influences, Malory transforms constructions of masculine heroism, especially in the presentation of Launcelot, and exposes the tensions and disillusions of the Arthurian project. The Morte poignantly conveys a desire for integrity in narrative and subject-matter, but at the same time tests literary conceptualizations of history, nationalism, gender and selfhood, and considers the failures of social and legal institutionalizations of violence, in a critique of literary form and of social order.
Well-known for their inability to heal, articular cartilage injuries often degenerate inexorably to disastrous impairment. Multitudes of treatments have been devised for this problem, but no satisfactory long-term solutions have been established. Written by world-class experts, Articular Cartilage covers the latest research and advancements related to biology, development, pathology, clinical applications, and tissue engineering. This book is useful for rheumatologists, orthopaedic surgeons, cartilage biologists, and cartilage engineers as well as for professionals working in the orthopaedic and other musculoskeletal industries. This book also belongs in the library of primary care physicians, gerontologists, physical therapists, kinesiologists, and chiropractors. Written at a level that allows accessibility to a wide audience, it provides an interdisciplinary approach that encompasses the breadth and depth of basic science, bioengineering, translational science, and detailed methodologic approaches. The authors examine the major events and signaling molecules that lead to development of articular cartilage from precursor cells, and the changes in cartilage as it matures and ages. They focus on the epidemiology, etiopathogenesis, and therapeutic approaches for cartilage injury and the major arthritides that affect cartilage and the synovial joints such as osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, and gout. They supply an up-to-date overview of the field of tissue engineering as applied to articular cartilage repair. They examine a number of methods used to assess structure, composition, biology, and biomechanical function. Each chapter contains extensive references to enhance additional study. The book’s comprehensive focus on multiple aspects of articular cartilage sets it apart from other tissue engineering or developmental biology-based books available. It includes important discussions and perspectives on many of the remaining challenges and opportunities in the development and translation of new approaches for treating diseases of articular cartilage. It also provides detailed working protocols for many of the methods used to study articular cartilage, coverage of current treatment options, and business and regulatory aspects of the development of cartilage products. It provides a deeper understanding that will help with the development of new products and clinical applications.
Why did the industrial revolution take place in eighteenth-century Britain and not elsewhere in Europe or Asia? In this convincing new account Robert Allen argues that the British industrial revolution was a successful response to the global economy of the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries. He shows that in Britain wages were high and capital and energy cheap in comparison to other countries in Europe and Asia. As a result, the breakthrough technologies of the industrial revolution - the steam engine, the cotton mill, and the substitution of coal for wood in metal production - were uniquely profitable to invent and use in Britain. The high wage economy of pre-industrial Britain also fostered industrial development since more people could afford schooling and apprenticeships. It was only when British engineers made these new technologies more cost-effective during the nineteenth century that the industrial revolution would spread around the world.
From the winner of the INCOSE Pioneer Award 2022 The world has become increasingly networked and unpredictable. Decision makers at all levels are required to manage the consequences of complexity every day. They must deal with problems that arise unexpectedly, generate uncertainty, are characterised by interconnectivity, and spread across traditional boundaries. Simple solutions to complex problems are usually inadequate and risk exacerbating the original issues. Leaders of international bodies such as the UN, OECD, UNESCO and WHO — and of major business, public sector, charitable, and professional organizations — have all declared that systems thinking is an essential leadership skill for managing the complexity of the economic, social and environmental issues that confront decision makers. Systems thinking must be implemented more generally, and on a wider scale, to address these issues. An evaluation of different systems methodologies suggests that they concentrate on different aspects of complexity. To be in the best position to deal with complexity, decision makers must understand the strengths and weaknesses of the various approaches and learn how to employ them in combination. This is called critical systems thinking. Making use of over 25 case studies, the book offers an account of the development of systems thinking and of major efforts to apply the approach in real-world interventions. Further, it encourages the widespread use of critical systems practice as a means of ensuring responsible leadership in a complex world. The INCOSE Pioneer Award is presented to someone who, by their achievements in the engineering of systems, has contributed uniquely to major products or outcomes enhancing society or meeting its needs. The criteria may apply to a single outstanding outcome or a lifetime of significant achievements in effecting successful systems. Comments on a previous version of the book: Russ Ackoff: ‘the book is the best overview of the field I have seen’ JP van Gigch: ‘Jackson does a masterful job. The book is lucid ...well written and eminently readable’ Professional Manager (Journal of the Chartered Management Institute): ‘Provides an excellent guide and introduction to systems thinking for students of management’
This is the master volume to the 28 book set on Irish Family History from the Irish Genealogical Foundation. The largest and most comprehensive of the series, this volume includes family histories from every county in Ireland and Northern Ireland. It also has, for the first time, the complete surname index for the entire series. The 27 other books which are indexed in this volume will provide additional information on even more families.
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