This text, written by a philosopher and a social psychologist, emphasizes concrete applications of decision research to problems of everyday living, as well as to business, social, and political issues. The text contains scores of interesting examples and problems for analysis, ranging from personal decisions about medical treatment to Truman's decision to use the atomic bomb. There is no other text with such a wide-ranging coverage, with so practical an orientation, with such clear descriptions of the steps to effective decision making, and with so many end-of-chapter problems for analysis and practice.
Interacting with graphs using queries has emerged as an important research problem for real-world applications that center on large graph data. Given the syntactic complexity of graph query languages (e.g., SPARQL, Cypher), visual graph query interfaces make it easy for non-programmers to query such graph data repositories. In this book, we present recent developments in the emerging area of visual graph querying paradigm that bridges traditional graph querying with human computer interaction (HCI). Specifically, we focus on techniques that emphasize deep integration between the visual graph query interface and the underlying graph query engine. We discuss various strategies and guidance for constructing graph queries visually, interleaving processing of graph queries and visual actions, visual exploration of graph query results, and automated performance study of visual graph querying frameworks. In addition, this book highlights open problems and new research directions. In summary, in this book, we review and summarize the research thus far into the integration of HCI and graph querying to facilitate user-friendly interaction with graph-structured data, giving researchers a snapshot of the current state of the art in this topic, and future research directions.
In this highly provocative and informed work, Byron L. Sherwin, one of the leading Jewish ethicists of our time, demonstrates how the wisdom of the past—found in classical texts that form Jewish religious tradition—can forcefully address the moral perplexities of the present. In setting out a contemporary agenda for Jewish ethics, Sherwin debunks common misconceptions about Jewish ethics and distinguishes between the ethics of Judaism and various forms of secular and religious ethics. He shows, for example, how the ethics of Judaism and the ethics of Jews often are at odds, how the Judeo-Christian ethic is an obsolete myth, and how Jewish and G:hristian ethics radically differ both in terms of their theological assumptions and in their applied methodologies. Sherwin delineates a methodology for Jewish ethics, which he applies to a wide variety of issues such as health and healing, euthanasia, reproductive biotechnology, cloning, parent-child relationships, economic justice, repentance or "moral rehabilitation," and the relationship between humans and machines. Drawing on a wide range of biblical, rabbinical, Jewish philosophical and kabbalistic sources, Jewish Ethics for the Twenty-First Century links the biblical term "image of God" to moral freedom, human creativity and the challenge of becoming God's "partner in creation" and a coauthor of the Torah.
Roth shows that the growth of this underclass has been fueled by increases in crime, illegitimacy and educational failure - problems which result from failed government programs that have led to the self-destructive patterns of individual behavior now endemic in our inner cities. He argues that the way to ameliorate these problems is with policies that restore order to our streets and to our schools, and that encourage and reward self-reliance, hard work, and stable families.
Byron M. Roth argues that the current debate over immigration policy is unlikely to produce a satisfying outcome since it takes place uninformed by the science of evolutionary psychology. He thoroughly reviews theory and research indicating that the success of any policy of mass immigration will be profoundly constrained by fundamental features of human nature. Prominent among those features is a natural bias toward ones own kind and a certain wariness of others, making harmony in multi-ethnic societies problematic at best. The problems for such societies are compounded when groups differ in ability and temperament in non-trivial ways.The author explores the history of immigration to the United States prior to World War II and contrasts it with post-war immigration in the West. The evidence marshaled makes clear that the earlier immigration experience of the United States is so different from current patterns that it cannot provide a useful template for understanding and assessing those patterns. In addition, Roth addresses the disturbingly undemocratic nature of the regime of mass immigration imposed by authorities on the citizens of all western nations in defiance of their clearly expressed wishes. He shows that the chasm between elite views and public opinion is so deep that current policies can only be maintained by an increasingly totalitarian suppression of dissent that undermines the very foundations of western democracy.
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