This report concludes that the Government's communications strategy on tuition fees could have been more effectively realised. It urges the government to "reconsider funding widening participation in higher education through a programme similar to the 'pupil premium'." The committee also concluded that "focusing financial support on providing money for living costs to students while they are studying would be a more effective means of support than fee-waivers and would be more consistent with the message that students should not be dissuaded from applying to university because of the cost." and recommends that the National Scholarship Programme be refocused accordingly. Furthermore reforms are not yet complete with a number of consultation exercises currently out for responses, including early repayment penalties for loans, the future of student number controls, loans for students studying at alternative providers, "off quota" students and a new regulatory framework for new and alternative providers. The detail to be required in the Key Information Sets has yet to be finalised. There will also need to be changes to both OFFA and HEFCE to reflect their changing responsibilities in higher education. The committee highlights the fact that the new fee regime is to start at the beginning of the next academic year and there is concern that the necessary coherent package of reforms be delivered to that timetable. The report also stresses that the reforms should be implemented as a package and not in a piecemeal way
The Business Innovation and Skills Committee broadly welcomes the Government's strategy for engagement with China and acknowledges the recent improvements in the UK/China trading relationship. However, the report concludes the UK's performance continues to lag behind countries such as Germany. China's latest 5-year plan has targeted a number of key areas for its economy, which UK sectors are well equipped to support. The Committee believes that the Government needs to actively target those sectors so that UK companies can exploit that advantage. The report also highlights Shanghai Automotive's investment in MG Rover as a shining example of the benefits to the UK of long-term investment by an overseas investor. It urges the Government to ensure that similar companies are alive to the benefits of investing in the UK and to support that investment. The Committee highlights problems with the experience and perceptions of the UK visa regime in China and airs its deep concerns that Ministers appeared to be unaware of the level of disquiet on this issue from both UK and Chinese companies. The Government should urgently address these failings so that Britain is truly open for business. The protection of intellectual property is another area of concern for UK companies looking to work in China and the report stresses the importance of resolving this problem. While the UK and Chinese governments are working towards a solution it asks the Government to set out clearly what protection it can provide UK companies in the interim period.
Building Engagement, Building Futures sets out the Government's strategy to improve the opportunities for young people so they gain the skills they need to secure an apprenticeship or employment. It includes radical reforms to schools, vocational education, skills and welfare provision, and has five priorities for action: (1) Raising attainment in school so that young people have the skills to compete in the global economy; (2) Helping local partners provide services that support all young people, putting the UK on track to achieve full participation for 16-17 year olds by 2015. (3) Encouraging employers to offer more high quality apprenticeships and work experience places; (4) Ensuring that work pays and giving young people the personalised support they need to find it, through Universal Credit, the Work Programme and the Get Britain Working measures; (5) Putting in place a new Youth Contract worth almost £1 billion over the next three years.
This White Paper sets out the government's policies for the reform of higher education. The reforms seek to tackle three challenges (i) Putting higher education on a sustainable footing; (ii) Seeking to deliver a better student experience - that is, improvements in teaching, assessment, feedback and preparing the student for the world of work; (iii) Pushing for higher education institutions to take more responsibility for increasing social mobility. The Paper is divided into six chapters, with an annex. Chapter 1: Sustainable and fair funding; Chapter 2: Well-informed students driving teaching excellence; Chapter 3: A better student experience and better-qualified graduates; Chapter 4: A diverse and responsive sector; Chapter 5: Improved social mobility through fairer access; Chapter 6: A new, fit-for-purpose regulatory framework. By shifting public spending away from teaching grants and towards repayable tuition loans, the government believes higher education will receive the funding it needs whilst making savings on public expenditure. The reforms aim to deliver a more responsive higher education sector in which funding follows the decisions of learners and successful institutions are freed to thrive. Also, creating an environment in which there is a new focus on the student experience and the quality of teaching and in which further education colleges and other alternative providers are encouraged to offer a diverse range of higher education provision. The Government, through the Office for Fair Access (OFFA), will be introducing a National Scholarship Programme and will also increase maintenance grants and loans for nearly all students. New Technology Innovation Centres will also be rolled out followed by publication of an innovation and research strategy, exploring the roles of knowledge creation, business investment, skills and training.
This Interim report on digital Britain has been produced by a Steering Board for two Government departments, the Department for Culture, Media and Sport and the Department for Business, Enterprise and Regulatory Reform. Divided into six sections, it looks specifically at the following areas: digital networks; digital content; universal connectivity and equipping everyone to benefit from digital Britain, along with an introduction and conclusion. The conclusion sets out a number of goals that the Government would like to aspire to by 2012 and before publishing a final report. Those goals include: universal participation in the broadband world; highly capable and robust networks; a world leading position in the communications and creative industries and a high quality digital delivery of essential public services. In all there are 24 recommendations within this report, and the Government has set out five key measures, which are: achievement of universal connectivity; a set of digital networks (wired and wireless); a digital economy; compelling programmes and online content; public service transactions which form part of the Government's objectives in acheiving the goals. Organisations and individuals interested in joining the discussion about digital Britain should register at digitalbritain@berr.gsi.gov.uk.
The post office network has been reduced to 12,000 post offices and outreach services, though the Government has set access criteria for the network to ensure that it covers the whole country. This report examines what services could be provided by the network to ensure its future viability and what people want from their post office network. There is no shortage of demand for more services. The network can and should provide: mail services; financial services (especially enhanced banking services); local authority services; central government services; and broader community services. Many of the problems facing the network are a consequence of the Government moving services online, and so reducing Post Office Ltd's income. The Committee believes the Government has seriously underestimated the potential of the network to serve as a link between government and its citizens. The Digital Britain report (Cm. 7650, ISBN 9780101765022) sees the internet as the primary means of access to public services. The Committee support e-delivery of public services but however much the Government may want to encourage digital inclusion, it also needs to prevent social exclusion. 40 per cent of households do not have internet access. Although some departments are seizing the opportunity a truly national network offers to allow easy access to their services, many government departments are woefully unimaginative about the needs of their customers, and show too little respect for members of the public's right to choose how to deal with the Government.
A 'Yes' vote for independence will break up the UK single market and in the short-term could leave Scottish businesses uncertain of their position in Europe, says the Business, Innovation and Skills Committee in this report. A protracted Scottish negotiation over EU membership, and the uncertain investment environment arising from a 'Yes' vote, will have a damaging impact on businesses in Scotland, as well as other parts of the UK. The Committee raises serious concerns that a 'Yes' vote may also leave Scotland facing a currency 'limbo' and in the short term unable to join a sterling currency union and without the prospect of adopting the Euro. Also, the Scottish Government's stated intention to renationalise the Royal Mail upon achieving independence is an un-costed aspiration, bereft of any detail of how it is to be paid for or how it would be done. The Committee also fears for the future of the Universal Postal Obligation in an independent Scotland with its continued survival likely to be secured only at significant additional cost. On higher education, the Committee explored the topics of student fees and UK research collaboration. The central plank of the Scottish Government's HE policy, to charge tuition fees to students from other parts of the UK, was likely to be illegal under EU law. The Committee also expressed concerns this policy would result in Scottish universities facing a financial shortfall, given the significant income currently received for non-domiciled UK students.
Incorporating HC 1843-i to 1843-vi, Session 2010-12. Additional written evidence is contained in Volume 3, available on the Committee website at www.parliament.uk/bis
The UK has the potential to be world leader in innovation. The strength of UK universities and the wider knowledge base is a national asset being the most productive in the G8. But the challenges are great. To succeed in the global innovation economy, the UK must strengthen its ability to accelerate the commercialization of emerging technologies, and to capture the value chains linked to these. We have already made clear our commitment by maintaining the annual £4.6 billion budget for science and research programmes, with £150 million each year support university-business interaction. The UK's universities are increasingly collaborating with each other and with external organization to develop and commercialise knowledge, last year securing over £3 billion from external sources. This paper outlines a series of measures to make it easier for individuals, businesses and the public sector to innovate alone or in partnership. As part of a package of support the Government is relaunching the popular Smart brand and will increase the funding to the Technology Strategy Board. Research Councils UK will establish a principles-based framework for the treatment and submission of multi-institutional funding bids. Also the Government will continue to look for other ways to encourage more relationships between universities and business and will work with NESTA to establish a price centre to run, design and facilitate new inducement prices. The Government has also commissioned independent groups of academics and publishers to review the availability of published research, and to develop action plans for making this freely available. It will also create an Open Data Institute to develop semantic web technologies.
There has been a significant improvement in economic relations between the UK and India since the 2006 report from the Trade and Industry Committee (HC 881-I, 3rd report session 2005-06, ISBN 9780215029355), which urged greater engagement with India. Both Government and private sector bodies have worked to achieve this. The sizeable investments and deals made both by Indian companies in the UK and British companies in India are encouraging signs of a deepening relationship which should benefit both countries. The establishment of the UK-India Business Council is perhaps the most tangible manifestation of this. This new report welcomes the improved climate, but identifies areas for further work. India's economy has recently enjoyed growth rates of around 9 per cent a year; it is possible this will slow slightly in 2008 and 2009. India faces significant challenges, such as real poverty, poor infrastructure and public sector bureaucracy. But the Indian market is liberalising and has much to offer. Not all the barriers to a deepened relationship are on the Indian side. The recommendations in this report on education links, on visas, on the future of JETCO, on the work of UKTI and on trade negotiations need to be seen against this wider backdrop.
The Government's commitment to increasing access to published research findings and its desire to achieve full open access are welcomed in this report from the Business, Innovation and Skills Committee. However, whilst Gold open access - where authors publish their articles in an open access journal that provides free immediate open access to all of its articles on the publisher's website - is a desirable ultimate goal, focusing on it during the transition to a fully open access world is a mistake. The Government and Research Council UK should reconsider their preference for Gold open access during the five year transition period, and give due regard to the evidence of the vital role that Green open access and repositories have to play as the UK moves towards full open access. (Authors opting for Green open access publish in any subscription journal, and then make their peer-reviewed final draft freely accessible online by self-archiving or depositing the article in a repository (either institutional or disciplinary) upon acceptance for publication.) Other recommendations include: promotion of standardisation and compliance across subject and institutional repositories; mitigation against the impact on universities of paying Article Processing Charges out of their own reserves; introduce a reduced VAT rate for e-journals; non-disclosure clauses should not be used in publishing contracts that include the use of public funds; BIS must review its consultation processes to ensure that lessons are learned from the lack of involvement of businesses, particularly SMEs, in the formation of open access policy
The Local Democracy, Economic Development and Construction Bill proposes substantial changes to the way that economic development policies are delivered. The four main proposals relating to economic development are: merging the existing regional economic and spatial strategies into a single integrated regional strategy, with local authorities and regional development agencies (RDAs) being jointly responsible for its drafting and agreement; giving local authorities the duty to undertake an economic assessment of their areas; devolving funding to local authorities to enable them, rather than RDAs, to deliver economic development policies; and encouraging collaboration between local authorities in delivering these policies. The Committee notes the strong support for a level of governance between central government and local authorities for the delivery of economic development policies and business support. The Committee would have liked more evidence about the effectiveness of RDAs and it is surprised the Government has proceeded with plans to restructure the way regional policy is made before the review of RDAs the Government has commissioned from PricewaterhouseCoopers is available. The Committee expresses concern over some proposals contained in the Bill: most importantly, there needs to be a proper balance between RDAs' business focus and the role of councillors in representing the views of their constituents. The proposals in the Bill about the relationship between RDAs and local authorities place too much weight on the views of RDAs and business interests, particularly during the drafting and agreement of the single integrated regional strategy. The role of local authorities - and of the communities they represent - must be strengthened. Many of the provisions of the Bill need clarifying.
Although the emirate’s economic growth can be primarily attributed to its vast hydrocarbons resources, it has also made progress diversifying into new sectors such as manufacturing, tourism, aerospace, defence, finance and logistics. In addition to its economic investments, Abu Dhabi has also made major contributions to social welfare as well as infrastructure, which has been identified as the bedrock for future growth. The government has played a key role in the expansion of the security, aerospace and defence industry over the past decade in an effort to strengthen the UAE’s defence capabilities and as a means of boosting economic diversification. Despite challenges such as a high level of regional competition, most local defence and aviation firms expect to see continued expansion for years to come. The evidence suggests that the emirate has succeeded in nurturing new economic sectors and is on track to meet its goals. The oil and gas sector accounted for 56.5% of Abu Dhabi’s GDP at current prices in 2012, followed by construction (9.6%), manufacturing (5.9%) and real estate (4.4%).
Employees should be entitled to ask for flexible working from the outset, not only after they have been in a job for six months, says the Report. Additionally, the Government should establish a voluntary Code of Practice to highlight best practice in the provision of quality part-time and flexible working, and must dispel the myth that any type of flexible working is problematic and cannot work. The Report also urges the Government to reconsider its decisions to introduce fees for pregnancy discrimination cases, and to 'call time' on the undertaking of Equality Impact Assessments. It further recommends that the questionnaire procedures in discrimination cases and the Public Sector Equality Duty should be retained in their current forms. The Committee notes that Government policy in these areas runs counter to its professed commitment to equality
The Government's response is to back the majority of the Panel's conclusions and work on their recommendations has already begun. The report stated that elitism in the professions and a lack of focus on careers in schools mean that bright young people from middle class as well as lower income backgrounds are being shut out from professional jobs. The Panel chaired by Alan Milburn MP, concluded that without action to address Britain's closed shop mentality, tomorrow's generation of talented young people will miss out on a new wave of social mobility. There were over 80 recommendations in the final report with social mobility to be the top social policy priority. This response includes plans to raise aspirations by focusing on four factors that impact on people's life chances: the care and development of children in their early years, the quality of our schools, continued and high quality education and training post 16 and the skills our workforce.
This White Paper represents the ambition of Government to promote innovation across society as a tool to develop and generate economic prosperity and improve the quality of life throughout the UK. The policies include proposals about how Government can use procurement and regulation to promote innovation in business and make the public sector and public services more innovative. The White Paper is in 10 chapters: The role of government; demanding innovation; supporting business innovation; the need for a strong and innovative research base; international innovation; innovative people; public sector innovation; innovative places and the innovation nation: next steps. An Annex sets out the development of this White Paper. Published alongside the White Paper is 'Implementing "The Race to the Top": Lord Sainsbury's review of Government's science and innovation' (ISBN 9780108507175). Lord Sainsbury's review published in October 2007 (HM Treasury, ISBN 9781845323561, http://www.hm-treasury.gov.uk/media/5/E/sainsbury_review051007.pdf) and also relevant is the 2008 Enterprise Strategy (http://www.hm-treasury.gov.uk/media/E/3/bud08_enterprise_524.pdf)
maintaining UK excellence in motorsport and aerospace, sixth report of session 2009-10, report, together with formal minutes, oral and written evidence
maintaining UK excellence in motorsport and aerospace, sixth report of session 2009-10, report, together with formal minutes, oral and written evidence
Motorsport and aerospace are two industries in which the United Kingdom is a world leader and the Committee believes that the future success of the UK economy will be based on these types of industries. Concerns regarding the aerospace included the current US complaint in the World Trade organisation and the Government's right to support the industry through Repayable Launch Investment; and that the UK aerospace sector has access to export trade credit at less favourable rates and through a more complex system than other countries. In examining the motorsport industry the Committee felt that there was a lack of understanding and effective engagement by Government. They are not content with the Government's current plans to take forward its work with the sector through the UK Automotive Council. Instead they recommend that the Government establish a dedicated motorsport policy team within the Department for Business, Innovation and Skills. Small and medium-sized enterprises also play a very important role in supporting both sectors but they have been hit worst by the recession and the Government needs to do more to encourage high performance engineering firms to diversify. Both sectors require a highly skilled workforce and more needs to be done to align the education system with the skills needs of the industries. Finally is the problem of the 'non-green' image that both industries have.
The May 2007 White Paper "Meeting the energy challenge: a white paper on energy" (Cm. 7124, ISBN 9780101712422) set out the Government's international and domestic strategy to address the two main challenges: tackling climate change by reducing carbon dioxide emissions; and ensuring clean and affordable energy as the country becomes increasingly dependent on imported fuel. An online consultation on nuclear power and the role of the private sector: www.direct.gov.uk/nuclearpower2007 was produced at the same time. This White Paper sets out the Government's decision taken in response to the consultation. The Government believes it is in the public interest that new nuclear power stations should have a role to play in the country's future energy mix alongside other low-carbon sources; that energy companies should have the option of investing in them; and that the Government should take active steps to open up the way to the construction of new nuclear power stations. It will be for the energy companies to fund, develop and build the new stations, including meeting the full costs of decommissioning and their full share of waste management costs. Section 1 summarises the consultation process. Section 2 addresses the key issues that arose from the consultation and how they have been taken into account in shaping policy and reaching conclusions. Section 3 outlines the facilitative actions the Government will take to reduce the regulatory and planning risks associated with investing in new nuclear power stations. Finally there are three annexes: alternatives to nuclear power; justification and strategic siting assessment processes; regulatory and advisory structure for nuclear power.
Despite thirty years of equal pay legislation, the gender pay gap remains, although it is narrowing. It is hard to eliminate, because men and women tend to work in different occupations and traditional female occupations tend to be lower paid and lower valued than men's. But such occupational segregation limits the pool of recruits available to employers. In its 2005 report, the Women and Work Commission (http://www.womenandequalityunit.gov.uk/publications/women_work_5threp.pdf) made 40 recommendations to tackle job segregation and the gender pay gap and this report seeks to examine what action has been taken to implement those recommendations and to identify any further steps needed. The report finds: there are insufficient training opportunities for women in non-traditional occupations and, until recently, little advice available for older women who want to change their work direction or who return after a break; the announced extension in apprenticeships is welcome but must not just follow traditional occupational breakdowns; it is important to address the undervaluation of 'traditional' women's jobs; the dearth of quality part-time jobs is a waste of the experience and skills of many older women and one of the main reasons for the persistence of the gender pay gap. The extension to the private sector of the gender equality duty imposed on the public sector from April 2007 could encourage greater transparency and positive action, but it is too still early to judge the success of this duty. It is clearly the case that the gender pay gap remains worryingly stubborn. The Committee recommends that if the pay gap continues to decline only slowly, the Government should look at further measures such as the extension of the gender equality duty and consider making pay audits mandatory.
This supporting document to Budget 2011 (HC 836, ISBN 9780102971033) sets out the Government's plan for sustainable, long-term economic growth for the UK economy. It sets out four ambitions that underpin this objective, these are: to create the most competitive tax system in the G20; to make the UK one of the best places in Europe to start, finance and grow a business; to encourage investment and exports as a route to a more balanced economy and to create a more educated workforce that is the most flexible in Europe. Growth review measures outlined in Chapter 2 cover these priority areas: planning; regulation; trade and inward investment; access to finance; competition; corporate governance; low carbon. The first phase of the review also examined eight sectors of the economy to remove the barriers to growth that affect them: advanced manufacturing; healthcare and life sciences; digital and creative industries; professional and business services; retail; construction; space; tourism.
The Government must commit to a 3 per cent target of GDP of research and development (R&D) spending by 2020 to ensure the UK doesn't lag behind international competitors. The BIS Committee finds that more than 30 years of under-investment in R&D has left the UK trailing countries such as the USA, Germany and France in science and innovation spending, threatening the opportunities for economic growth offered by the research excellence of the UK's world class university system. The Committee found the Catapult network has played a valuable role in harnessing the commercial benefits of science and innovation research. The Committee calls on the Government to back the recommendations of the recent Hauser Catapult review and expand the Catapult Network from the seven current centres to 20 by 2020 and 30 by 2030 and increase funding to Innovate UK. The Government needs to do more to bring businesses and universities together to realise the benefits of the cutting-edge research taking place across the country. The Committee recommends that the Government establish a respected and impartial way to measure and evaluate the success of its initiatives to increase R&D activity, such as by reintroduction of the R&D scoreboard. These measures, alongside an ambitious long-term vision for the innovation system, should be built into the forthcoming Science and Innovation strategy.
This report from the Business, Innovation and Skills Committee concludes that while the Government has proposed a number of interventions which have the potential to help promote economic growth, it does not add up to a comprehensive growth strategy. The report highlights the fact that in the absence of clear performance measurements the Department for Business, Innovation and Skills' strategy runs the risk that economic success could mask failures in policy while economic hardship could overshadow excellent strategies or interventions. The report argues that different sectors of the economy have different requirements when it comes to government support and that the Department will have to develop a strong awareness of the needs of individual sectors and have the flexibility to react to them if we are to build capability across all sectors of the economy. While the Government's growth strategy appears to move in this direction, evidence from three sectors has shown that much work needs to be done. The banks' role in providing finance to business is crucial to the success of the economy. The report believes that the agreement struck between Government and the banks (Project Merlin) is a step in the right direction but the agreement must be shown to deliver real benefits to industry. If the economic recovery is to be sustained then both Government and banks need to move quickly from rhetoric to meaningful of support to the private sector.
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