Even Steve Jobs didn't know what he had on his hands when he announced the original iPhone as a combination of a mere "three revolutionary products"--an iPod, a cell phone, and a keyboard-less handheld computer. Once Apple introduced the App Store and opened it up to outside developers, however, the iPhone became capable of serving a rapidly growing number of functions--now more than 200,000 and counting. But the iPhone has implications far beyond the phone or gadget market. In fact, it's opening the way to what Brian Chen calls the "always-on" future, where we are all constantly connected to a global Internet via flexible, incredibly capable gadgets that allow us to do anything, anytime, from anywhere. This has far-reaching implications--both positive and negative--throughout all areas of our lives, opening the door for incredible personal and societal advances while potentially sacrificing both privacy and creative freedom in the process. Always On is the first book to look at the surprising and expansive significance of Apple's incredibly powerful vertical business model, and the future it portends.
Fatigue in Friction Stir Welding provides knowledge on how to design and fabricate high performance, fatigue resistance FSW joints. It summarizes fatigue characterizations of key FSW configurations, including butt and lap-shear joints. The book's main focus is on fatigue of aluminum alloys, but discussions of magnesium, steel, and titanium alloys are also included. The FSW process-structure-fatigue performance relationships, including tool rotation, travel speeds, and pin tools are covered, along with sections on extreme fatigue conditions and environments, including multiaxial, variable amplitude, and corrosion effects on fatigue of the FSW. From a practical design perspective, appropriate fatigue design guidelines, including engineering and microstructure-sensitive modeling approaches are discussed. Finally, an appendix with numerous representative fatigue curves for design and reference purposes completes the work. - Provides a comprehensive characterization of fatigue behavior for various FSW joints and alloy combinations, along with an in-depth presentation on crack initiation and growth mechanisms - Presents the relationships between process parameters and fatigue behavior - Discusses modeling strategies and design recommendations, along with experimental data for reference purposes
Bones and Cartilage provides the most in-depth review ever assembled on the topic. It examines the function, development and evolution of bone and cartilage as tissues, organs and skeletal systems. It describes how bone and cartilage is developed in embryos and are maintained in adults, how bone reappears when we break a leg, or even regenerates when a newt grows a new limb, or a lizard a tail. This book also looks at the molecules and cells that make bones and cartilages and how they differ in various parts of the body and across species. It answers such questions as "Is bone always bone? "Do bones that develop indirectly by replacing other tissues, such as marrow, tendons or ligaments, differ from one another? "Is fish bone the same as human bone? "Can sharks even make bone? and many more.* Complete coverage of every aspect of bone and cartilage* Full of interesting and unusual facts* The only book available that integrates development and evolution of the skeleton* Treats all levels from molecular to clinical, embryos to evolution* Written in a lively, accessible style* Extensively illustrated and referenced* Integrates analysis of differentiation, growth and patterning* Covers all the vertebrates as well as invertebrate cartilages* Identifies the stem cells in embryos and adults that can make skeletal tissues
Merenstein & Gardner's Handbook of Neonatal Intensive Care, 8th Edition, is the leading resource for collaborative, interprofessional critical care of newborns. Co-authored by physicians and nurses, it offers concise, comprehensive coverage with a unique multidisciplinary approach and real-world perspective that make it an essential guide for both neonatal nurses and physicians. The 8th edition features the latest neonatal research, evidence, clinical guidelines, and practice recommendations - all in a practical quick-reference format for easy retrieval and review of key information. UNIQUE! Multidisciplinary author and contributor team consists of two physicians and two nurses, with each chapter written and reviewed by a physician-nurse team to ensure that information mirrors current, real-world practice in a neonatal intensive care unit. Critical Findings boxes and tables outline symptoms and diagnostic findings that require immediate attention, helping you prioritize assessment data and steps in initial care. UNIQUE! Clinical content highlighted in color allows you to quickly scan for information that directly affects patient care. UNIQUE! Parent Teaching boxes highlight relevant information to share with a patient's caregivers. Clinical images, graphs, and algorithms illustrate clinically relevant concepts in neonatal intensive care. Streamlined references include only the most current or classic sources. NEW! Coverage of the latest neonatal research, evidence, clinical guidelines, and practice recommendations addresses topics such as: women with chronic illnesses becoming pregnant; maternal obesity; hypotension and shock in premature infants; pain and sedation; dedicated feeding sets vs. IVs for safety; MRSA; pediatric stroke; autism screening; discharge coordination; and more. NEW! The latest AAP recommendations and guidelines for hypoglycemia, jaundice, herpes, respiratory syncytial virus, and neonatal transport team composition. EXPANDED! Revised Evidence-Based Clinical Practice chapter focuses on evidence-based practice and quality improvement and the role of qualitative research in EBP. EXPANDED! Updated Infection in the Neonate chapter features new GBS guidelines and CRP research.
Molecular, Cellular, and Metabolic Fundamentals of Human Aging provides researchers with an overview of the main aging mechanisms and physiology and how they can lead to age-related diseases and conditions. Topics covered include DNA damage and how ineffective repair can lead to cell and tissue aging and decreased functionality, loss of proteostasis, changes to feeding and fasting pathways, mitochondrial dysfunction, the impact of decreased ability of autophagosomes and autophagosomes, cellular senescence, changes to communication molecules, and the impact of stem cell exhaustion. The book also considers the impact of aging within the immune system, the relationship between aging and diseases such as cancers and neurodegenerative conditions, and provides an overview on the dialogue surrounding the topic of aging beyond basic biology. - Covers the basic hallmarks of aging and their relevance in various diseases, such as cancer and Alzheimer's disease - Discusses the impact of genetic damage and how changes in genetic expression patterns affect the process of aging - Highlights recurring themes and key principles shared across the hallmarks of aging - Considers NAD+ depletion and defective autophagy as emerging aspects that impact human aging
The past 25 years has seen the emergence of a wealth of data suggesting that novel biological functions of known proteins play important roles in biology and medicine. This ability of proteins to exhibit more than one unique biological activity is known as protein moonlighting. Moonlighting proteins can exhibit novel biological functions, thus extending the function of the proteome, and are also implicated in the pathology of a growing number of idiopathic and infectious diseases. This book, written by a cell biologist, protein evolutionary biologist and protein bioinformatician, brings together the latest information on the structure, evolution and biological function of the growing numbers of moonlighting proteins that have been identified, and their roles in human health and disease. This information is revealing the enormous importance protein moonlighting plays in the maintenance of human health and in the induction of disease pathology. Protein Moonlighting in Biology and Medicine will be of interest to a general readership in the biological and biomedical research community.
Encyclopedia of Ecology, Second Edition, Four Volume Set continues the acclaimed work of the previous edition published in 2008. It covers all scales of biological organization, from organisms, to populations, to communities and ecosystems. Laboratory, field, simulation modelling, and theoretical approaches are presented to show how living systems sustain structure and function in space and time. New areas of focus include micro- and macro scales, molecular and genetic ecology, and global ecology (e.g., climate change, earth transformations, ecosystem services, and the food-water-energy nexus) are included. In addition, new, international experts in ecology contribute on a variety of topics. Offers the most broad-ranging and comprehensive resource available in the field of ecology Provides foundational content and suggests further reading Incorporates the expertise of over 500 outstanding investigators in the field of ecology, including top young scientists with both research and teaching experience Includes multimedia resources, such as an Interactive Map Viewer and links to a CSDMS (Community Surface Dynamics Modeling System), an open-source platform for modelers to share and link models dealing with earth system processes
Comprehensive, user-friendly, and up to date, Chestnut's Obstetric Anesthesia: Principles and Practice, 6th Edition, provides the authoritative clinical information you need to provide optimal care to your patients. This substantially revised edition keeps you current on everything from basic science to anesthesia techniques to complications, including coverage of new research that is paving the way for improved patient outcomes. An expert editorial team ensures that this edition remains a must-have resource for obstetric anesthesiologists and obstetricians, nurse anesthetists and anesthesiology assistants, and anesthesiology and obstetric residents and students. - Presents the latest information on anesthesia techniques for labor and delivery and medical disorders that occur during pregnancy, emphasizing the treatment of the fetus and the mother as separate patients with distinct needs. - Contains new chapters on shared decision-making in obstetric anesthesia and chronic pain during and after pregnancy. - Features extensive revisions from cover to cover, including consolidated information on maternal infection and postoperative analgesia. - Covers key topics such as neonatal assessment and resuscitation, pharmacology during pregnancy and lactation, use of nitrous oxide for labor analgesia, programmed intermittent epidural bolus (PIEB) technique, epidural analgesia-associated fever, the role of gastric ultrasonography to assess the risk of aspiration, sugammadex in obstetric anesthesia, the role of video laryngoscopy and new supraglottic airway devices, spinal dysraphism, and cardiac arrest in obstetric patients. - Incorporates the latest guidelines on congenital heart disease and the management of sepsis, as well as difficult airway guidelines that are specific to obstetric anesthesia practice. - Offers abundant figures, tables, and boxes that illustrate the step-by-step management of a full range of clinical scenarios. - Enhanced eBook version included with purchase. Your enhanced eBook allows you to access all of the text, figures, and references from the book on a variety of devices.
This eighteenth volume of the Evidence-based Clinical Chinese Medicine series aims to provide a multi-faceted 'whole evidence' analysis of the management of pain due to a range of cancers (cancer pain) using integrative Chinese medicine.Beginning with an overview of how cancer pain is conceptualised and managed in conventional medicine, the authors then summarise the differential diagnosis and managment of cancer pain in contemporary Chinese medicine based on clinical guidelines and contemporary books. The third chapter provides detailed analyses of how cancer pain and related disorders were treated with herbal medicine and acupuncture in past eras based on the classical Chinese medical literature.The subsequent chapters comprehensively review the current state of the clinical trial evidence for the integrative application of Chinese herbal medicines (Chapter 5), acupuncture (Chapter 7), other Chinese medicine therapies (Chapter 8) and combination Chinese medicine therapies (Chapter 9) in the management of cancer pain, as well as analyse and evaluate the results of these studies from an evidence-based medicine perspective. Chapter 6 reviews and summarises experimental evidence for the bioactivity of commonly used Chinese herbs and their constituent compounds. The outcomes of these analyses are summarised and discussed in Chapter 10 which alsoidentifies implications for the clinical practice of Chinese medicine and for future research.This book can inform clinicians and students in the fields of integrative medicine and Chinese medicine regarding contemporary practice and the current evidence base for a range of Chinese medicine therapies used in the management of cancer pain, including herbal formulas and acupuncture treatments, in order to assist clinicians in making evidence-based decisions in patient care. It also provides researchers with a comprehensive summary of the state of the field than can inform future.The following features mark the importance of this book in the field:
Sustainability is a key framework for analyzing biological systems—and turfgrass is no exception. It is part of a complex that encompasses turfgrass interactions with different environments and the suitability of different turfgrasses for specific environments. In addition to its biological role, turfgrass—in the form of lawns, green spaces, and playing surfaces—brings beneficial sociological effects to an increasingly urbanized society. This book presents a comprehensive overview of current knowledge and issues in the field of turfgrass research and management, including the genetics and breeding, the diseases and pests, and the ecology of turfgrasses, and will appeal to a broad spectrum of readers.
This book puts emphasis on the isolation, taxonomy, diagnosis (phenotypic, serology and molecular biology), epizootiology, pathogenicity mechanisms, and methods of disease control (by vaccination, immunostimulation, probiotics, prebiotics, plant products, and antimicrobial compounds. Co-infections, which are attributed to more than one microbial species have been discussed. Shortcomings in knowledge have been highlighted. This sixth edition is the successor to the original version, first published in 1987, and which fills the need for an up-to-date comprehensive text on the biological aspects of the bacterial taxa which cause disease in finfish. The book is primarily targeted at researcher workers, including postgraduate students, and diagnosticians. It is anticipated that the readership will include veterinary microbiologists, public health scientists and microbial ecologists.
The ninth volume of Evidence-based Clinical Chinese Medicine aims to provide a multi-faceted 'whole evidence' analysis of the management of vascular dementia in Chinese and integrative medicine.Beginning with overviews of how vascular dementia is conceptualized and managed in both conventional medicine and contemporary Chinese medicine, the authors then provide detailed analyses of how dementia and memory disorders were treated with herbal medicine and acupuncture in past eras.The subsequent chapters comprehensively review the current state of the clinical trial evidence for Chinese herbal medicines, acupuncture and other Chinese medicine therapies in the management of vascular dementia, as well as analyse and evaluate the results of these studies from an evidence-based medicine perspective. The outcomes of these analyses are summarised and discussed in terms of their implications for the clinical practice of Chinese medicine and for future research.The authors are internationally recognized, well-respected leaders in the field of Chinese medicine and evidence-based medicine with strong track records in research.This book can inform clinicians and students in the fields of integrative and Chinese medicine of the current state of the evidence for a range of Chinese medicine therapies in vascular dementia, including the use of particular herbal formulas and acupuncture treatments in order to assist clinicians in making evidence-based decisions in patient care.This book provides:By providing all this information in one handy, easy to use reference, this book allows practitioners to focus on providing high quality health care, with the knowledge it is based on the best available evidence.
The only comprehensive guide to the clinical management of hematologic and lymphatic cancers 4 STAR DOODY'S REVIEW! "This will be an ideal and a must-have book for anyone involved in the daily care of patients with hematologic malignancies. It would be particularly useful for physicians-in-training trying to make sense of the ever more complicated treatment plans for these patients....This is a unique book that provides easily accessible information that would be useful to almost any practicing oncologist or hematologist."--Doody's Review Service Filling an unmet need in the clinical literature, this commanding, just-in-time reference sheds light on the full spectrum of cancers in the blood, bone marrow, and lymphatic system (leukemia, lymphoma, myeloma). Clinical Malignant Hematology is edited by staff members from the renowned Taussig Cancer Center at the Cleveland Clinic, which has pioneered some of the most important clinical discoveries and treatment trends in recent years. Look inside and you'll see a consistent, unified patient management strategy in each chapter, as well as a streamlined three-section format that expertly examines ontogeny and physiology of blood cells, myeloid neoplasia, and lymphoid neoplasia. You'll also find never-before-published perspectives and precise recommendations for dosing and other critical areas that reflect the latest scholarship of this increasingly vital field. Features Full coverage of all treatment modalities --chemotherapy, monoclonal antibodies, and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation Strong background chapters that offer guidance on how to address treatment complications and other supportive care issues A detailed, regimen-based orientation in each chapter Abundance of clinical pictures and photomicrographs displaying examples of peripheral blood smears and bone marrow aspirates Uniform headings and tables in each chapter, which convey specific recommendations on the work-up, staging, diagnosis, differential diagnosis, and treatment of hematologic malignancies Nearly 200 illustrations
Heme oxygenase is an enzyme which breaks down heme, the iron-containing oxygen-carrying constituent of the red blood cells. Heme must be synthesised and degraded within an individual nucleated cell, as heme is essential for the maintenance of cellular homeostasis by sensing or using oxygen. Physiological heme degradation is catalysed by the two functional isozymes of heme oxygenase, heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) and HO-2, yielding CO, iron, and biliverdin IX N. Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), has potent anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant and anti-proliferative effects, is up-regulated by multiple stimuli and provides protection against oxidative stress. HO-1 also plays an important role in the regulation of cardiovascular function and is involved in many other diseases such as sickle cell disease. This new book brings together leading research from around the world in this field.
The neural crest is a remarkable embryonic population of cells found only in vertebrates and has the potential to give rise to many different cell types contributing throughout the body. These derivatives range from the mesenchymal bone and cartilage comprising the facial skeleton, to neuronal derivatives of the peripheral sensory and autonomic nervous systems, to melanocytes throughout the body, and to smooth muscle of the great arteries of the heart. For these cells to correctly progress from an unspecifi ed, nonmigratory population to a wide array of dynamic, differentiated cell types-some of which retain stem cell characteristics presumably to replenish these derivatives-requires a complex network of molecular switches to control the gene programs giving these cells their defi ning structural, enzymatic, migratory, and signaling capacities. This review will bring together current knowledge of neural crest-specifi c transcription factors governing these progressions throughout the course of development. A more thorough understanding of the mechanisms of transcriptional control in differentiation will aid in strategies designed to push undifferentiated cells toward a particular lineage, and unraveling these processes will help toward reprogramming cells from a differentiated to a more naive state. Table of Contents: Introduction / AP Genes / bHLH Genes / ETS Genes / Fox Genes / Homeobox Genes / Hox Genes / Lim Genes / Pax Genes / POU Domain Genes / RAR/RXR Genes / Smad Genes / Sox Genes / Zinc Finger Genes / Other Miscellaneous Genes / References / Author Biographies
Chronic disease states of aging should be viewed through the prism of metabolism and biophysical processes at all levels of physiological organization present in the human body. This book connects these insights to what causes them to go awry in the context of unhealthy human behaviors and aging, aiming to buttress scientific creativity. It also provides links between the art and science of medicine that strengthens problem-solving in patient care. New and important discoveries in the area of metabolic health and metabolic diseases are discussed in exquisite detail. Key Features: Broad and up-to-date overview of the field of metabolic aspects of health and chronic disease development, especially connecting the spectrum of topics that range from molecular clocks to stress response to nuclear hormone receptors and the role of microbiota in human health Provides a deeper basic science and interdisciplinary understanding of biological systems that broaden the perspectives and therapeutic problem solving by elaborating on the usefulness of the Physiological Fitness Landscape Describes the importance of insulin resistance in metabolic disease, especially diabetes but also includes links to cancer and Alzheimer’s disease Examines the process of aging from the perspective of metabolic decline illustrating it with the Physiological Fitness Landscape This book, the second volume in a two-volume set, primarily targets an audience of clinical and science students, biomedical researchers and physicians who would benefit from understanding each other’s language.
This book offers a unique guide to the three-dimensional (3D) printing of metals. It covers various aspects of additive, subtractive, and joining processes used to form three-dimensional parts with applications ranging from prototyping to production. Examining a variety of manufacturing technologies and their ability to produce both prototypes and functional production-quality parts, the individual chapters address metal components and discuss some of the important research challenges associated with the use of these technologies. As well as exploring the latest technologies currently under development, the book features unique sections on electron beam melting technology, material lifting, and the importance this science has in the engineering context. Presenting unique real-life case studies from industry, this book is also the first to offer the perspective of engineers who work in the field of aerospace and transportation systems, and who design components and manufacturing networks. Written by the leading experts in this field at universities and in industry, it provides a comprehensive textbook for students and an invaluable guide for practitioners
The current volume continues the tradition of the Organic Syntheses series, providing carefully checked and edited experimental procedures that describe important synthetic methods, transformations, reagents, and synthetic building blocks or intermediates with demonstrated utility in organic synthesis. These significant and interesting procedures should prove worthwhile to many synthetic chemists working in increasingly diverse areas. A trusted guide for professionals in organic and medicinal chemistry in academia, government, and industries, including pharmaceuticals, fine chemicals, agrochemicals, and biotechnological products.
The accessible compendium of polymers in carbon nanotubes (CNTs) Carbon nanotubes (CNTs)—extremely thin tubes only a few nanometers in diameter but able to attain lengths thousands of times greater—are prime candidates for use in the development of polymer composite materials. Bringing together thousands of disparate research works, Carbon Nanotube-Polymer Composites: Manufacture, Properties, and Applications covers CNT-polymers from synthesis to potential applications, presenting the basic science and engineering of this dynamic and complex area in an accessible, readable way. Designed to be of use to polymer scientists, engineers, chemists, physicists, and materials scientists, the book covers carbon nanotube fundamentals to help polymer experts understand CNTs, and polymer physics to help those in the CNT field, making it an invaluable resource for anyone working with CNT-polymer composites. Detailed chapters describe the mechanical, rheological, electrical, and thermal properties of carbon nanotube-polymer composites. Including a glossary that defines key terms, Carbon Nanotube-Polymer Composites is essential reading for anyone looking to gain a fundamental understanding of CNTs and polymers, as well as potential and current applications, including electronics (shielding and transparent electrodes), flame retardants, and electromechanics (sensors and actuators), and their challenges.
In the concluding chapter of his famous book on the theory of evolution by natural selection, Charles Darwin (1859) remarked that: When the views entertained in this volume on the origin of species, or when analogous views are generally admitted, we can dimly foresee that there will be a considerable revolution in natural history. This proved, of course, to be completely correct. At present there is a great divergence of opinion about the general importance of natural selection in the evolutionary process. Nevertheless, biologists are, on the whole, united in their acceptance of the potential power of selection in changing populations. Given this situation, it is not surprising to find that many attempts to detect the effects of natural selection have been made since the time of Darwin. This area of study has been called ecological genetics. It involves the collection of data of various kinds and, in many cases, the development of special methods for analysing these data. This book is a summary of methods for data analysis, concentrating on those that are applicable to animal populations, particularly wild populations.
The landmark text that has served generations of obstetrician-gynecologists—fully updated with the most current perspectives of the field A Doody's Core Title for 2023! Williams Obstetrics has defined the discipline for generations of obstetrician-gynecologists. Written by authors from the nationally renowned University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center and Parkland Hospital, the new edition of this authoritative, evidence-based work maintains its trademark comprehensive coverage and applicability at the bedside, while offering the most current information and insights. The culmination of a century of clinical thought, Williams Obstetrics, 26th Edition delivers expert coverage of obstetrical complications, such as preterm labor, pregnancy-related hypertension, infection, and hemorrhage. It additionally offers foundational content on reproductive anatomy, physiology, and prenatal care. The authors have enhanced this edition with 1,000+ full-color illustrations, plus an increased emphasis on the fast-growing subspecialty of Maternal-Fetal Medicine. No other text matches the long-established scientific rigor and accessibility of Williams Obstetrics. With its state-of-the-art design and review of the newest advances and protocols, this not-be-missed clinical companion brings positive outcomes within reach. New and updated content includes: Increased focus on Maternal-Fetal Medicine Greater coverage of hypertension and hemorrhage Deeper insights into in-utero complications Expanded fetal t section includes cutting-edge fetal imaging, genetics, prenatal diagnosis, and fetal disorders and therapy Basic science, physiology of labor, preterm labor updated with contemporaneous publications in the literature More obstetrical sonography figures Eye-catching illustrations, including updated graphs, sonograms, MRIs, photographs, and photomicrographs
An intriguing, definitive analysis of technology's current "all-in-one" revolution, and a serious reflection on the social implications of an "always on" society.
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