The sustainable development of ger areas in Ulaanbaatar, the capital of Mongolia, is one of the critical development issues facing the country. The ger areas host 60% of the population of Ulaanbaatar, and they have expanded 35 times larger than the original center of the city. Provision of basic services (e.g. heating and water supply) is very limited or non-existent in ger areas. The lack of basic public services resulted in air and water pollution as well as serious health risks to residents. The government tries to control expansion of the city, particularly ger areas, but its policy practices have been inconsistent. These inconsistent actions are, in part, a result of limited awareness and understanding by the general public, as well as by the policy makers, of the public costs of their actions. There is high susceptibility to ad-hoc behaviors that place premiums on short-term private gains over long-term value-creation in public goods. Many supporting mechanisms, including land valuation and taxation, have not yet been developed to create incentives for long-term value creation. Mongolia: Enhancing Policies and Practices for Ger Area Development in Ulaanbaatar aims at helping policy makers and citizens of Ulaanbaatar to improve their understanding of the consequences of their choices of policies and practices. Specifically, it intends to provide clear cost and benefit implications of three different development paths (central, mid-tier, and fringe gers) for seven sectors (land and housing, water supply, roads and public transport, heating, electricity, solid waste, and social services). The report is a best practice in urban planning exercise which provides useful information that can apply for other big cities.
Originally setting out to write the very book that he would have wanted to own as a young infantryman, the author penned On Tactics as a remedy for navigating the chaotic and inchoate realm of tactical theory. Challenging centuries-old conventional wisdom regarding the principles of war, tactics, and the roles of strategy, doctrine, experiential learning, and military history, Friedman's work offers a striking synthesis of thinking on tactics as well as strategy. Part One of the book establishes a tactical system meant to replace the Principles of War checklist. First, the contextual role of tactics with regards to strategy and war will be established. This will necessarily lean on major strategic theories in order to illuminate the role of tactics. This section will be formed around the Physical, Mental, and Moral planes of battlefield interaction used by theorists such as J.F.C Fuller and John Boyd. Each plane will then be examined in turn, and many of the classic Principles of War will be discussed along with some new ones. It will present some standard methods that tacticians can use to gain an advantage on the battlefield using historical examples that illustrate each concept. These "tactical tenets" include maneuver, mass, firepower, tempo, surprise, deception, confusion, shock, and the role of the moral aspects of combat. Finally, Part One will circle back around by discussing the role of tactical victory- once achieved- in contributed to a strategy. Part One is short by design. It is intended to be both compelling and easily mastered for junior non-commissioned officers and company grade officers, while still rich enough to be interesting to both specialist and non-specialist academics. It is a book meant not just for bookshelves but also for ruck sacks and cargo pockets. Part Two builds on Part One by exploring concepts with which the tactician must be familiar with such as the culminating point of victory, mission tactics and decentralized command and control, offensive and defensive operations, and the initiative. Part Three will conclude the book examining implications of the presented tactical systems to a variety of other issues in strategic studies.
Java and XML share many features that are ideal for building Web-based enterprise applications. This manual shows how to put the two together, building applications in which both the code and the data are truly portable.
Un nueva aventura del personaje creado por Todd McFarlane. A medida que crece el grupo de aliados de GUNSLINGER, con Taylor en camino de convertirse en un guerrero y la misteriosa Dakota uniéndose al equipo, Javi comienza a reconsiderar su misión. Sin embargo, la enfermedad se está extendiendo por el cuerpo de Taylor, y el poder angelical está empezando a corromperlo. Y Waya, el viejo amigo de Gunslinger, es su única esperanza para luchar contra esa corrupción. Gunslinger empieza a estar cansado de su vida en el futuro y envía un mensaje a SPAWN exigiendo que lo envíe de regreso, o de lo contrario habrá problemas. Pero por ahora, debe averiguar quién o qué está causando la enfermedad que aún corre por las venas de Taylor, ya que puede matarlo si no se controla. Además, Gunslinger debe tomar una decisión difícil en relación con la verdadera identidad de DAKOTA y si puede confiar en ella o si debe meterle una bala en la cabeza. En este volumen se recopilan los números 19 a 24 de GUNSLINGER SPAWN. Presenta una historia del creador de Spawn, Todd McFarlane, y el increíble dibujo de Brett Booth.
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