The 3 largest Fed. disability programs providing cash assistance, which are admin. by the Social Sec. Admin. (SSA) and the VA, in 2001 collectively provided $89 billion in cash benefits to 10 mill. adults with a physical or mental condition that reduced their earning capacity. SSA administers both the Disability Insur. (DI) program and the Supplemental Security Income (SSI) program. In the past the DI, SSI, and VA programs have been reported as being out-of-step with med. and tech. advances. This report reviews the extent to which DI, SSI, and VA's disability criteria have been updated based on: scientific advances, incl. med. and tech. innovations; and labor market changes, incl. the growth in service- and knowledge-based industries over mfg.-based industries.