Since its first description (1841) the identity of West syndrome was deeply investigated and is now recognized as an epileptic syndrome in infancy (ILAE Task Force, 1989). West syndrome has become a paradigmatic model of an epileptic syndrome causing neurological deterioration (epileptic encephalopathy) and the object of a number of studies aimed at understanding the complex relationships between an epileptic disorder and neurodevelopment. Although the symptomatic triad (peculiar electrographic findings named hypsarrhythmia, brief tonic spasms, and arrest of psychomotor development) that characterizes the syndrome suggests a unique pathogenetic mechanism, causal heterogeneity heavily influences syndrome variability in terms of neurodevelopment, treatment choices, management and, possibly, electroclinical semiology. Important insights may arise for that might help developing models of epileptic encephalopathies in the basic sciences. However, a more immediate benefit may arise for clinicians in everyday practice. A group of clinical researchers recently met in Rome to discuss hot points concerning infantile spasms and West syndrome. Their contributions were collected and are presented in this book that we hope will contribute to the progress of knowledge of this paradigmatic epileptic disorder.
Saturdays are special days for Isabel. She spends the day with her lively aunts who shower her with love and special attention As Isabel enters her aunts' house one Saturday morning, she is greeted by Tía Dulce and the savory scent of cinnamon. Isabel wonders what she will learn to cook today. After Isabel helps Tía Dulce make a special snack, Tía Rosa and Isabel steal away for a special beauty hour. Tía Rosa's closet and jewelry box are a treasure trove full of fancy shoes, dresses, make-up, and jewelry. When she's all dressed up, Isabel runs to her Tía Clara who exclaims, "You're dressed for dancing!" Together they twirl to the rhythm of the music, working up an appetite for their special afternoon snack. With vibrant illustrations by Christina Rodriguez, IsabelÍs day with her aunts will delight children ages 3-7 who will identify with time spent learning and laughing with loving relatives. And for those children-and adults too-who want to make their own special afternoon snack, Un día con mis tías / A Day with My Aunts contains a recipe for meat empanadas in both English and Spanish.
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