Language Planning from Practice to Theory examines and reviews the field of language policy and planning. In the first section of the book language policy and planning definitions, current practices, goals and ways of thinking are discussed as a foundation for understanding current practice in the discipline. The central elements of language policy and planning practice are then described from two perspectives. In the second section, the methodology for collecting language planning data is outlined and the key cross-societal issues of language-in-education planning, literacy and economics in language planning are discussed. In the third section, case studies related to language and power, bilingualism and status and specific purpose issues in language planning are covered. The final two chapters draw together the critical issues and problems which have arisen from current practice and which must be considered in building a theory of the discipline. A reference appendix to language planning in national situations is included. The book provides the only up-to-date overview and review of the field of language policy and planning and challenges language planners to think more critically about their discipline. Since language will be planned, there is a need to consider how it will be done.
This book undertakes a general framework within which to consider the complex nature of the writing task in English, both as a first, and as a second language. The volume explores varieties of writing, different purposes for learning to write extended text, and cross-cultural variation among second-language writers. The volume overviews textlinguistic research, explores process approaches to writing, discusses writing for professional purposes, and contrastive rhetoric. It proposes a model for text construction as well as a framework for a more general theory of writing. Later chapters, organised around seventy-five themes for writing instruction are devoted to the teaching of writing at the beginning, intermediate, and advanced levels. Writing assessment and other means for responding to writing are also discussed. William Grabe and Robert Kaplan summarise various theoretical strands that have been recently explored by applied linguists and other writing researchers, and draw these strands together into a coherent overview of the nature of written text. Finally they suggest methods for the teaching of writing consistent with the nature, processes and social context of writing.
The essays and research papers in this collection explore current issues in Language Education, English for Academic Purposes, Contrastive Discourse Analysis, and Language Policy and Planning, and outline promising directions for theory and practice in applied linguistics. The collection also honours the life-long contribution of Robert B. Kaplan to the field.
First published in 1984. The authors’ basic aim in this volume has been to set forth a certain perspective on psychological phenomena and to show how this perspective enables one to order and integrate data on symbolization and language behavior—data obtained by a variety of methods and garnered from domains that are too often treated in isolation from each other.
In an age of financial globalization, are markets and democracy compatible? For developing countries, the dramatic internationalization of financial markets over the last two decades deepens tensions between politics and markets. Notwithstanding the rise of left-leaning governments in regions like Latin America, macroeconomic policies often have a neoliberal appearance. When is austerity imposed externally and when is it a domestic political choice? By combining statistical tests with extensive field research across Latin America, this book examines the effect of financial globalization on economic policymaking. Kaplan argues that a country's structural composition of international borrowing and its individual technocratic understanding of past economic crises combine to produce dramatically different outcomes in national policy choices. Incorporating these factors into an electoral politics framework, the book then challenges the conventional wisdom that political business cycles are prevalent in newly democratizing regions. This book is accessible to a broad audience and scholars with an interest in the political economy of finance, development and democracy, and Latin American politics.
Their mutual interest in the Ethiopian Jews, as well as a series of unique circumstances, led them to join forces to produce this engrossing and handsomely illustrated volume. But this is not a book about the journey of the Ethiopian Jews; rather it is a chronicle of their experiences once they reached their destination. In Ethiopia, they were united by a shared faith and a broad network of kinship ties that served as the foundation of their rural communal society. They observed a form of religion based on the Bible that included customs such as the isolation of women during menstruation, long abandoned by Jewish communities elsewhere in the world. Suddenly transplanted, they are becoming rapidly and aggressively assimilated. Thrust from isolated villages without electricity or running water into the urban bustle of modern, postindustrial society, Ethiopian Jews have seen their family relationships radically transformed.
From her first bite, young Betty Bunny likes chocolate cake so much that she claims she will marry it one day, and she has trouble learning to wait patiently until she can have her next taste.
This volume is the result of a three-year study that investigated the factors associated with the implementation of program changes in a nonprofit community welfare agency. It addresses factors such as administration behavior and perception, its effect on board members, mobility orientation, job satisfaction, and the prediction of program change and will be of interest to management in both the private and non-profit sector as well as students of organizational sociology and psychology.
The Oxford Handbook of Applied Linguistics contains 39 original chapters on a broad range of topics in applied linguistics by a diverse group of contributors. Its goal is to provide a comprehensive survey of the current state of the field, the many connections among its various sub-disciplines, and the likely directions of its future development. The Oxford Handbook of Applied Linguistics addresses a broad audience: applied linguists; educators and other scholars working in language acquisition, language learning, language planning, teaching, and testing; and linguists concerned with applications of their work. Systematically encompassing the major areas of applied linguistics-and drawing from a wide range of disciplines such as education, language policy, bi- and multi-lingualism, literacy, language and gender, neurobiology of language, psycholinguistics and cognition, language and computers, discourse analysis, language and concordances, ecology of language, pragmatics, translation, and many other fields, the editors and contributors to The Oxford Handbook of Applied Linguistics provide a panoramic and comprehensive look at this complex and vigorous field. This second edition includes five new chapters, and the remaining chapters have been thoroughly revised and updated to give a clear picture of the current state of applied linguistics.
Applause! Applause! And wasn't it easy! Even non-musical teachers will love using this simple musical play. Children will bring stories to life through drama, music, art, language, and gross motor activities. Each book contains a CD (print books) or audio files (eBooks) and a resource guide loaded with songs, music, and step-by-step directions for classroom use or performance. The CD and audio files contain both songs with lyrics, and piano accompaniment only. This play is loaded with wonderful music and catchy lyrics that children will want to sing again and again!
Applause! Applause! And wasn't it easy! Even non-musical teachers will love using this simple musical play. Children will bring stories to life through drama, music, art, language, and gross motor activities. Each book contains a CD (print books) or audio files (eBooks) and a resource guide loaded with songs, music, and step-by-step directions for classroom use or performance. The CD and audio files contain both songs with lyrics, and piano accompaniment only. This play is loaded with wonderful music and catchy lyrics that children will want to sing again and again!
As director of a training program in medical informatics, I have found that one of the most frequent inquiries from graduate students is, "Although I am happy with my research focus and the work I have done, how can I design and carry out a practical evaluation that proves the value of my contribution?" Informatics is a multifaceted, interdisciplinary field with research that ranges from theoretical developments to projects that are highly applied and intended for near-term use in clinical settings. The implications of "proving" a research claim accordingly vary greatly depending on the details of an individual student's goals and thesis state ment. Furthermore, the dissertation work leading up to an evaluation plan is often so time-consuming and arduous that attempting the "perfect" evaluation is fre quently seen as impractical or as diverting students from central programming or implementation issues that are their primary areas of interest. They often ask what compromises are possible so they can provide persuasive data in support of their claims without adding another two to three years to their graduate student life. Our students clearly needed help in dealing more effectively with such dilem mas, and it was therefore fortuitous when, in the autumn of 1991, we welcomed two superb visiting professors to our laboratories.
The authors surveyed over 9,000 seventh grade students in the Houston Independent School District up to three times during their junior high school years and once as young adults between 1971 and 1980. Drawing on the extensive data gathered from this longitudinal survey, Kaplan and Johnson develop and test a comprehensive theoretical statement about the social and social psychological processes involved in the onset and course of deviant behavior.
This book is about human behavior and, more particularly, about a class of human behaviors-those behaviors by people that have themselves as the object of their behaviors. These self-referent behaviors are social in nature in the sense that in large measure, they are the outcomes of pervasive social processes and are themselves major influences on social outcomes. As such, self-referent behaviors have the potential to be sig nificant organizing constructs in the study of the broader field of social psychology. In any case, they are regarded here as of intrinsic interest and are the focus of this volume. Four broad categories of self-referent behaviors are considered with regard to their social bases and conse quences as these are revealed in the social psychological and sociological literature. With appropriate discriminations made within each group ing, the four categories are: self-conceiving, self-evaluating, self-feeling, and self-protective-self-enhancing responses. Following a consideration of the social antecedents and consequences of each category of self referent behaviors, I present a final summary statement that outlines a theoretical model of the additive and interactive social influences on and consequences of the mutually influential self-referent behaviors. The outline of the theoretical model reflects my synthesis of the apparently relevant theoretical and empirical literature and is intended to function as a framework for the orderly incorporation of new theoretical asser tions and more or less apparently relevant empirical associations.
This book is the first to link the modern appreciation for democratic freedom directly to Jewish political thought in seventeenth-century Amsterdam. The modern appreciation for democratic values is often assumed to have its roots in Classical thought. However, democracy has taken various forms in its progression to the governance many countries now employ. Working in dialog with Protestants, Jewish thinkers voiced the first Modern appeal for the reestablishment of a Jewish polity in the Holy Land. This appeal was grounded in a vision of a Jewish state governed by individual liberty and popular consent, which could be defined as a democratic Zionism. The book focuses on influential rabbi Saul Levi Morteira (b. ca. 1590-d. 1660), as well as two of the most renowned members of his congregation, Baruch Spinoza and Miguel de Barrios. Unlike contemporary Catholic and Protestant thinkers, these three intellectuals found democratic values in an Old Testament polity that came to be revered as the Hebrew Republic. The book explores the trajectory by which this democratization of the Hebrew Republic evolved in the writings of Morteira as an alternative to divine-right rule. It then shows that, in spite of their divergent views toward practicing Judaism, Spinoza and Barrios disseminated Morteira’s democratic ideas and promoted the Hebrew Republic as a model polity for a post-medieval political order. This book will be of great use to scholars of Judaism and Jewish philosophy in the modern era, medieval and early modern Spanish literature, as well as religious, political and intellectual history.
Applause! Applause! And wasn't it easy! Even non-musical teachers will love using this simple musical play. Children will bring stories to life through drama, music, art, language, and gross motor activities. Each book contains a CD (print books) or audio files (eBooks) and a resource guide loaded with songs, music, and step-by-step directions for classroom use or performance. The CD and audio files contain both songs with lyrics, and piano accompaniment only. This play is loaded with wonderful music and catchy lyrics that children will want to sing again and again!
Applause! Applause! And wasn't it easy! Even non-musical teachers will love using this simple musical play. Children will bring stories to life through drama, music, art, language, and gross motor activities. Each book contains a CD (print books) or audio files (eBooks) and a resource guide loaded with songs, music, and step-by-step directions for classroom use or performance. The CD and audio files contain both songs with lyrics, and piano accompaniment only. This play is loaded with wonderful music and catchy lyrics that children will want to sing again and again!
To conduct this study on criminal and antisocial behavior, the authors devoted years to collecting data from a large community sample of first-generation subjects. Data were garnered throughout their early adolescence, twenties, and thirties as well as from these first-generation subjects’ biological children during their own early adolescence. The results of these studies have profound implications for future research and methodology on deviant behavior.
Based on a popular folk tale, this familiar story is adapted to music and performed as a musical drama. The children design the costumes, set decorations, and libretto through various art activities to incorporate all aspects of the production into the curriculum. The book contains songs, music, step-by-step directions for classroom use or performance, and related activities. The CD contains both songs with lyrics, and piano accompaniment only. Material is designed for non-musical teachers.
Applause! Applause! And wasn't it easy! Even non-musical teachers will love using this simple musical play. Children will bring stories to life through drama, music, art, language, and gross motor activities. Each book contains a CD (print books) or audio files (eBooks) and a resource guide loaded with songs, music, and step-by-step directions for classroom use or performance. The CD and audio files contain both songs with lyrics, and piano accompaniment only. This play is loaded with wonderful music and catchy lyrics that children will want to sing again and again!
China's overseas financing is a distinct form of patient capital that marshals the country's vast domestic resources to create commercial opportunities internationally. Its long-term risk tolerance and lack of policy conditionality has allowed developing economies to sidestep the fiscal austerity tendencies of Western markets and multilaterals. Employing statistical tests and extensive field research across China and Latin America, Stephen Kaplan finds that China's patient capital endows national governments with more room to maneuver in formulating domestic policies. The author goes on to evaluate the potential costs of Chinese financing, raising the question of how Chinese lenders will react to developing nation's ongoing struggles with debt and dependency. By disaggregating the structure of international finance, Globalizing Patient Capital has significant implications for the rise of China in Latin America, offering new insights about globalization and showing the costs and benefits of state versus market approaches to development.
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