This book details the analytical processes, and interpretation of the resulting data, needed in order to achieve a comprehensive source-rock evaluation of organic-rich shales. The authors employ case studies on Permian and Cretaceous shales from various Indian basins and other petroleum-bearing basins around the world to illustrate the key features of their organic-rich shale characterization methodology. These case studies may also help to identify potential zones within shale formations that could be exploited for commercial gas and/or oil production. Given its scope, the book will be of interest to all researchers working in the field of source-rock analysis. In addition, the source-rock evaluation techniques – and the various intricacies associated with them – discussed here offer valuable material for postgraduate geology courses.
This is a concise book with comprehensive information on coal and biomass ash generated from their combustion in thermal power plants. It presents detailed studies on ash generated from contrasting coal and biomass feedstocks, and provides a comparative evaluation of these different ashes in terms of their origin, properties, environmental hazards. Potential utilizations with specific advantages and disadvantages of the respective ashes are elaborated in detail, including some innovative means of ash utilization for value addition purposes. By addressing both the theory and commercial exploitation of these products, this book will be helpful for industrialists, academicians and researchers alike.
Indian agriculture is a symbiosis of crop and livestock production, a way of life, a tradition, which for centuries has shaped the thoughts, the outlook, the culture, and the socio-economic facet of rural life. Among agricultural scenario dairying is an important enterprise which supports the livelihoods of millions of people. It is considered as one of the subsidiary occupation of the rural people playing crucial role in the national economy in terms of generating the income and raising the employment (Mathur, 2001). In fact, agriculture is the backbone of our country in which livestock sector is an integral part of it.
Engineered Nanoparticles: Structure, Properties and Mechanisms of Toxicity is an indispensable introduction to engineered nanomaterials (ENM) and their potential adverse effects on human health and the environment. Although research in the area of pharmacology and toxicology of ENM is rapidly advancing, a possible correlation between their physicochemical properties and biomedical properties or toxicity is not yet fully understood. This understanding is essential to develop strategies for the safe applications and handling of ENM. The book comprehensively defines the current understanding of ENM toxicity, first describing these materials and their physicochemical properties, and then discussing the toxicological theory and methodology before finally demonstrating the potential impact of ENM on the environment and human health. It represents an essential reference for students and investigators in toxicology, pharmacology, chemistry, material sciences, medicine, and those in related disciplines who require an introduction to ENM and their potential toxicological effects. - Provides state-of-the-art physicochemical descriptions and methodologies for the characterization of engineered nanomaterials (ENM) - Describes the potential toxicological effects of ENM and the nanotoxicological mechanisms of action - Presents how to apply theory to practice in a public health and risk assessment setting
The first and the foremost act of human being in this world is to communicate. The first cry of the newly born child is meant to communicate to the world that he is born alive and well. Since birth every living moment of his/her consists of a series of learning through communication by cries, symbols, gestures and language. Communication is the mechanism through which human relations exist and develop. In the terminology of social sciences the process of transmitting meaningful symbols between individuals is designated a 'communication'. It is only through transmission of meaning from one person to another that information and ideas can be conveyed.
According to the 2018 National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 14.4 million adults aged 18 and older had alcohol use disorder (AUD). Mixing alcohol with other drugs such as opioids or cocaine has become an emerging trend, exacerbating public health concerns and may synergistically augment the seriousness of the adverse effects such as withdrawal symptoms, cardiovascular disorders, liver damage, reproductive abnormalities, and behavioral abnormalities. Despite the seriousness of the situation, possible mechanisms underlying the addiction and the withdrawal symptoms is not yet understood. This has been one of the key hindrances in developing effective treatment. Neurobiology of Alcohol and the Brain addresses the addiction-related problems reviewing both the mechanisms and withdrawal system with alcohol addiction. First, the book discusses the mechanisms of the rewarding and aversive effects, including addiction and the withdrawal symptoms of alcohol drinking. Next, alcohol's interaction with other drugs and ensuing adverse consequences is discussed including current and novel treatments against alcoholism. This is followed by a closer look at mental health and alcohol use disorder comorbidity. Lastly, the reader is provided with examples of an experimental study that describes possible protective effects of gold nanoparticles against alcohol addiction in rats subjected to alcohol self-administration. Neurobiology of Alcohol and the Brain will unlock the mechanistic diversities of alcoholism helping to facilitate future developments of new, personalized treatment options for patients suffering from alcohol addiction. - Provides an exhaustive overview of neurobiology of alcohol addiction, including significant recent advances - Discusses the mechanisms underlying the adverse effects of alcohol-drug mixtures - Includes recent experimental studies on gold nanoparticles
Split Cord Malformations is written with the purpose of providing a complete overview of the management of this rare condition. The book benefits from the rich experience and expertise of its contributing authors in the management of spinal dysraphism in general and split cord malformation in particular. The book highlights the way a SCM patient must be treated to get excellent results. This book has 14 chapters dealing with all aspects of SCM ranging from embryology, diagnosis, and management. Key Features Clear depiction of the types of Split cord malformations. Various classification systems of SCM are covered along with their surgical implications. Dorsoventral spur, its pathogenesis, and treatment nuances are discussed in detail as it is a special condition needing special care to prevent spinal cord damage. Management of SCM type I and type II needs specific attention as they are of different nature. The explanations offered in the book cover both adequately. Protocol for SCM management is discussed along with long-term outcome. It also showcases a separate chapter on complex SCMs. The associated pathology like meningomyelocele, lipoma, thick filum, and congenital tumors must be managed on their own merit. Hence, proper diagnosis of the complex SCM helps in planning surgical strategy. Anesthesia consideration for planning surgery in small babies is essential which is thoroughly catered in this book.
Agriculture is the backbone of Indian economy, which dictates the livelihood system of millions of people in general and farmer in particular. Agrarian structure has transformed owing to the production process, but the agricultural sector is presently at cross roads, with the advent of new forces in policy and trade sector. India has achieved self-sufficiency in food grain production but not in fruit production.
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